Gonosomal mosaicism from deleted Y chromosomal nondisjunction.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Yu-Feng Huang
Publications and source records attributed to Yu-Feng Huang.
Standardization and quality control for determination of fructose in seminal plasma.
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Centrifugation↗
Preliminary investigations on the standardization and quality control for the determination of acid phosphatase activity in seminal plasma.
BACKGROUND: The determination of ACP in seminal plasma was considered as an appropriate biochemical marker to evaluate prostate function, as recommended by the WHO manual. However, few reports on the standardization and quality control for the determination of biochemical markers in seminal plasma have been documented. METHODS: Two frozen samples of seminal plasma with or without phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride were determined for their acid phosphatase (ACP) levels. The ACP level and sperm concentration of each of 72 samples of seminal plasma obtained at 1000xg for 10 min or 3000xg for 15 min centrifugation were assayed. ACP activity in 10 samples of seminal plasma was measured immediately or standing for 30 min after dilution. The ACP levels in seminal plasma with or without chymotrypsin were also assayed. RESULTS: There was no significant difference of ACP levels (P=0.166) but of sperm concentrations (P=0.000) in seminal plasma obtained by centrifugation at different velocity. ACP activities in seminal plasma measured when standing for 30 min after dilution were significantly lower than those measured immediately after dilution (P=0.001). Both chymotrypsin and freezing-thawing had no apparent effect on the determination of ACP in seminal plasma. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that standing time after dilution and centrifugation velocity should be standardized, and frozen seminal plasma could serve as the quality control products for the determination of ACP activity among different laboratories.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Different expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase in rat epididymidis.
This study was designed to explore the different expression of L-PGDS (lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase) in rat epididymidis and to gain further insight into the potential function of L-PGDS in male reproduction. The expression of L-PGDS in rat epididymidis was assessed using real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting. The distribution of L-PGDS in rat epididymidis was explored by immunohistochemical methods. The result of immunohistochemistry displayed that L-PGDS was mainly distributed in epididymidis and localized within the cytoplasm and the cilia of the epithelial cells. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting showed that L-PGDS was strikingly expressed in the caput epididymidis, while a moderate to weak expression was observed in the corpus and cauda epididymidis, the level of mRNA was 0.52+/-0.02 in the caput, 0.48+/-0.03 in the corpus and 0.32+/-0.01 in the cauda epididymidis, the level of protein expression in caput, corpus and the cauda groups was 1, 0.89+/-0.03 and 0.62+/-0.01, which suggested that L-PGDS may play certain kind of role during the process of the spermatozoa maturation.
Animals↗
Chymotrypsin effects on the determination of sperm parameters and seminal biochemistry markers.
BACKGROUND: Few reports of the effects of treatment with chymotrypsin on the determination of sperm parameters and seminal biochemistry markers are documented. METHODS: Sperm parameters of 63 liquefied and 27 non-liquefied samples, untreated or treated with chymotrypsin, were evaluated using computer-assisted semen analysis. In addition, biochemistry markers such as gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, alpha-glucosidase and fructose in 50 liquefied and 39 non-liquefied samples, untreated or treated with chymotrypsin, were determined. RESULTS: Treatment with chymotrypsin had no effect on sperm concentration, motility, motility a and b, straightness, curvilinear velocity, straight line velocity, average path velocity and beat cross frequency in both liquefied and non-liquefied semen. However, linearity (p=0.025) decreased and the amplitude of the lateral head (p=0.029) increased significantly in non-liquefied semen after treatment with chymotrypsin. The levels of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, alpha-glucosidase and fructose in seminal plasma were unaffected by chymotrypsin, regardless of liquefaction status. CONCLUSIONS: Chymotrypsin had no effects on the detection of sperm parameters and biochemistry markers, and could be used to treat non-liquefied samples before semen analysis in the andrology laboratory.
Biomarkers↗
[Correlation of total antioxidant capacity in seminal plasma with sperm motility of infertile men].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in seminal plasma with sperm motility in infertile men, and explore the clinical significance of TAC in seminal plasma in male fertility. METHODS: One hundred and thirteen infertile men with normal sperm density were included in the experiment group and 28 fertile men in the normal control. The seminal parameter analysis was performed by computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system. Seminal plasma TAC was measured with spectroscopic analysis. RESULTS: Seminal plasma TAC was (14.37 +/- 8.45) U in the infertile men with normal sperm density and (19.82 +/- 6.33) U in the fertile control. Compared with the fertile men, seminal plasma TAC in the experiment group was significantly lower (P < 0.01). There was significant correlation between seminal plasma TAC and sperm motility, grade a sperm (r = 0.208, P < 0.05), grade (a + b) sperm (r = 0.231, P < 0.05), straightness (STR) (r = 0.200, P < 0.05), linearity (LIN) (r = 0.208, P < 0.05), curvilinear velocity (VCL) (r = 0.189, P < 0.05), straight line velocity (VSL) (r = 0.210, P < 0.05), average path velocity (VAP) (r = 0.215, P < 0.05), and beat cross frequency (BCF) (r = -0.248, P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation among the average motion degree (MAD), the amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and wobbly (WOB). CONCLUSION: TAC in seminal plasma is closely related to male fertility, appropriate TAC provides a favourable environment for sperm swimming. The decreased level of TAC in seminal plasma may be one of the causes of male infertility. The analysis of TAC in seminal plasma may afford valuable evidence in exploring the mechanism of male infertility and in clinical medication.
Adult↗
[Comparison and evaluation of two methods for measuring acid phosphatase activity in seminal plasma].
OBJECTIVE: To compare the routine method and the kit method for the measurement of acid phosphatase activity in seminal plasma, and to explore the possibility of the kit method for routine measurement. METHODS: Seventy-nine seminal plasma samples were assayed by routine method and kit method respectively for acid phosphatase. One sample was detected 10 times for within-run analysis, and an other two were measured by both the methods once a day for 10 days for between-run analysis. Acid phosphatase activities in another 10 seminal plasma samples collected at random were measured immediately or 30 min after dilution by two technicians, respectively. RESULTS: There were significant positive correlations between the acid phosphatase activities measured by routine and kit methods (r = 0.745, P = 0.000). In the within-run assay, the coefficient of variation for the kit method (13.72%) was similar with that for the routine method (10.66%). But in the between-run assay, the coefficients of variation for the kit method (13.8% and 15.49%) were obviously lower than those for the routine method (24.43% and 21.04%). Compared with the acid phosphatase activities in seminal plasma measured immediately after dilution, those measured after 30-min standing were notably lower for either of the methods (P < 0.05). However, there wasnt significant difference in the acid phosphatase activities detected by the routine method between the two technicians (P = 0.165). CONCLUSION: The kit method is superior and preferable to the routine method for the measurement of acid phosphatase in seminal plasma.
Acid Phosphatase↗
[Analysis of an AZFc deletion family with natural transmission].
OBJECTIVE: To report a rare family of AZFc deletion with natural transmission and explore the potential mechanism by which identical microdeletions cause different phenotypes. METHODS: Chromosomal quantity and construction were detected by G-band, Y-chromosomal microdeletions by multiple PCR amplification for 12 sequence tagged sites (STSs, and the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DAZL gene, the autosomal homologue of deleted-in-azoospermia (DAZ) gene by DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Chromosome analysis revealed a normal karyotype 46, XY in the father and both of his two sons and microdeletions of the full AZFc region were identical, including sY152, sY157, sY242, sY254, sY255, sY239 locus. However, the phenotypes of the affected patients were different: the father had normal fertility, but the sperm density of his two sons deteriorated age-dependently, and the younger one suffered from left cryptorchidism. SNP analysis demonstrated that two polymorphisms in exon 2 and 3 of the DAZL gene were identical in both the father and his sons. CONCLUSION: Identical Y-chromosomal microdeletions causing different phenotypes in this family is not associated with the polymorphisms of DAZL gene and may be related to other genes or environmental factors.
Adult↗
[Carnitines and male reproduction].
Carnitines are important conditionally essential nutrients in the organism, with extensive physiological functions, and highly concentrated in the epididymis and sperm. Carnitines play an important role not only in initiating sperm motility, promoting sperm maturation and enhancing sperm fertilizing, but also in regulating Sertoli cell function, protecting sperm against oxidative damage, reducing apoptosis of spermatogenic cell and inhibiting sperm aggregation. Accordingly, the objective of this review is to summarize the multifunctional roles of carnitine in male reproduction.
Animals↗
[Progress on the detection techniques for DNA integrity of sperm].
Oxidative stress, deficiencies in natural processes such as chromatin packaging and abortive apoptosis are the main factors that lead to sperm DNA damage. The DNA integrity of sperm is essential for fertilization, as well as for the normal development of the blastocyst, embryo and child. There is increasing evidence that sperm DNA anomalies may lead to infertility, abortion, stillbirth, fathead and chromosomal diseases. The routine examination of semen can not identify subtle defects in sperm DNA, so several detection techniques have been developed for estimating the DNA (nuclear DNA/mitochondria DNA) integrity of sperm, which is considered to be a better marker of male fertility potential than conventional semen parameters. This review attempts at a detailed description of these detection techniques, including their principles, methods, steps and clinical application.
Chromosome Structures↗
[Chinese periodicals indexed in MEDLINE in 2006].
For the first time, the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology published an analysis report of Chinese papers indexed in MEDLINE, which indicates that the Chinese government is paying more and more attention to the role of MEDLINE in the evaluation of scientific research. A total of 4 959 journals are listed in the Lists of Journals Indexed in MEDLINE (2006) published by National Library of Medicine, USA (NLM), of which 95 are published in China (including Hong Kong and Taiwan) and 2 another Chinese periodicals are published abroad. To familiarize MEDLINE to more medical researchers and to help them contribute to the journals indexed in MEDLINE, this article lists the top 10 Chinese medical institution whose published papers were indexed in MEDLINE in 2004 along with the Chinese periodicals indexed in MEDLINE in 2006. And the status of MEDLINE in China is briefly analyzed as well.
Bibliometrics↗
[Evaluation of the determination of seminal ACP and gamma-GT activities and correlation between seminal ACP or gamma-GT activity and semen parameters].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the determination of seminal acid phosphatase (ACP) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) activity, and analyze the correlation between seminal ACP or gamma-GT and semen parameters. METHODS: ACP and gamma-GT activities in 133 samples of seminal plasma were measured. Two of the samples were randomly selected for intra-assay, one for the detection of ACP activity and the other for gamma-GT activity. And another four were selected the same way for the same purpose, two for the detection of ACP activity and the other two for gamma-GT activity. The semen volume, pH, sperm concentration, motility, and grade-a and -b motility were analyzed by CASA system and so were the correlation between seminal ACP or gamma-GT activity and semen parameters. RESULTS: There was significant positive correlation between ACP and gamma-GT activities (r = 0.570, P = 0.000). The intra-CV of ACP was 13.72%, and inter-CVs of ACP were 13.80% and 15.49%. The intra-CV of gamma-GT was 7.68%, and inter-CVs of gamma-GT were 7.76% and 9.73%. Both seminal ACP and gamma-GT activities had significant negative correlation with pH (r = -0.330, P = 0.000 vs r = - 0. 388, P = 0.000). There was obvious correlation between gamma-GT activity and sperm concentration (r = 0.165, P = 0.045), but not between ACP activity and sperm concentration (r = 0.048, P = 0.546). Neither of seminal ACP and gamma-GT activity was correlated with sperm motility, grade-a and -b motility, semen volume, abstinence time and age. CONCLUSION: The precision of the measurement of gamma-GT activity in seminal plasma was higher than that of ACP. The correlation between seminal gamma-GT activity and semen parameters was similar to that between seminal ACP activity and semen parameters. Thus, the determination of gamma-GT activity was a more reliable marker than that of ACP activity for the evaluation of prostate function.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Increased expression of interleukin-6 by vasoactive intestinal peptide is associated with regulation of CREB, AP-1 and C/EBP, but not NF-kappaB, in mouse calvarial osteoblasts.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the related cytokines IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and oncostatin M (OSM), are potent stimulators of osteoclastic bone resorption. In the present study, we have addressed the possibility that the neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) may regulate the production of and/or sensitivity to the IL-6 family of cytokines in mouse calvarial osteoblasts. VIP stimulated IL-6 mRNA expression and protein release in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, whereas mRNA expression of the IL-6 receptor, as well as mRNA expressions of IL-11, LIF, OSM and their cognate receptors, were unaffected by VIP. In cells transfected with the IL-6 promoter coupled to luciferase, VIP increased transcriptional activity. The effects of VIP were shared by the related neuropeptide PACAP-38, belonging to the same superfamily of neuropeptides, whereas secretin did not have any effect, indicating that the effects were mediated by VPAC2 receptors. The effects of VIP were potentiated by the cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor rolipram and mimicked by forskolin, indicating the involvement of the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathway. This was further demonstrated by the facts that the stimulatory effect of VIP on luciferase activity could be reversed by the PKA inhibitors H-89 and KT5720 and was mimicked by cyclic AMP analogues selective for PKA, but not by those selective for Epac. In addition, VIP enhanced the phosphorylation of CREB, as assessed by both immunocytochemical analysis and Western blot. The DNA binding activity of nuclear extracts to C/EBP was increased by VIP, whereas binding to AP-1 was decreased. In contrast, DNA binding to NF-kappaB, as well as nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB and C/EBP, were unaffected by VIP. The mRNA expressions of C/EBPbeta, C/EBPdelta, C/EBPgamma, c-Jun, JunB, c-Fos, Fra-1 and IkappaBalpha and protein level of IkappaBalpha were all unaffected by VIP. These observations, together, demonstrate that VIP stimulates IL-6 production in osteoblasts by a mechanism likely to be mediated by VPAC2 receptors and dependent on cyclic AMP/protein kinase A/CREB activation and also involving the transcription factors C/EBP and AP-1.
3T3 Cells↗
Relationship of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans serotypes to periodontal condition: prevalence and proportions in subgingival plaque.
No study available has utilized the new classification scheme (the consensus report of the American Academy of Periodontology 1999) to determine the prevalence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in different periodontal conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate prevalence and proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes in subgingival plaque samples from a young Taiwanese population with aggressive periodontitis, chronic periodontitis and no periodontal disease. A total of 221 subgingival plaque samples from 171 diseased subjects (70 had aggressive periodontitis, and 101 had chronic periodontitis) (mean age 25.0 +/- 8.2 yr) and 50 periodontally healthy subjects (mean age 18.4 +/- 9.5 yr) were screened for A. actinomycetemcomitans. Serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans were determined by an indirect immunofluorescence assay using serotype-specific polyclonal antisera to A. actinomycetemcomitans strains ATCC 29523 (serotype a), ATCC 43728 (serotype b) and ATCC 33384 (serotype c). Prevalence (% of positive samples) of A. actinomycetemcomitans was 84.3% in aggressive periodontitis, 60.4% in chronic periodontitis, and 64.0% in periodontally healthy subjects. Proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans (mean percentage per total bacteria) in periodontally healthy subjects were significantly lower than in aggressive periodontitis subjects. The proportion of serotype b in subjects with aggressive periodontitis and subjects with chronic periodontitis were significantly greater than that in periodontally healthy subjects. The proportion of serotype c in periodontally healthy subjects was much higher than that in chronic periodontitis subjects. The results of this study suggest that prevalence and proportions of A. actinomycetemcomitans are significantly greater in patients with aggressive periodontitis than in those with chronic periodontitis. Serotype b is the predominant serotype of A. actinomycetemcomitans in patients with diseased periodontal conditions. Serotype c is a more common serotype detected in periodontally healthy subjects.
Actinobacillus Infections↗
Localization and potential function of androgen receptor in rat salivary gland.
AIM: To investigate the localization and quantity of androgen receptor (AR) in the salivary glands of rats with further analysis on the effect of castration. METHODS: Sixty male Wistar rats, aged 30-60 days, were randomly divided into three groups (castrated, sham-operated and normal controls) with 20 rats in each group. The rats in the castrated group were castrated and the submaxillary glands were removed after 1 week. The salivary glands of the rats in the sham-operated and the normal control groups were also removed. Parts of the salivary glands were fixed for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization assays. Other parts were used for Western blot. RESULTS: AR immunoreactivity in the three groups was localized in the glandular epithelial cells of the serous acinus and the glandular duct of the salivary gland, mainly in the nuclei. AR mRNA hybridization signals in the salivary glands of the castrated group were mainly distributed in the epithelial cells of the convoluted and secretary ducts; AR mRNA in the sham-operated and the normal control groups were found in the epithelial cells of the convoluted, the secretary and the excretory ducts. The quantity of AR in the salivary glands was decreased significantly in the castrated rats compared with the sham-operated and the normal controls. Moreover, epidermal growth factor (EGF) secreted by the salivary glands was also decreased in the castrated rats. CONCLUSION: Castration appears to affect the production of AR in the salivary gland and the distribution of the AR mRNA and could further affect the function of the salivary gland. The changes of AR and the distribution of AR mRNA may play an important role in the interactions between the testes and the salivary gland.
Animals↗
[Urgent need for the standardization of semen analysis among clinical andrology laboratories].
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Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
[The paternal origin of an extra chromosome 13 from the patient with patau syndrome.].
A boy was born at 38 week's gestation by Cesarean delivery . Affected newborn was characteristically bilateral cleft lip and severe cleft palate. The sternum was malformation. The sacrospinal bifida and the talipes varus were found and the testes were not descended. The boy died after delivery within 10 minutes owing to respiratory failure. Cytogenetic analysis of his peripheral lymphocyte by G banding showed a karyotype 47,XY,+13 , which was also confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The locus D13S317 was detected by the peripheral blood from the boy and the parents. Three alleles were found from the boy in locus D13S317 and two from the father. The extra chromosome 13 was from the nondisjunction during the first meiotic division of the father.
Chromosome Banding↗
[Advances in researches on drug anaphylaxis of the penis].
Anaphylaxis is one of the most common and harmful of all adverse effects of drugs. It has no direct relation to the toxicity and dosage of drugs, but belongs to the pathologic immune reaction, directly threatening patients' lives. At present, many important advances and breakthroughs have been achieved in the researches on drug anaphylaxis of the penis, but many researchers have gone hardly any further than reporting the symptoms and treatments of a few individual cases, but very few specific substantial researches on penis drug anaphylaxis.
Allergens↗