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Biomedical subjects

Z Li

Publications and source records attributed to Z Li.

At least 1,315 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

An epidemiological survey on use and abuse of antianxiety drugs among Beijing residents.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current trend of use and abuse of antianxiety drugs in Beijing residents in 4 urban and 2 rural areas. METHODS: A cluster sampling household survey of 6567 subjects out of 3000 families was made by 6 local grass roots mental health centers collaboratively. Screened with designed questionnaire, the positive addicted subjects were examined with present state examination (PSE), eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and social disability screening schedule (SDSS) to detect their psychosocial status. RESULTS: Benzodiazepine (BZD) has been widely prescribed and the rate of usage for 1 year is 61.82/1000, whereas the rate of dependence is 16.29/1000, constituting 1/4 of long-term users. This study also indicates that Valium is a most preferred drug among all available BZD used by the majority of addicted subjects. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the reported dependence is not epidemic but iatrogenic in nature attributable to persistent misuse of BZD. It is stressed that guideline of rational clinical application of BZD should be laid down so as to markedly reduce further possible misuse and abuse of the drugs of this kind.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Measurements of membrane diffusing capacity and pulmonary capillary blood volume in normal subjects and patients with mild emphysema.

OBJECTIVE: To establish predicted values of membrane diffusing capacity (Dm) and pulmonary capacity blood volume (Vc), to compare the predicted values from our equations with those for Caucasians, to determine whether there are changes initially in Dm or Vc in patients with mild emphysema. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco), Dm and Vc were determined in 86 normal subjects and 16 patients using the single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLcosB) with two different alveolar concentrations of oxygen. RESULTS: The predicted equations are as follows. For males, DLco (ml/min/mm Hg) = 0.37H-0.19A-27.8; Dm (ml/min/mm Hg) = 0.65H-0.24A-53.7; Vc(ml) = 0.88H-78.9. For females, DLco = 0.28H-22.7; Dm = 0.59H-53.6; Vc = 66.6-0.36A. DLco and Vc are lower in Chinese than Caucasians while Dm is similar in Chinese and Caucasians. Eleven of 16 patients had a low DLco (< 80% predicted value), 12 had a low Dm and 5 had a low Vc. Eight of 12 patients with a low Dm also had a low DLco, but in 4 the DLco was normal. Nine of 12 with low Dm had a normal Vc. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides prediction equations of Dm and Vc. Chinese have a low DLco because their Vc is lower than Caucasians. The DLco and Dm are abnormal in a comparable percentage of patients. In patients with mild emphysema, the Dm becomes abnormal before the Vc.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Laryngeal reinnervation by nerve-muscle multipedicle transfer].

Abductive ability was restored by means of a modified nerve-muscle pedicle technique, utilizing nerve-muscle multipedicle and multipoint implantation in seventeen dogs. The results showed that the procedure was superior to traditional Tucker's technique in functional recovery, electrophysiological activity and muscle strength which was also demonstrated by histochemical studies. There was little difference between double and three nerve-muscle pedicle transfer. The procedure has been used in three patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Return of spontaneous abduction in the operated side in two patients was noted after eight and twelve weeks after surgery. All patients have achieved sufficient airway without the need of tracheotomy. Electromyography confirmed the reinnervation of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Measures combating pre-hospital sudden death].

OBJECTIVE: To study pre-hospital sudden death so as to reduce the death rate. METHOD: 814 pre-hospital deaths were randomly selected from January 1990 to May 1994 for a retrospective study. RESULTS: 616 deaths (75.7%) showed a history of cardiac disease and hypertension. The age for high sudden death rate ranged from 50 to 69 years (53.9%). Most of the cases (87.8%) were found in their homes. 21 cases (2.58%) successfully recovered. CONCLUSIONS: The key points to improve the success rate of pre-hospital sudden death are: completing Beijing Emergency Medical Center's emergency care network so as to decrease the emergency care radium and shorten the emergency care time; disseminating emergency care knowledge on CPR and CPR technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Study on nurse-patient relationships in patients with fractures and traumatic delirium].

Having obvious psychical defect, the fractured patients were different from other orthopedical patients. The characteristics of disease courses of 63 patients were analyzed in this study. The result indicated that at the time of pre-operation, the end of first post-operation week, and the end of second post-operation week there were significant difference in patients' psychical condition (P < 0.05). At the end of third post-operation week, the physical trauma were cured and their psychical condition turned to be almost normal. It may related to the nurse patient relationship model, active-passive model, and guidance-cooperation model which were used during deliria period, recovering period, and smooth period. Using these models effectively may improve the recovery of the patients physically and psychologically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Antibody-targeted radio-chemotherapy of human primary liver cancer with radio-iodinated AFP monoclonal antibodies conjugated with mitomycin C: a preliminary clinical observation].

A "dual-warhead missile" made of 131I-AFP monoclonal antibody conjugated with mitomycin C was prepared. Twelve patients with moderately advanced and advanced primary liver cancer (PLC) were treated by i.v. injection of the antibody preparation. Tumor decrease in size was observed in 45.5% of the treated patients and decline in serum AFP level was seen in 83.3%. The one-year survival rate was 45.5%. Antibody-targeted radio-chemotherapy is a treatment of choice for advanced PLC patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The experimental demonstration of "the isothermal meridian courses"].

This experimental work has further verified the analysis and inference from "the meridians" discoverd by Mr. Hu Xianglong in author's previous article, the discrimination of physical location of "the isothermal meridians". The author has confirmed that "the isothermal meridians" were just processed and resolved from the color infrared image by computer, and they were the statistical lines and the schematic diagrams linked with the points of isotherm on the body surface. Some of "the isothermal meridians" were selected artificially from many statistical lines, which basically coincided with classical meridian courses. They completely conform with the law of the temperature diffusion, and could only reflect the natural tendency of the temperature diffusion on the body surface, but they are not the natural display of the travelling tracks of the meridian Qi and blood in the human body.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[A clinical observation for the posterior atlanto-axial arthrodesis under acupuncture anesthesia].

73 cases of the posterior Atlanto-Axial Arthrodesis were performed under acupuncture anesthesia. The anesthesia effects were satisfactory, the good and excellent rate was 80.0%. The patients were awake during the operation under acupuncture anesthesia, thus the injure of nerve can been avoided or decreased. During operation the patient's breathing and circulation function were stable. It is desirable that acupuncture anesthesia is used for the posterior Atlanto-Axial Arthrodesis.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1996

Changes of endothelin-1 gene expression in rat brains during ischemia and ischemic reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE: The experiment was designed to study the association of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion with endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene expression of rat brains and time-dependent changes of ET-1 gene expression during cerebral ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three male SD rats were divided into dot blot hybridization (n = 27) and in situ hybridization groups (n = 6). The focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion models were made with suture embolism of middle cerebral artery. Dot blot hybridization groups were redivided into control and ischemic subgroups (ischemia for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h respectively). In situ hybridization groups were redivided into ischemia and reperfusion groups. After 24 h ischemia and 24 h reperfusion, ET-1 gene expressions were investigated with in situ hybridization and the results were analyzed with IBAS 2000 Image Analysis System. RESULTS: Dot blot hybridization showed that ET-1 mRNA of cerebral cortex and caudate-putamen was increased at 6 h of ischemia and reached peak at 24 h (3.9 and 3.7 fold respectively), and at 72 h of ischemia it remained at high levels (3.5 and 2.1 fold respectively). In situ hybridization showed that the levels of ET-1 mRNA of cerebral cortex and caudate-putamen were also markedly increased both in 24 h ischemia and 24 h reperfusion groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: ET-1 gene expression in focal ischemic brain tissue were markedly and progressively increased during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion and down-regulation of ET-1 gene expression may be a new approach to the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Surgical treatment and prognosis of bronchial carcinoid tumor.

In order to understand the effect of surgery in the treatment of the bronchial carcinoid tumor and the factors affecting prognosis, 18 cases of bronchial carcinoid tumor are presented, including 5 cases with Cushing's syndrome. There were lobectomy in 10, lung wedge resection in 3, excision of intraluminal tumor of bronchus in 3, exploratory thoracotomy in 2 cases. No operation death. Pathological examination revealed 14 cases were typical carcinoid tumor and 4 cases were atypical carcinoid tumor. By 2-13 years follow-up, 3, 5 and 10 years survival rate were 82%, 78% and 70% respectively. Bronchial carcinoid tumor is often confused with small cell carcinoma of lung, the correct diagnosis can be obtained by light microscopic, electron microscopic and immunohistochemistry studies. Those patients accompanied with ectopic-ACTH secretion always have Cushing's syndrome, resection of tumor can produce good result. Proper operation method depends on the location of the tumor and patient's extent of cardiac and pulmonary reserve. Atypical carcinoid tumor had high malignancy and poor prognosis. The size of tumor, lymph node involvement and adjuvant therapy seem no definite effect on the patients' survival rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation on the informed consent, effectiveness in improving the knowledge of congenital defects and use of vitamin among women in Mancheng County, Herbei province].

The effectiveness of informed consent in the widespread community education was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial, using periconceptional vitamin supplement to prevent spina bifida and anencephaly in Mancheng County, Hebei Province. Results showed that 60% and 70% of women in the pre-education group knew the terms of "vitamin" and "birth defects", but the proportions of women who had ever heard of the terms of "spina bifida", "anencephaly", and "neural tube defects" were rather low. No woman had any knewledge of "folic acid". In the post-education group, there was not much change in the proportions of women who knew the terms of "vitamin" and "birth defects". Women with less knowledge at the pre-education group increased their knowledge more obviously: 12% of the women who knew folic acid and the maximum levels of other three items were about 2-13 times of the pre-education group which reached about 40% -50%. Women showed strong ability of receiving new knowledge and the education campaign seemed effective in the widespread community to a large extent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Intraluminal stent and balloon of intraluminal stent for prevention of esophageal stenosis due to alkali corrosive injury: experimental and clinical studies].

Experimental and clinical results of a intraluminal stent and ballon of intraluminal stent to prevent scar stenosis after esophageal corrosive injury. The model of Davis's esophageal corrosive injury was used. The dogs in group II III IV were killed at 7 weeks after injury. The smallest diameter of esophagus in group III and IV was significantly larger than that in group II (P < 0.01). The collagen content in group III and IV was significantly lower than that in group II (P < 0.01) and it was still lower in group IV than in group III (P < 0.05). Esophageal compoiance in group III and IV was significantly greater than that in group II (P < 0.01) and it was still greater in group IV than in group III (P < 0.05). The analyses of collagen images showed that the collagen density in group II (P < 0.01) was further lower IV than that in group III (P < 0.05). In 18 cases who were treated for prevention of stricture formation with an intraluminal stent 10 cases were completely recovered, 6 recovered after repeated dilations, and 2 failed. Furthermore, all 5 cases treated with mechanical pressure intraluminal stent were successful. It is suggested that intraluminal stent and mechanical pressure of intraluminal stent can alleviate the corrosive stenosis. But the balloon of intraluminal stent is still better than the intraluminal stent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Surgical management of patients with hepatic carcinoma].

The results of hepatectomy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are hampered by the formidable postoperative morbidity and mortality rates and frequent recurrences on follow-up. Our recent analysis of 343 patients who had hepatectomy in the past 22 years demonstrated a significant improvement of results. A decision for hepatectomy and its permissible extent, is based on a thorough preoperative assessment of the hepatic reserve with a combination of indocyanine green retention rate measurement and computed tomography. For difficult right lobe tumors, such as those infiltrating the diaphragm and posterior abdominal wall, parenchymal transection would be performed without prior mobilization of the right hepatic lobe for selected patients. In addition, perioperative parental branched chain amino-acid infusion is another option which might help in reducing postoperative morbidity rate in cirrhotic patients. The survival rates of patients managed after 1987 demonstrated a significant increase, with a 5-year survival rate of 35 percent though with a steady recurrent rate. The use of intra-arterial oily chemoembolization with an emulsion of lipiodol and cisplatinum, and intra-lesional alcohol injection under percutaneous ultrasound guidance, allowed effective control of intrahepatic diseases. Since 1990, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using a combination of systemic and regional chemotherapy has been used in the reduction of recurrent tumours.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1996

[An experimental study on the effects of total parenteral nutrition on gut immune barrier function].

In this study, SPF rat models were used. The purpose of the study was to observe the impairment of gut barrier function subsequent to long-term TPN, and evaluate the effect of TPN enriched by alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) on the gut. After 7 day standard TPN, there was a significant decrease of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and IgA-containing plasma cells in lamina propria. The percentage of intestinal bacteria coated by S-IgA declined, and bacterial adherence to intestinal epithelial cells increased with an increased incidence of bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes. All these adverse effects could be attenuated by addition of Ala-Gln to TPN solutions or oral glutamine (Gln) or Ala-Gln administration. The results of the study suggested that long-term standard TPN impaired the immune gut barrier function and therefor facilitated enterogenic infection, and addition of Gln or Ala-Gln significantly benifited gut barrier protection and infection prevention, which might be important to clinical practice.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[TCD observation on cerebral blood flow dynamics inference of cerebral palsy with scalp therapy].

Through TCD test, observation on the blood flow dynamics change before and after treatment with 31 cases of the child cerebral atrophy was made. It is found that scalp therapy is able to speed up the blood flow of part artery, especially increase the even blood flow speed of MCA, ACA obviously (P < 0.05), which preliminary shows the mechanism of scalp therapy for child cerebral atrophy mean while. It is found that scalp therapy also has the function to restrain epilepsy.

Acupuncture Therapy↗