Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Z Papp

Publications and source records attributed to Z Papp.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Associations among dexamethasone non-suppression and TRH-induced hormonal responses: increased specificity for melancholia?

TRH-induced thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH) responses were investigated together with a dexamethasone suppression test in female psychiatric inpatients with major melancholic depression (n = 21), schizophrenic disorder (n = 20), alcohol dependence (n = 11), and adjustment disorder with predominantly depressed mood (n = 13), as well as in 15 healthy women. Abnormal responses for all four endocrine variables were noted most frequently in melancholia; however, a significant number of the non-depressed patients also had abnormal hormonal responses in the individual test. The association of two or three abnormalities proved to be quite specific for the melancholic group. There were no statistically significant differences in TRH-induced TSH responses among the patient subgroups. Non-suppression of cortisol after dexamethasone was associated with blunted TSH-responses only in melancholia. There was a tendency for non-suppressor schizophrenics to show more abnormal GH-responses to TRH administration.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1986

Prenatal diagnosis and pathoanatomy of iniencephaly.

The authors discuss the diagnostic criteria of iniencephaly based on data from the literature and eleven additional, new cases. The most important differential diagnostic problems involve anencephaly with spinal retroflexion and the Klippel-Feil syndrome. Ultrasound indicated cranio-spinal alterations while amniotic fluid AFP estimation and exfoliative cytology substantiated abnormal closure of the neural tube, thus comprising helpful means for prenatal diagnosis of iniencephaly. The authors emphasize the need for median-sagittal sectioning through the spinal column for accurate evaluation of vertebral abnormalities. This, together with close observation of the occiput and the foramen magnum, helps the precise diagnosis of iniencephaly and once regularly applied will most likely result in more frequent recognition of this developmental abnormality.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Exencephaly in human fetuses.

In some anencephalic fetuses exposed neural tissue mass of varied size can be demonstrated. This is known as exencephaly. The authors diagnosed by ultrasound 10 typical exencephalic cases prenatally between 14 and 21 weeks of gestation. Nine singular pregnancies were terminated and in the twin pregnancy a selective feticide of the exencephalic co-twin was carried out. The pregnancy continued to term and a healthy newborn infant and a fetus papyraceus were born. The mummified co-twin was anencephalic and showed only the remnants of the exposed brain. Authors suggest that, as in experiments with animals, the exencephaly in humans, by the degeneration of the exposed neural tissue converts to anencephaly and in this process the macrophages in fetal circulation and in the amniotic fluid may play a significant role. The large number of these actively phagocytic macrophages can be demonstrated in the amniotic fluid samples from exencephalic fetuses.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1986

Fetal malformation and serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration of diabetic mothers.

Diabetic pregnant patients belong to a high-risk group from a genetic counselling point of view. Therefore serum AFP estimation and ultrasound examination was carried out in 36 diabetic pregnancies, between the 16-20 gestational weeks. Healthy infants were delivered in 28 cases, fetal malformations or diseases were diagnosed in 3 cases (2 exencephaly and 1 polycystic kidney disease), 5 pregnancies ended up with stillbirth and/or severe fetopathy. According to our findings, the feto-maternal AFP balance is altered in poorly controlled diabetic pregnant patients. Therefore the maternal serum AFP concentration does not always reflect the AFP content of amniotic fluid. It is supposed that the low serum AFP concentration in diabetic patients is due to the disturbed AFP balance, which cannot be observed in well controlled pregnant diabetics. In the pregnancy of diabetic mothers both serum AFP and ultrasound examination should be carried out. With further improvement in the preconceptional treatment of diabetic patients not only the number of malformations caused by hyperglycaemia should diminish, but the problems of false negative and false positive serum AFP values caused by the disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism should also become less frequent.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasound surveillance of pregnancies after metroplasty for septate uterus.

Metroplasties were performed on twenty three septate uterus associated with recurrent reproductive wastage (19 cases) or primary infertility (4 cases). The surgical procedure and ultrasound monitoring of pregnancies conceived postoperatively are reported. Eighteen pregnancies occurred in sixteen patients; fourteen ended in live birth and four spontaneous abortions, including two blighted ova and one mole occurred. It appears from the results that uterine anomalies are rarely the sole cause of primary infertility; therefore, selection of patients is emphasized.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1985

Dexamethasone suppression and multiple hormonal responses (TSH, prolactin and growth hormone) to TRH in some psychiatric disorders.

Baseline and TRH-induced changes of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PRL), and growth hormone (GH) were measured in 15 healthy control subjects and 63 psychiatric inpatients with DSM-III diagnoses of major depression (n = 19), schizophrenic disorder (n = 20), alcohol dependence (n = 10), and adjustment disorder (n = 14); baseline and postdexamethasone cortisol (CS) were also determined 3-6 days after the TRH-challenge. All patients and controls were women of similar mean age, weight, height, and they were free from interfering illness or drugs. Baseline TSH and PRL were lower in depression, TRH-induced TSH and PRL responses were lower in the whole patient group, but most markedly in depression and alcohol dependence. Postdexamethasone CS was significantly higher in depression, schizophrenia and alcohol dependence. Basal GH did not differentiate the subgroups; TRH-induced pathological GH responses were sometimes found in the patient groups. The differences were most marked quantitatively in major depression: a multivariate analysis of variance showed that delta TSH, postdexamethasone CS and delta PRL were the most important variables in separating patients from controls. A discriminant function derived from these variables classified all controls and 18 of 19 depressed patients correctly; however, 25 of the 44 other patients were also classified with depression. It was confirmed that psychiatric patients show significantly more endocrine disturbances than controls, and this was seen not only in major depression but also in at least three other conditions. Further work is needed to identify other neuroendocrine patterns more specific to depressive disorder.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1985

Decrease in dopamine, its metabolites and noradrenaline in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients after withdrawal of long-term neuroleptic treatment.

Dopamine (DA), homovanillic acid (HVA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), noradrenaline (NA), and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5HIAA) were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 15 chronic schizophrenic patients before and 2 weeks after withdrawal of long-term neuroleptic treatment. Total neuroleptic-like activity in serum (NLA) was determined at the same times. Levels of DA and its metabolites (DOPAC and HVA) and NA were significantly reduced after the discontinuation of neuroleptic treatment. No change was observed in 5HIAA values. NLA was substantially reduced, but still remained detectable. The decrease in DA, DOPAC, and HVA all showed positive correlations with each other, and correlated negatively with NLA measured after 2 weeks. Our data implies that the decrease in DA turnover is the result of the discontinuance of DA receptor blockade, while the change in NA level is independent of it.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗