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Biomedical subjects

Y Yui

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yui.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adaptations of the left ventricle to chronic volume overload induced by mitral regurgitation in conscious dogs.

To assess the time-course of adaptive responses of the left ventricle to chronic volume overload, dogs were instrumented with a left ventricular (LV) micromanometer and pairs of ultrasonic crystals for the measurement of LV wall thickness (WTh), LV chamber diameter (D), and longitudinal segment length (L). Following a control study, mitral regurgitation (MR) was created by a transventricular section of the chordae tendineae. Heart rate was controlled during each study by atrial pacing. Plasma norepinephrine levels at rest were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Eight days (mean) after the onset of MR, enddiastolic (ED) D had increased by 9% from 34.2 +/- 2.4 mm (SEM) (P less than 0.001), with significant thinning of the wall thickness (from 8.2 to 7.7 mm, P less than 0.001). Consequently the calculated cross-sectional area (CSA) of the left ventricular wall remained the same. Peak wall stress (WSt) and EDWSt increased by 20% and 152%, respectively. During the subsequent 4 weeks, EDD progressively increased, averaging 11% above the control at 4 weeks, while EDWTh returned to the control level. Thus, the development of hypertrophy was clearly evidenced by an increase in CSA (by 8% over the control, P less than 0.001). These changes were accompanied by a consistent reduction in both peak WSt and EDWSt. Mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (meanVcf) and percentage shortening were significantly augmented following the onset of MR and remained at the same level thereafter, indicating no further use of the Frank-Starling mechanisms during chronic ventricular dilation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1985

Lactate metabolism in acute myocardial infarction and its relation to regional ventricular performance.

Myocardial metabolism was assessed in 20 patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction using lactate uptake (defined as (aortic lactate - great cardiac venous lactate)/aortic lactate X 100) as an index. The regional ejection fraction of the anterior wall was obtained from left ventriculography. There was a linear relation between lactate uptake and regional ejection fraction (r = 0.79, p less than 0.001). Four patients without total occlusion in the infarct vessel had a higher lactate uptake (19.6 +/- 6.7 versus 4.2 +/- 13.4%, p less than 0.05) and regional ejection fraction (26.3 +/- 7.9 versus 14.9 +/- 7.0%, p less than 0.05) than did 16 patients with total occlusion. The latter group of patients underwent intracoronary infusion of urokinase, which resulted in reperfusion in 13 patients. Lactate uptake before urokinase infusion (sample I), just after reperfusion (sample II), 30 minutes after reperfusion (sample III) and 4 weeks after reperfusion (sample IV) was 5.7 +/- 13.2, -13.9 +/- 14.7, 2.9 +/- 15.2 and 20.2 +/- 11.0%, respectively (sample I versus II and II versus III, p less than 0.01; sample I versus IV and III versus IV, p less than 0.05). The decrease in lactate uptake immediately after reperfusion, which was accompanied by an increase in creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme release into the blood, was considered to be the result of a "washout" effect. Lactate uptake was ameliorated 4 weeks later, accompanied by an improvement (from 15.1 +/- 7.1 to 23.4 +/- 7.2%, p less than 0.01) in the regional ejection fraction. It is concluded that the degree of asynergy was closely related to the extent of metabolic deterioration in myocardial infarction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Increased generation of leukotriene C4 from eosinophils in asthmatic patients.

Human eosinophils with a density of over 1.095 were isolated from peripheral blood by dextran sedimentation, centrifugation with Lymphoprep and density gradients with Percoll. After the cells (1 X 10(5)/ml) were incubated with 1 microgram/ml calcium ionophore A23187 for 20 min, leukotriene C4 (LTC4) content in the supernatant was measured by radioimmunoassay. The generation of LTC4 was significantly higher in the cells from extrinsic asthmatics (23.5 +/- 14.8 ng/10(6) cells, mean +/- SD, n = 26, P less than 0.01) and intrinsic asthmatics (24.6 +/- 20.6 ng/10(6) cells, n = 27, P less than 0.01 as compared with normal healthy subjects (8.3 +/- 7.7 ng/10(6) cells, n = 10). There was no significant difference in the generation of LTC4 between intrinsic and extrinsic asthmatics. These observations indicate that eosinophils from asthmatic patients have increased ability to release LTC4.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Release of leukotriene C4 from human eosinophils and its relation to the cell density.

Human eosinophils and neutrophils were isolated from 20 ml of peripheral blood by dextran sedimentation, centrifugation with lymphoprep, and density gradient centrifugation with Percoll. The incubation of neutrophils of purity higher than 99% (density: 1.080-1.085 g/ml) with calcium ionophore A23187 for 20 min resulted in the release of a little amount of leukotriene C4 (2.3 +/- 0.6 ng/10(6) cells) as measured with a commercial radioimmunoassay kit. On the other hand, the release from eosinophils was over 10 times that from neutrophils. When the releasability of leukotriene C4 from eosinophils was examined in relation to the cell density, the eosinophils with lower density were observed to produce greater amounts of leukotriene C4.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1985

A new stable prostacyclin analogue OP41483 (15-cyclopentyl-omega-pentanor-5(E)-carbacyclin).

Effects of a new stable prostacyclin analogue OP41483 (15-cyclopentyl-omega-pentanor-5(E)-carbacyclin) on platelet aggregation, plasma thromboxane B2 levels, hemodynamic parameters, and clinical safety were studied. Normal volunteers received intravenous infusions of OP41483 at doses of 2.5 (n = 3), 5.0 (n = 3), 10 (n = 3), and 20 (n = 5) ng/kg/min for one hour. During infusion, ADP (adenosine diphosphate)-induced platelet aggregation decreased significantly, and blood pressure decreased slightly, but plasma thromboxane B2 levels did not change significantly. The intravenous infusion of OP41483 at the dose of 10 ng/kg/min for one hour over three successive days was performed. During the each infusion, platelet aggregation and mean blood pressure decreased significantly.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acute myocardial infarction associated with systemic lupus erythematosus documented by coronary arteriograms.

A 19-year-old man with untreated systemic lupus erythematosus had an acute myocardial infarction. A coronary arteriogram five hours after the onset of symptoms revealed total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Reperfusion was achieved by coronary thrombolytic therapy with urokinase. Four weeks later, a coronary arteriogram showed only minimal luminal irregularities at the original site of occlusion, where significant reduction in diameter could be induced by ergonovine maleate. This case suggests that coronary arterial involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus may be related to coronary arterial spasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of surgical treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Prostatectomy was performed on 300 patients at our Hospital for the period of 5 years from January 1978 to December 1982. Among those cases, clinical evaluation was made on 290 patients whose medical records were available. Ages of the subjects ranged from 53 to 92 years with an average age at 71.6. Retropubic prostatectomy (RPP) was performed on 81 cases, and suprapubic prostatectomy (SPP) and transurethral resection of prostate (TUR) on 39 and 170 cases, respectively. Surgery was made on 206 cases under epidural anesthesia, 82 cases under spinal anesthesia, and 2 cases under general anesthesia. Preoperative laboratory tests showed abnormalities in 62% of the total. The most frequent preoperative complications were circulatory abnormality and urinary tract infection. Average surgical time was 78.6 min. for RPP, 69.8 min. for SPP, and 76.9 min. for TUR. Average blood volume transfused during operation was 446.3 ml for RPP, 430.8 ml for SPP, and 80.7 ml for TUR. Average period of catheter retention after surgery was 9.2 days for RPP, 10.1 days for SPP, and 4.9 days for TUR. Average postoperative admission period was 18.6 days for RPP, 20.6 days for SPP, and 14.1 days for TUR. Average weight of the isolated adenoma was 41.8 g for RPP, 30.2 g for SPP, 11.5 g for TUR. Postoperative complications such as epididymitis, traumatic infection, and hepatic dysfunction were often found. Latent prostatic carcinoma found in the isolated adenoma was found in 11 cases (3.8%). The presence of anomalies in preoperative laboratory findings did not influence the frequency of postoperative complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[A case of signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder].

A 60-year-old female complained of gross hematuria and urinary frequency on November 27th, 1982. Cystoscopic examination revealed papillary invasive tumor around the bladder neck and a transurethral biopsy showed signet ring cell carcinoma. Since there was no adenocarcinoma in any other organs, we diagnosed it as primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Total cystectomy with ileal conduit and post-operative irradiation were performed, but she died on May 13th, 1983. We summarize 16 cases of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder including this case and discuss this rare condition.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1985

[A case of renal cell carcinoma difficult to diagnose preoperatively because of hypovascular findings].

A 35-year-old man visited our out-patient clinic with the chief complaint of macroscopic hematuria. After admission to the hospital, examinations by CT scan, renal angiography, etc. revealed a hypovascular space-occupying lesion in the right kidney, but no definite diagnosis could be made; blood findings such as accentuated alpha 2-globulin and raised LDH suggested the possibility of malignancy; and right nephrectomy was performed. In view of the preoperative X-ray findings together with postoperative pathological findings, papillary renal cell carcinoma was suspected intensively. Some discussion was made on the differentiation of lesions of hypovascular to avascular tumors and the reliability of image diagnosis based on CT scan, angiography, and other methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Male adenomatoid tumor: report of two cases and a review of 100 cases in Japan].

Two cases of adenomatoid tumor are reported. The patients visited our hospital because of a painless mass in the scrotum. Preoperative diagnoses were epididymal tuberculosis in the first case and epididymal tumor in the second case. Removal of tumors were performed and histological diagnoses were adenomatoid tumor of the epididymis in both cases. One hundred cases of male adenomatoid tumor which have been reported in Japan are discussed and reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A clinical study on tumor of the renal pelvis and the ureter].

The 39 cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors treated in our hospital from 1974 to 1983, were reviewed retrospectively. The 39 cases included 15 renal pelvic tumors, 21 ureter tumors and 3 ureteropelvic tumors. The incidence of these tumors was 0.15% among all new outpatients. Sex distribution was 25 males to 14 females, and mean age was 65.2 years old. Hematuria was the most frequent initial symptom and chief complaint. Of the patients, 28.6% had come to our hospital within one month after their initial symptoms appeared. "Filling defect", an important finding of IVP and RP, was revealed most frequently. The positive rate of urine cytology was 33.4%. Histological examination revealed 14 transitional cell carcinoma and 1 papilloma of 15 renal pelvic tumors and 19 transitional cell carcinoma, 1 polyp and 1 metastatic adenocarcinoma of 21 ureter tumors. Operative therapy was performed on 36 patients; 26 by nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy. Vesical recurrence rate was 18.9%. The 5-year survival rate was 37.4% on renal pelvic tumor and 40.7% on ureter tumor. The factors, high grade, high stage, and ureteropelvic double tumor, which reflect the specificity of the malignant potential, also affected prognosis. In conclusion, post-operative adjuvant therapy was thought to be valuable in the near future.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical study of ureteral polyp: three cases report and review].

Three cases of ureteral polyp are reported. The first case was an adult fibrous polyp. The second was the first report as a single, lower ureteral polyp in a child in Japan. The third was a granulomatous polyp accompanied by ureteral stones. About 130 cases of ureteral polyp have been reported in Japan. Although it has been classified into 4 to 7 histological types, the concept of ureteral polyp itself is confusing as its origin remains controversial.

Child↗