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Biomedical subjects

Y Yui

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yui.

178 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Relationship between the results of skin, conjunctival and bronchial tests and RAST with Candida albicans in patients with asthma.

The results of the skin, conjunctival and inhalation tests and RAST with Candida antigen were compared with each other in patients with bronchial asthma. The correlation coefficient between the skin test and RAST was 0.50 (P less than 0.01). The correlation coefficient between the skin test, RAST and the inhalation tests was 0.36 (P less than 0.01) and 0.57 (P less than 0.01). The positive agreement of the inhalation test to the skin test, RAST and the conjunctival test was 77, 86 and 93% respectively. In this study the conjunctival test was thought to be the best method in place of the inhalation test. There was no significant relation between the serum IgE concentration and the endpoint of the skin titration testing, and a low correlation was noticed between the serum IgE concentration and RAST counts (r = 0.36).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Anti-mite IgE antibody production in vitro by peripheral blood lymphocytes from mite-sensitive atopic patients.

Anti-mite IgE antibody production in vitro was investigated using peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from mite-sensitive patients with bronchial asthma. Preculture of PBL with the mite antigen, which induced the remarkable cell proliferation, resulted in a marked decrease of the IgE antibody production directed to mite but not to unrelated antigens. Anti-mite IgE antibody formation was not inhibited by autologous or allogeneic T cells stimulated with the mite antigen. The spontaneous production of IgE antibody was observed when fractionated B cells were cultured alone or with pokeweed mitogen (PWM), but was suppressed when they were precultured with the antigen. Coculture of autologous T cells with B cells showed a considerable augmentation of anti-mite IgE antibody formation. The enhancing activity of autologous T cells was not observed when B cells were irradiated at 1,000 rad. The spontaneous IgE antibody production by B cells alone was radioresistant. Both mitotic inhibitors and 1,000 to 2,000 rad of gama-irradiation did not significantly suppress the spontaneous anti-mite IgE antibody production by B cells.

Antigens↗
PubMed1980

Reappearance of beriberi heart disease in Japan. A study of 23 cases.

Twenty-three Japanese patients with beriberi heart disease, 17 of them teenagers, were studied. The recent tendency for teenagers to take excessive sweet carbonated soft drinks, instant noodles and powermill-polished rice readily induces relative thiamine deficiency. A sudden increase in thiamine requirements due to strenuous exercise can result in overt beriberi heart disease. Alcohol had nothing to do with the development of the disease. Characteristic features commonly seen in teenage patients include peripheral edema, low peripheral vascular resistance, increased venous pressure enlarged heart, T wave abnormalities, hyperkinetic circulatory state and increased circulating blood volume. Thiamine deficiency was confirmed by a decrease in blood thiamine concentration, a decrease in erythrocyte transketolase activity and an increase in thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect. Improvement was rapidly achieved with thiamine administration, balanced nutrition and rest, especially in the teenage patients. Increased circulating blood volume was useful in differentiating beriberi heart disease from hyperthyroidism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Furosemide-induced thiamine deficiency.

Male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups: group 1, thiamine sufficient diet (control); group 2, thiamine sufficient diet with intraperitoneal administration of furosemide (20 mg . kg-1 of body weight); group 3, thiamine deficient diet; group 4, thiamine deficient diet within tra-peritoneal administration of furosemide. After 4 weeks, the rats were killed and the thiamine levels and activity of transketolase were assayed. Thiamine concentration and transketolase activity were significantly decreased and thiamine pyrophosphate effect was significantly increased in the blood, and various tissues in group 2 and 4 compared with group 1 and 3, respectively. The intraperitoneal administration of various concentrations of furosemide (20 mg, 10 mg, and 2 mg . kg-1 of body weight) resulted in a significant increase in urinary thiamine excretion. Thus, it is assumed that long-term administration of furosemide could induce a thiamine deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Liquid-chromatographic determination of norepinephrine and epinephrine in human plasma.

We describe a "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic method for measuring picogram amounts of norepinephrine and epinephrine simultaneously in human plasma. Alumina-treated samples are injected onto a strong cation-exchange column (Zipax SCX) for the separation of catecholamines, with a sodium phosphate buffer/acetonitrile mixture as mobile phase. The separated catecholamines then enter a continuous-flow system and the reagents for the trihydroxyindole reaction are added sequentially; the fluorescent products are then measured with a spectrofluorophotometer. Analytical recoveries from plasma averaged 66% for norepinephrine, 68% for epinephrine. Amount and response (peak height) were linearly related up to 1000 pg. For catecholamines in human plasma, within-run and day-to-day CV's were 0.2% and 1.0%, respectively, for norepinephrine, and 0.3% and 0.9%, respectively, for epinephrine. Average values for norepinephrine and epinephrine in apparently normal human plasma were 185 +/- 29 ng/L and 32 +/- 8 ng/L, respectively (mean +/- SEM, n = 10). This relatively rapid and highly sensitive system is suitable for routine use.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1977

Multivalent induction of biodegradative threonine deaminase.

To determine the inducer(s) of the biodegradative threonine deaminase in Escherichia coli, the effects of various amino acids on the synthesis of this enzyme were investigated. The complex medium used hitherto for the enzyme induction can be completely replaced by a synthetic medium composed of 18 natural amino acids. In this synthetic medium, the omission of each of the seven amino acids threonine, serine, aspartic acid, methionine, valine, leucine, and arginine resulted in the greatest loss of enzyme formation. These seven amino acids did not significantly influence the uptake of other amino acids into the cells. Furthermore, they did not stimulate the conversion of inactive enzyme into an active form, since they did not affect the enzyme level in cells in which protein synthesis was inhibited by chloramphenicol. Threonine, serine, aspartic acid, and methionine failed to stimulate enzyme production in cells in which messenger ribonucleic acid synthesis was arrested by rifampin, whereas valine, leucine, and arginine stimulated enzyme synthesis under the same conditions. Therefore, the first four amino acids appear to act as inducers of the biodegradative threonine deaminase in E. coli and the last three amino acids appear to be amplifiers of enzyme production. The term "multivalent induction" has been proposed for this type of induction, i.e., enzyme induction only by the simultaneous presence of several amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential expression of three types of nitric oxide synthase in both infarcted and non-infarcted left ventricles after myocardial infarction in the rat.

In the present report we investigated the differential expression of three types of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the left ventricle after myocardial infarction in rats. One, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days (n=6-12 for each group) after ligation of a coronary artery, tissue samples were obtained from infarcted and non-infarcted tissues. The mRNA and protein levels of neuronal (n) NOS, endothelial (e) NOS and inducible (i) NOS were sequentially determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Progressive left ventricular dilatation and gradual reduction in fractional shortening were confirmed by echocardiography. The expression levels of nNOS were significantly increased 1, 3 and 7 days post-infarct compared to those of sham-operated rats in both the infarcted (P<0.01) and non-infarcted regions (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that nNOS was localized in nerve fibers in the left ventricle and that the number of positive fibers after myocardial infarction had increased compared to that in sham-operated rats. With regard to eNOS, no significant changes in expression levels were detected between infarcted hearts and sham-operated controls. The level of iNOS expression peaked three days post-infarct and then decreased in the infarcted tissue, whereas it increased one day post-infarct, peaked at 14 and 28 days post-infarct and was still elevated in the chronic stage in the ventricular septum. iNOS immunoreactivity was detected in spared cardiomyocytes and macrophages in the infarcted region, and in cardiomyocytes in the ventricular septum. The expressions of three types of NOS were differentially regulated and iNOS produced in the non-infarcted region may contribute to the progression of heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats.

Animals↗