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Biomedical subjects

Z Shapira

Publications and source records attributed to Z Shapira.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

T cell subsets in renal transplanted patients defined by theophylline sensitivity and monoclonal antibodies.

Peripheral T cell subsets were determined in 26 patients after renal transplantation. Thirteen patients were undergoing acute rejection episodes at the time of blood sampling. Two methods were used for the determinations: the theophylline sensitivity test (THST) and the monoclonal antibodies method OKT8 and OKT4. In both rejecting and non-rejecting groups, the percentages of T suppressor lymphocytes (TS) was found to be higher by the OKT8 method than by the THST. Furthermore, no significant difference in TS percentages could be revealed by the OKT8 method between the two groups. However, with the THST the differences were significant with a mean value of 13.5 +/- 7.9 per cent in the rejecting group and 21 +/- 5.9 per cent in the non-rejecting group (p less than 0.01). The different results between the two methods could be attributed to the fact that by THST only TS cells are defined while the OKT8 conjugates also with cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The measuring of T helper cells (TH) revealed much higher percentages of TH in the rejecting group than in the non-rejecting group, 51 +/- 9.5 per cent mean value and 29 +/- 13 per cent mean value, respectively (p less than 0.05). The ratio OKT4+/OKT8+ was below one in the non-rejecting group and above 1.5 in the rejecting group. We concluded that the THST as well as OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio may be a helpful laboratory test to confirm a clinically suspected acute rejection episode.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Kidney transplantation in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

In the 45 months from April 1980 to December 1983, 137 patients received first cadaver kidney grafts. Thirty-two of the patients were on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD group) and 105 were on haemodialysis (HD group). The two groups of patients were similar in respect to pre-transplant blood transfusions, mean age, HLA-A, B, DR matching and immunosuppressive therapy. In 14 CAPD patients at least one episode of peritonitis was documented before transplantation. The actuarial graft and patient survival was 57 per cent and 84.4 per cent, respectively for the CAPD group and 55.8 per cent and 85.3 per cent in the HD group. No patient in either group had evidence of peritonitis after the transplantation. These similar results indicate that kidney transplantation in CAPD patients carries no greater risk than in patients on haemodialysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Rejection-related nephrotic syndrome associated with massive antiglomerular and antitubular basement membrane deposits.

A patient with end-stage renal disease due to nephronophthisis developed nephrotic syndrome following renal transplantation. Renal biopsy revealed rejection glomerulopathy with massive linear deposition of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and complement C3 along the glomerular and tubular basement membranes. The association of nephrotic syndrome with linear deposition of Ig is rare in chronic rejection of kidney allografts. The nephrotic syndrome in this case responded to treatment with plasmapheresis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Mentally retarded workers' reactions to their jobs.

Reactions of 34 mentally retarded employees to their jobs were examined in a field study conducted at a sheltered workshop. Three experienced social workers observed a group of retarded employees whose job was assembling toys. The workers were then interviewed on their perceptions of and reactions to their job characteristics and supervision, and these were related to performance data that included performance time, productivity, and effort ratings. Results showed that performance measures were related to perceived job characteristics and that growth-need strength (people's needs for personal development and achievement) affected these relationships. On the basis of these results, we discussed the feasibility of using motivation models for retarded workers that were designed for nonretarded workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Intestinal incarceration in occult abdominal wall herniae in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Herniae are a common complication of treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The diagnosis is often difficult because the hernia may not be apparent, or because the symptoms may mimic peritonitis or other severe abdominal complications. This report describes the occurrence of intestinal incarceration in an occult incisional hernia in two CAPD patients. The possibility of this diagnosis must be considered in CAPD patients complaining of severe abdominal pain.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

T-cell subsets in a cyclosporin-A treated recipient of cadaveric kidney allograft as defined by theophylline sensitivity and monoclonal antibodies.

Three different methods (theophylline sensitivity, monoclonal antibodies and a local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction) were used to study the T-cell subsets in two renal allograft recipients, one who was treated with cyclosporin-A + prednisone after having received preoperative gradual lymphoid irradiation and one who was treated by conventional methods following transplantation. In the patient treated with cyclosporin-A, who experienced no clinical rejection and has been in good condition during four months of follow-up, the percentage of theophylline-sensitive TS cells rose from 3% following irradiation to 38% one week after transplantation and treatment; T suppressor cells tested by OKT8 antibodies ranged from 60% to 100% whereas the helper cells tested by OKT4 ranged from 10% to 40%, with a ratio of OKT4/OKT8 below 0.6. In the patient receiving conventional treatment, who underwent unresponsive acute renal rejection 21 days after transplantation, the level of suppressor cells was much lower, ranging from 12% to 42%, with the OKT4/OKT8 ratio ranging from 1.47 to 2.5.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

In vitro induction of T suppressor lymphocytes in recipients of renal allografts by THF, a thymic hormone.

Lymphocyte subpopulations were determined in 13 patients, recipients of kidney allografts, 7 of them during an acute rejection episode (ARE). Monitoring of the T lymphocyte suppressor or T helper cells was performed by aid of the theophylline sensitivity test and the local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR). An absence or a striking decrease of theophylline-sensitive T suppressor cells was found in all patients during ARE. Incubation of the lymphocytes of these patients with a thymic hormone, THF, raised the number of TS lymphocytes from nil or from a very low level to normal or above. The therapeutic use of THF in selected renal allograft recipients is proposed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Lack of suppressor T cells in renal transplant recipients and activation by aminophylline.

Immunoregulatory T-cell subsets were determined in 16 patients after renal transplantation. Suppressor and helper T lymphocytes were isolated with the aid of theophylline according to the method described by Shore et al. [1]. The system model used for assessing the function of these subsets was the local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR). Lack of suppressor T cells was found in 6 out of the 16 patients, all 6 in acute steroid nonresponsive rejection crisis. Four of these patients received aminophylline per os at a dose of 1000 mg/kg per day and the T-lymphocyte subsets were retested several days afterwards. Active suppressor T cells (TS) appeared in all 4 treated patients, paralleled by disappearance of rejection crisis and a dramatic decrease of serum creatinine levels. These findings suggest that the inactivation of the immunoregulatory suppressor subset, probably by the immunosuppressive treatment, may play an important role in acute rejection and that activation of this subset of T suppressors could be of beneficial effect and prevent renal rejection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Suppressor factor in plasma of aminophylline treated renal transplanted patients.

Eleven of 15 patients with a first acute rejection episode following cadaveric renal transplantation resumed adequate graft function and increased peripheral blood suppressor T-lymphocyte activity following treatment with 'pulse' methylprednisolone and aminophylline (1000mg orally daily for 14 days). Four of 11 patients treated with 'pulse' methylprednisolone alone resumed adequate graft function, but only two of these had elevated peripheral blood suppressor T-lymphocyte function. Nine of the 11 responding patients exhibited plasma suppressor activity to xenogenic graft versus host reaction but such activity was not observed in the plasma of any of the 11 patients who received methylprednisolone alone.

Aminophylline↗
PubMed1979

Renal transplantation in the amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever. Experience in ten cases.

Ten patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and histologically confirmed amyloidosis received cadaver kidney transplants for treatment of terminal renal disease. Colchicine, 1 mg daily, was included in the routine postoperative regimen from 1974 for amyloidotic patients. Graft and patient survival were compared with ten nonamyloidotic recipients of renal grafts matched for age, sex, type of allograft, and HLA compatibility. In the FMF group, five of ten grafts have survived from 20 to 64 months; in the control group, six of ten. While only recipients with functioning grafts survived in the FMF group, patient survival in the control group is eight of ten after one year. In all five FMF survivors, graft function is satisfactory, proteinuria is absent, and blood creatinine levels are normal. Amyloid involvement of an allograft was documented 16 months after transplantation in the only patient whose maintenance colchicine dosage had been reduced to 0.5 mg daily.

Adult↗