Biomedical subjects

Ying Zhao

Publications and source records attributed to Ying Zhao.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2006

[The change of mast cells and macrophages in the lung of rat with pulmonary hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the change of mast cells and macrophages in lung tissue of rats with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and the effect of simvastatin on it. METHODS: Pulmonary hypertension was established as follow, a shunt between abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava was created in rats, 8 days later, the rats were injected with monocrotaline (60 mg/kg). Moreover, a subgroup of rats were given simvastatin 2 mg/ (kg x d). The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and right ventricular weight were measured, and the ratio of right ventricle/left ventricle plus septum CRV/(LV+S)) was calculated. The LSAB method was used to stain anti-tryptase and ED1 in the lung tissue of the rats. RESULTS: In comparision with the control group, mPAP and RV/ (LV+S) of PH rats increased significantly (P<0.05). The RV/(LV+S) in simvastatin group was lower than that in PH rats (P<0.05). The amount of mast cells and macrophages in PH rats were more than that in control group (P<0.05). The amount of mast cells in simvastatin intervention group decreased in comparision with the PH group while the macrophages showed no difference in simvastatin group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Mast cells and macrophages may be involved in the development of PH and/or the lesion caused by PH accelerate the accumulation and activation of mast cell and macrophages. Simvastatin has a preventive effect on rat PH, it inhibits mast cell proliferation may be one of mechanism.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

[FTIR spectroscopic studies of hydration effect on the molecular structure of polyether urethane].

The interaction between water molecules and the polar groups in linear polyether urethane was studied by FTIR and subtraction spectroscopy technique. Direct proofs of the combining of water molecule and carbonyl group were obtained. The reorganizations of the ether linkage, carbamate, and carbon-hydrogen chain after hydration were also observed. These results suggest that the FTIR and subtraction spectroscopy technique could be a useful tool to investigate the hydration mechanism of polymer materials.

English Abstract↗

PubMed2006

[Structural study on the transparency of cross-linked polyester polyurethane].

The polyurethane material with cross-linked structure was synthesized using half pre-polymerization method. IR, UV-Vis, TEM and XRD methods, and physical properties measurements indicate that different moulding temperatures influence the apparent transparence of polyurethane and abrasive performance, and the nature of these changes is related to the conditions of processand chemical reaction which lead to gradual micro-phase separation of the polyurethane molecules with different compositions, resulting in the domain-forming with the size of sub-micro-, micro- and even more than ten micro-meters. Such domains aggregate one another to form particles with different shapes and complicated structures. The increase in the amount and size of these heterogeneous particles, distributed in the medium of transparent polyurethane, is the main cause that brings on an opaque appearance of polyurethane.

English Abstract↗

PubMed2006

[The mechanism of accumulative oxidative injury by hydrogen peroxide on human retinal pigment epithelial cells].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of oxidative injury induced by hydrogen peroxide on human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS: Cultured human RPE cells were treated by 600 micromol/L hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 1, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/Propidium iodium (Annexin V-FITC/PI) staining. The expression of clusterin was assessed by Western blot. RESULTS: (1) The treatment of RPE cells with 600 micromol/L H2O2 caused a time-dependent decrease of cellular viability. (2) Apoptosis was detected in cultured human RPE cells treated with 600 micromol/L H2O2 for 6 hours. The number of apoptotic cells reached a maximum at 24th hour after being exposed to 600 micromol/L H2O2 (P < 0.05). (3) Western blot showed the expression of clusterin protein was demonstrated in 6 hours exposure to 600 micromol/L H2O2, a significantly increasing of clusterin expression was observed overtime (P < 0.01). Thereafter the expression of clusterin protein decreased at 24th hour after being exposed to 600 micromol/L H2O2. At 72nd hour, the expression of clusterin protein was quite weak. CONCLUSION: Hydrogen peroxide can inhibits RPE proliferation and induces apoptosis and aging gene expression;the result suggest that accumulative oxidative injury induced by hydrogen peroxide in RPE in vitro may be similar to the aging changes in vivo.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed2006

[Investigation of RHD 1227A allele in five pedigrees in Zhejiang Han population].

OBJECTIVE: To analysis the genetic mode of Rh DEL phenotype and RHD 1227A allele in Zhejiang Han population through family investigations. METHODS: Rh DEL phenotypes were identified by a serologic adsorption-elution method. Two polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific prime (PCR-SSP) methods which detectED RHD 1227A allele and Rhesus hybrid box, respectively, and a nucleotide sequencing method focused on the exon 9 of RHD 1227A allele were employed to determine the zygosity of RHD allele. RESULTS: All five probands with Rh DEL phenotype harbored a RHD 1227A allele and had a RHD allele deletion, and they were RHD 1227A/RHd heterozygote. One of the parent members was found to contain a RHD 1227A allele and a normal RHD allele in pedigree 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Thus, they were RHD 1227A/RHD heterozygotes and presented normal D positive phenotype. The son of proband No 1. inherited the RHD 1227A allele and presented a normal D positive phenotype due to a RHD 1227A/RHD heterozygote; The offsprings of proband No. 2, No. 4, and No. 5 did not inherit RHD 1227A allele and presented a normal D positive phenotype. CONCLUSION: RHD 1227A allele is an important genetic marker of Rh DEL phenotype; RHD 1227A is recessive to normal RHD allele and dominant to RHd allele; RHD 1227A allele is an ancestral, but not a spontaneously mutated allele.

Alleles↗

PubMed2006

[Effect of silencing survivin gene on sensitivity of myeloma cells to adriamycin].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Survivin, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein family (IAPs), is overexpressed in many cancers, but not in normally differentiated adult tissues. It is known to be involved in poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in many cancers. This study was designed to use RNA interference technique to down-regulate the expression of survivin gene in human myeloma cell line KM3, observe its effects on apoptosis of KM3 cells and sensitivity of KM3 cells to adriamycin (ADM). METHODS: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting survivin mRNA was designed and in vitro chemosynthesized, and transfected into KM3 cells. Survivin mRNA and protein levels in KM3 cells were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot 24, 48, and 72 h after transfection. The apoptosis of KM3 cells was observed under fluorescent microscope before and after transfection. The sensitivity of KM3 cells to ADM before and after transfection was assessed. RESULTS: The mRNA level of survivin was down-regulated by (47.0+/-4.3)%, (81.4+/-6.2)%, and (49.1+/-7.9)% of control at 24, 48, and 72 h after siRNA transfection, respectively; while the protein level of survivin was down-regulated by (39.6+/-3.8)%, (56.4+/-6.7)%, and (68.2+/-5.1)% of control, respectively. Under fluorescent microscope, the apoptosis rate of KM3 cells was (28+/-7)% at 48 h after transfection of survivin siRNA, which was significantly higher than that of control cells after transfection of negative siRNA (P<0.05). The 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) of ADM to KM3 cells was decreased from (1.12+/-0.14) micromol/L to (0.31+/-0.03) micromol/L. CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of survivin expression in KM3 cells by siRNA could effectively induce apoptosis of KM3 cells and increase their sensitivity to ADM.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed2005

Enzymatic synthesis of L-ascorbyl linoleate in organic media.

A novel L-ascorbyl fatty acid ester, L-ascorbyl linoleate was successfully prepared by enzymatic esterification and transesterification in a non-aqueous medium using immobilized lipase as biocatalyst. Changes in enzymatic activity and product yield were studied for the following variable: the nature of the fatty acid, the fatty acid concentration and water content. The yield of synthesis for the C18 unsaturated fatty acids were higher than for the C18 saturated fatty acid. Initial enzyme concentration does not affect the equilibrium of the reaction. And the product yield (33.5%) in the transesterification was higher than that of the esterification (21.8%) at a high-substrate concentration 0.3 M. The medium water content was found to have a distinct influence on the L-ascorbyl linoleate synthesis.

Ascorbic Acid↗

PubMed2005

Crystallization and aggregation behaviors of calcium carbonate in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

An anionic surfactant interacts strongly with a polymer molecule to form a self-assembled structure, due to the attractive force of the hydrophobic association and electrostatic repulsion. In this crystallization medium, the surfactant-stabilized inorganic particles adsorbed on the polymer chains, as well as the bridging effect of polymer molecules, controlled the aggregation behavior of colloidal particles. In this presentation, the spontaneous precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was conducted from the aqueous systems containing a water-soluble polymer (poly(vinylpyrrolidone), PVP) and an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS). When the SDS concentrations were lower than the onset of interaction between PVP and SDS, the precipitated CaCO3 crystals were typically hexahedron-shaped calcite; the increasing SDS concentration caused the morphologies of CaCO3 aggregates to change from the flower-shaped calcite to hollow spherical calcite, then to solid spherical vaterite. These results indicate that the self-organized configurations of the polymer/surfactant supramolecules dominate the morphologies of CaCO3 aggregates, implying that this simple and versatile method expands the morphological investigation of the mineralization process.

Calcium Carbonate↗

PubMed2005

v-SNAREs control exocytosis of vesicles from priming to fusion.

SNARE proteins (soluble NSF-attachment protein receptors) are thought to be central components of the exocytotic mechanism in neurosecretory cells, but their precise function remained unclear. Here, we show that each of the vesicle-associated SNARE proteins (v-SNARE) of a chromaffin granule, synaptobrevin II or cellubrevin, is sufficient to support Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis and to establish a pool of primed, readily releasable vesicles. In the absence of both proteins, secretion is abolished, without affecting biogenesis or docking of granules indicating that v-SNAREs are absolutely required for granule exocytosis. We find that synaptobrevin II and cellubrevin differentially control the pool of readily releasable vesicles and show that the v-SNARE's amino terminus regulates the vesicle's primed state. We demonstrate that dynamics of fusion pore dilation are regulated by v-SNAREs, indicating their action throughout exocytosis from priming to fusion of vesicles.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Cloning and expression analysis of gonadogenesis-associated gene SPATA4 from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Gonadogenesis is a complicated process which involves multi-gene interactions. A rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gene spermatogenesis associated 4 (SPATA4) was cloned and characterized from adult rainbow trout testis. The cDNA sequence of rainbow trout SPATA4 contains an open reading frame of 1, 081 nucleatides encoding a putative protein of 259 amino acids. The putative protein from rainbow trout shares a 76.8% homology with zebrafish SPATA4. No trans-membrane regions or signal peptide were detected using bioinformatics methods. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that rainbow trout SPATA4 was a nuclear protein with highest possibility (39.1%). Multi-tissue reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to examine the distribution of rainbow trout SPATA4 in eleven organs of adult rainbow trout. The result demonstrated that this gene express specifically in testis and slight amount of expression was detected in ovary. Further analysis of SPATA4 characterization and function in rainbow trout may provide insight into the understanding of gonadogenesis process.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Cloning and characterization of zebra fish SPATA4 gene and analysis of its gonad specific expression.

The spermatogenesis associated 4 gene (SPATA4, previously named TSARG2) was first cloned in human tissues and was reported to be a candidate spermatocyte apoptosis-related gene that is expressed specifically in testis. Analysis of SPATA4 expression and regulation in zebra fish may provide insight into the understanding of the complicated process of gonadogenesis. In this study, we cloned and characterized the SPATA4 gene from zebra fish (Danio rerio), which is homologous to human and mouse SPATA4. Zebra fish SPATA4 consists of six exons separated by five introns, as all SPATA4 genes in vertebrates. A promoter region was predicted using homologous blast and cloned for further study, and possible transcription factors were analyzed in this region. The putative protein encoded by this gene was analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Multi-tissue RT-PCR results demonstrated that the zebra fish SPATA4 gene is expressed specifically in testis and slightly in ovary. Analysis of the SPATA4 sequence and its spatial expression pattern indicate that this gene is highly conserved and may play an important role in the process of zebra fish gonadogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed2005

Epigenetic-mediated upregulation of progesterone receptor B gene in endometrial cancer cell lines.

OBJECTIVES: To determine if epigenetic interference can restore progesterone receptor-B (PR-B) expression in PR-B negative endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines, and to characterize the kinetics of PR-B induction mediated by DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors. METHODS: The PR-B negative endometrioid cancer cell lines KLE and HEC-1B were used as study models. PR-B mRNA and protein expression levels were measured using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. DNA methylation levels of the PR-B promoter were determined by methylation-specific PCR. Dose-response correlations and the duration of response to aza-deoxycytidine (ADC) and trichostatin A (TSA) were characterized. Cell responses to prolonged and repeated drug treatment were also examined. RESULTS: Relatively low concentrations of ADC and TSA over a 24-h period induced PR-B expression. Furthermore, ADC and TSA acted synergistically to reactivate PR-B expression. Depending on the cell line used, PR-B mRNA was induced 10-110 fold. This elevated PR-B expression continued for 48 h after drug withdrawal. Sustained upregulation of PR-B mRNA and protein was observed during prolonged and repeated drug treatment. CONCLUSION: The epigenetically silenced PR-B gene remains sensitive to changes in DNA demethylation and histone acetylation in uterine adenocarcinoma cell lines. Treatment with ADC and/or TSA results in a robust and sustainable PR-B upregulation. These small molecule epigenetic modifying agents may be used to sensitize poorly differentiated, PR-B negative endometrial cancers to progestational therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2005

Helicobacter pylori heat-shock protein 60 induces production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL8 in monocytic cells.

Interleukin 8 (IL8) is usually produced in both epithelial and monocytic cells during bacterial infections, causing inflammation. Helicobacter pylori induces production of IL8 from gastric epithelial cells via its cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) system, LPS and outer-membrane protein. In some bacteria, heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60) also elicits a strong pro-inflammatory response in cells of the innate immune system. Three recombinant H. pylori HSP60 (rHSP60) proteins of different sizes were produced and one of these was used to raise two monoclonal antibodies (2E7 and 7B5). IL8 production was found to be induced in cultured monocytic cells treated with H. pylori cells or rHSP60 proteins, as measured by ELISA, and the amount of IL8 produced was dose-dependent. Pre-incubation of H. pylori cells or rHSP60 preparations with the antibody 2E7 significantly inhibited IL8 production from monocytic cells. These results indicated that HSP60 is closely associated with IL8 production in monocytic cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Lithium enhances secretion from large dense-core vesicles in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells.

Considerable attention has been focused on the therapeutic role of lithium (Li) in bipolar disorders. Although no consensus has emerged, Li presumably influences the behavior of neurons that regulate mood and behavior. Using PC12 cells to study cellular and molecular actions of Li, we previously reported that Li modulates the expression of proteins associated with large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs; organelles typically containing monoamines, neuropeptides and other cargo proteins). The current investigation indicates that this enhanced expression of LDCV proteins correlates with an altered secretory phenotype in Li-treated cells. Immunoblotting detects significant increases in the cellular content and secretion of the LDCV cargo proteins chromogranin B and secretogranin II. Amperometry reveals an increase of spike number elicited by K+-depolarization of Li-treated cells but no change of spike amplitude or kinetics. Electron microscopy reveals no significant change in LDCV number per unit area in Li-treated cells. However, there is a significant increase (about 15%) in the diameter of LDCVs after Li. Thus, Li induces changes in the properties of LDCVs that culminate in augmented regulated secretion in nerve growth factor-differentiated PC12 cells. These results extend our understanding of Li-dependent changes of cellular function that may be germane to the therapeutic action of Li.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Overexpression of QM induces cell differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1.

It has been reported that QM was highly expressed by cells isolated from epiphyseal cartilage as opposed to proliferative chondrocytes. In vitro investigation of the expression of QM revealed higher QM expression in nonmineralizing osteoblast and pericyte cultures as compared with mineralizing cultures. These evidences suggest that QM may play an essential role in cell differentiation before mineralization. However, our research results showed that QM overexpression in MC3T3-E1 enhanced cell differentiation and mineralization. In this study, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and nodule mineralization were increased in MC3T3-E1 from QM overexpression cultures relative to normal expression QM cultures. RT-PCR revealed upregulation of the marker genes type I collagen, ALP, osteocalcin, osterix and BMP-2 and a slight decrease of a negative regulator osteopontin. These results suggest that the increasing of QM expression could stimulate osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed2005

Data clustering in life sciences.

Clustering has a wide range of applications in life sciences and over the years has been used in many areas ranging from the analysis of clinical information, phylogeny, genomics, and proteomics. The primary goal of this article is to provide an overview of the various issues involved in clustering large biological datasets, describe the merits and underlying assumptions of some of the commonly used clustering approaches, and provide insights on how to cluster datasets arising in various areas within life sciences. We also provide a brief introduction to CLUTO, a general purpose toolkit for clustering various datasets, with an emphasis on its applications to problems and analysis requirements within life sciences.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

[Vaginal paravaginal repair in treatment of severe anterior vaginal prolapse and cystocele].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the rationality, efficacy and safety of vaginal paravaginal repair (VPVR) in treating anterior vaginal prolapse and cystocele. METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive women with stage II to IV and grade II-III anterior vaginal prolapse and cystocele evaluated by pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) and Baden-Walker half way system were treated by VPVR. One hundred and one concomitant procedures for reconstructive pelvic surgery were also performed. The VPVR consisted of a thorough entry from the vesicovaginal space under the inferior pubic ramus into the retropubic space, exposing the area of the arcus tendineus fascia pelvis (ATFP), placing nonabsorbable sutures around ATFP on either side and fixed to appropriate locations on the bladder fascia and anterior vaginal walls. Tying of these sutures resulted in dramatic elevation of the lateral superior sulci, as well as prolapsed vesica. Patients were followed up after operation. The cure rate was estimated subjectively and objectively, according to POP-Q and Baden-Walker half way system. RESULTS: All patients had their surgery completed by VPVR. The average operative time was 40 min and estimated blood loss was 70 ml. Two minor intraoperative hemorrhage occurred during dissection of retropubic space and there were no other complications. No morbidity after operation was observed either. Postoperatively, two patients developed obstructive voiding and urinary retention. One recovered completely in a few days, the other has improved slowly for 2 months. Patients were followed up for 2 - 14 months. Two patients with asymptomatic stage I or grade I cystocele were found by examination between 2 and 6 months after operation. Our objective cure rate was 92% and subjective cure rate was 100% respectively at a mean of 6 months after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Since VPVR can restore the normal lateral attachment of the pubocervical fascia to pelvic side wall at ATFP, it is a reasonable, safe and effective procedure to correct severe anterior vaginal prolapse and cystocele.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Study on apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with RNA interference targeting hTERT].

AIM: To study the induction of tumor cell apoptosis by RNA interference-mediated inhibition of the expression of telomerase in cancer cells. METHODS: HeLa cells were transfected with the successfully established siRNA(small interfering RNA) expression vectors targeting hTERT (human telomerase reverse transcriptase). By electronic microscopy, Western blot and FCM (flow cytometry), the apoptosis of HeLa cells was tested. RESULTS: The established siRNA expression vectors could induce apoptosis of HeLa cells. CONCLUSION: Transfection of siRNA expression vectors targeting hTERT can induce apoptosis of HeLa cells.

Animals↗