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Biomedical subjects

Z Barzilay

Publications and source records attributed to Z Barzilay.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Kinetics of CSF phenytoin in children.

The efficacy of intravenous phenytoin for the treatment of status epilepticus is related to the rapid entry of phenytoin into brain parenchyma. There is no information concerning the correlation between phenytoin serum and CSF concentrations in children, and the application of CSF data to clinical use. We report 7 children (2-11 yrs) who were treated or exposed to phenytoin in doses between 10.5-230 mg/kg. Lumbar puncture was performed 9 times in 6 of the patients. In one patient, an intraventricular catheter permitted successive assessment of CSF phenytoin concentrations. The ratio of CSF/serum phenytoin concentrations was 0.16 +/- 0.08, with gradual increase over the first 8 hours as the serum phenytoin concentration decreased. There was good correlation between therapeutic outcome and CSF phenytoin levels higher than 2 mcg/ml. In one patient the coma state secondary to phenytoin intoxication was associated with high CSF concentration (6 mcg/ml).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

The effect of lithium chloride on tumour appearance and survival of melanoma-bearing mice.

The possible effect of lithium chloride, a compound which reduces the incidence of infection in cancer patients, was investigated on murine melanoma. C57 BL syngeneic mice were inoculated i.p. with B16 melanoma cells. The animals were divided into 4 groups, receiving daily i.p. treatment with saline--group 1, controls; lithium chloride--group 2, bleomycin and vinblastine--group 3, and lithium chloride with bleomycin and vinblastine--group 4. Animals in group 4 had a significant delay in tumour appearance, a higher degree of tumour necrosis, and a longer survival rate. In addition a significant reduction of serum lithium concentration was noted in animals of this group in comparison with animals in group 2, treated with lithium chloride alone. There was no lithium-induced leukocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki dIsease) in Israel. A review of 13 cases: is pseudomonas infection responsible?

In this report the clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings of 13 children with Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome (Kawasaki disease; MCLS) are reviewed. This is the first report of a series with a description of the clinical findings as well as pathological findings in patients from Israel. Pseudomonas infection appeared to be the underlying cause of both the clinical symptoms and the pathological changes of some (or all) cases of Kawasaki disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pre-excitation syndrome in infants and children. Effect of digoxin, verapamil, and amiodarone.

Clinical and electrocardiographic findings for 30 patients with the pre-excitation syndrome are described together with details of treatment. Nineteen (63%) were younger than 2 years, 14 of whom were under 2 months. Sixteen infants and 7 children (77%) presented with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, 14 (61%) of whom had the electrocardiographic pattern of type A Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. During paroxysmal bouts the QRS complex was normal in 21 patients and wide in two. Six (20%) patients had congenital heart disease often associated with WPW syndrome type B. Seventeen patients were treated with either digoxin or verapamil intravenously to stop tachyarrhythmias. Verapamil was more effective due to the immediate response and lack of adverse effects. The tachyarrhythmias resolved in all the patients and in some of them the WPW pattern resolved later indicating maturation of the conduction tissue with loss of the accessory pathways. Verapamil provides a rapid and safe form of treatment for conversion of tachyarrhythmias since it has no effect on the accessory pathways. Oral amiodarone prevents recurrent tachyarrhythmias resistant to other treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Amiodarone in control of sustained tachyarrhythmias in children with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Oral amiodarone was administered to ten children aged 3 months to 15 years who had recurrent SVT associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. In nine patients, amiodarone was used following failure of oral digoxin, quinidine, propranolol, and verapamil. Each patient received an oral loading dose of 10 to 15 mg/kg followed by 5 mg/kg daily. All children became asymptomatic of tachyarrhythmias within five days of therapy and remained asymptomatic for 5 to 36 months. In one patient, amiodarone therapy was discontinued because of generalized urticaria after a positive initial response. After high-dose oral verapamil failed to eliminate recurrent bouts of SVT, the patient was again given amiodarone and he had a complete recovery. All ten children had normal results on thyroid function tests, and no other adverse effects were detected. Amiodarone has been shown to be highly effective and well tolerated in this series of children. Therefore, we recommend its use for the control and prevention of sustained arrhythmias in pediatric patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome when the traditional antiarrhythmic drugs fail.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Elevated risk of osteoarticular complications in children with acute Brucella melitensis infection.

Infection with brucella microorganisms is considered uncommon in the paediatric age group. We report nine paediatric patients between the ages of 8 to 17 years with acute Brucella melitensis infection, who presented with spiking fever, night sweats, anorexia and malaise for 5 to 60 days prior to diagnosis. Four patients developed various osteoarticular complications: migratory arthralgia, hydroarthrosis of the knees, arthritis and osteomyelitis. Therapy with tetracyclines alone or in combination with streptomycin resulted in complete recovery in eight children. This combination failed in one patient who developed severe osteoarticular disease successfully responding to rifampicin. Since infection of bone and joints leads to irreversible damage, early recognition and immediate management are crucial for recovery. Rifampicin might be of benefit in children with severe osteoarticular complications when the traditional anti-brucella regimen fails.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Human epithelial cell line established from a child with juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis.

Papillae were removed from a 2-yr-old boy with juvenile squamous cell papillomatosis and the tissue was grown in vitro. The method leading to the establishment of a continuous laryngeal papilloma cell line is described. This epithelial cell line was benign, as judged by cell morphology and cellular inability to form colonies in soft agar or to produce growing nodules in nude mice. Papilloma virus particles were not seen through the electron microscope. In the early stages of culture, the cells contained antigen that stained specifically with autologous serum.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1982

Bacterial meningitis. A follow-up study of 115 children.

The clinical and laboratory date on 115 pediatric patients with bacterial meningitis are presented. Sixty-one were less than 12 mo of age including 13 less than 1 mo of age. Thirty-nine children were treated prior to admission with antimicrobial agents which obscured accurate bacteriologic diagnosis in eight of them. Gram-negative enteric bacteria, mainly Escherichia coli, were recorded in 9 of 13 neonates. Hemophilus influenzae type B accounted for 56 (52%) of all isolated recorded in those greater than 2 mo of age, of which 35% were resistant to chloramphenicol. Seventy-eight patients (73%) recovered completely following 10 to 14 days of antimicrobial therapy. Fifteen patients died, most of whom were less than 1 yr of age, including five neonates. Major neurologic sequelae included subdural effusions, cerebral abscesses and recurrent convulsions. This study, which documents the infrequency of Streptococcus group B and H. influenzae as etiological agents of neonatal meningitis, indicates that treatment of this disease with ampicillin and an aminoglycoside is efficacious. Chloramphenicol may be the drug of choice in the postnatal period, since H. influenzae is partly resistant to ampicillin.

Aminoglycosides↗