Background field method: Alternative way of deriving the pinch technique's results.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Yasui
Publications and source records attributed to Y Yasui.
Descending projections from the superior colliculus to the reticular formation around the motor trigeminal nucleus and the parvicellular reticular formation of the medulla oblongata in the rat.
We observed by the anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques in the rat that the lateral part of the superior colliculus (SC), where the nigrotectal fibers from the dorsolateral part of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) terminated, sent projection fibers to the reticular region around the motor trigeminal nucleus (RFmt) and parvicellular reticular formation (RFp) of the medulla oblongata, where many premotor neurons for the orofacial motor nuclei were known to be distributed. The SC neurons sending their axons to the RFmt and RFp were mainly located in the stratum griseum intermedium, and additionally in the stratum griseum profundum. Our results suggest that neuronal signals conveyed through the nigro-tecto-bulbar pathway to the RFmt and RFp may exert control influences upon oral behavior.
Animals↗
A high alpha-linolenate diet suppresses antigen-induced immunoglobulin E response and anaphylactic shock in mice.
Mice were fed for 2 mo diets having ratios of alpha-linolenate [18:3 (n-3)] to linoleate [18:2(n-6)] of < 0.01, 0.36, 1.0 and 3.9. Proportions of safflower seed oil and perilla seed oil were adjusted to obtain these ratios. The dietary alpha-linolenate to linoleate balance was reflected in the proportion of (n-3) and (n-6) highly unsaturated fatty acids with 20- and 22-carbon chains in spleen phospholipids, but the ratio did not affect the proportion of T lymphocyte subsets expressing CD4 and CD8 antigens in splenic leukocytes. The immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM responses against sheep red blood cells when estimated as plaque-forming cells present in spleen, were not affected significantly by the diets. However, the serum hemagglutinin titer was slightly but significantly higher in the high alpha-linolenate diet group [18:3(n-3)/18:2(n-6) = 3.9] than in the dietary group with 18:3(n-3) to 18:2(n-6) ratios of 0.36 and < 0.01. In contrast, the IgE antibody response against egg albumin, as well as the mortality from anaphylactic shock induced by a second challenge with antigen, was significantly lower in the high alpha-linolenate diet group [18:3(n-3)/18:2(n-6) = 3.9] than in the high linoleate diet [18:3(n-3)/18:2(n-6) < 0.01] group. These results, together with the reported suppressive effects of a high alpha-linolenate diet on the formation of lipid-derived allergic mediators, support the hypothesis that raising the (n-3) to (n-6) ratios of diets would be effective in reducing the severity of immediate-type allergic hypersensitivity.
Anaphylaxis↗
Action spectrum for bergamot-oil phototoxicity measured by sunburn cell counting.
The present study investigated the phototoxic effect of bergamot oil and its photosensitive component, bergapten, on sunburn cell (SBC) production in guinea pig skin. The back skin was pretreated with bergamot oil or bergapten and exposed to monochromatic light under various conditions. After irradiation, skin specimens were excised, and histological sections were prepared. The number of sunburn cells in the interfollicular epidermis was counted. The SBC formation by bergamot oil or bergapten plus UVB radiation was the same as that without pretreatment with any photosensitizer. In contrast, a significant number of SBCs were induced by bergamot oil or bergapten plus UVA radiation, but no SBCs were found after the treatment with UVA alone. The result indicates that bergamot oil or bergapten was photosensitized by UVA irradiation. The SBCs were linearly increased in a UV-dose dependent manner. On the basis of the regression lines, an action spectrum and spectral peak for the photosensitizers plus UVA were obtained. The action spectrum for bergamot oil- and bergapten-induced SBC formation was in the ranges of 325-365 nm and 325-350 nm, and their spectral peaks were at 335-345 nm and 335-350 nm, respectively. The data are in good accordance with those estimated from skin erythema reactions. Therefore, counting SBCs is a very useful parameter for quantitative evaluation of phototoxicity.
5-Methoxypsoralen↗
Distribution of substance P immunoreactive nerve fibers in the tracheal submucosal gland of cats.
Immunohistochemistry combined with electron microscopy was employed to investigate the distribution of substance P-immunoreactive (SP-IR) nerve fibers in the tracheal submucosal gland of cats. The SP-IR nerve fibers were found to form a network around the glands. Numerous varicosities were also detected within the basement membrane of the acini and secretory tubules. All the intraglandular varicosities showed close spatial contact with serous cells, mucous cells, and myoepithelial cells. Our findings suggest that substance P-induced mucus secretion from tracheal submucosal glands in cats may be caused not only by a glandular contractile response of myoepithelial cells, but also by direct stimulation to both serous and mucous cells.
Animals↗
[Partial resection of superior vena cava using two stage venous return catheter for a new application].
A case of invasive lung cancer was reported, in which operation partial resection and reconstruction of the invaded superior vena cava (SVC) was performed. During procedure in SVC, a two stage venous return catheter, which is ordinary used in cardiac operations, was used as a temporary SVC-right atrial internal bypass. This new application of the catheter was convenient and effective for resection and reconstruction of SVC.
Aged↗
Neurons in the intertrigeminal region of the rat send projection fibers to the superior colliculus.
A retrograde WGA-HRP and anterograde PHA-L study in the rat indicated that many neurons in the intertrigeminal region (ITR) sent their axons to the superior colliculus (SC), bilaterally with a clear-cut contralateral dominance. These neurons were small to medium in size and their axons terminated in the lateral part of the SC, especially in the stratum griseum intermedium.
Animals↗
Cloning of the mouse cDNA encoding DNA topoisomerase I and chromosomal location of the gene.
The mouse cDNA encoding DNA topoisomerase I (TopoI) was cloned and the nucleotide sequence of 3512 bp was determined. The cDNA clone contained an open reading frame encoding a protein of 767 amino acids (aa), which is 2 aa longer than its human counterpart. Overall aa sequence homology between the mouse and human, and between the mouse and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) sequences was 96% and 42%, respectively. The mouse TopI gene was mapped at position 54.5 on chromosome 2 from linkage analyses of a three-point cross test with Geg, Ada, and a as marker genes.
3T3 Cells↗
Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies of substance P in guinea pig nasal glands.
The distribution of substance P-like immunoreactive (SP-IR) nerve endings in the nasal gland of the guinea pig was studied by using histochemical techniques to detect mucous glycoprotein and immunohistochemical techniques for SP, in combination with electron microscopy. Most nasal glands were negative for both AB and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. The SP-IR nerve fibers were found to form a network around these glands. The SP-IR nerve endings were located in the region between interdigitated cytoplasmic folds of acinar cells and along the cell surface, as well as in the intercellular spaces of proximal ducts. The acini which closely contacted with SP-IR nerve endings were serous in type. Our results suggest that substance P may contribute to the regulation of serous gland secretion in the guinea pig nasal mucosa.
Animals↗
[CSF in laboratory medicine].
The effect of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) on patients with malignant lymphoma was analyzed. G-CSF was administered for ten days after conventional chemotherapy causing an increase in the granulocyte and monocyte counts. The increase in these cells shortened the duration of a leukocyte count lower than 2000 or 3000/mm3. There were no detectable effects from G-CSF on other blood cells. M-CSF had no effect on any of these cells. Receptors of these cytokines on various types of leukemic cells were also analyzed by flow-cytometry using fluorescent isothianate-labelled G-CSF or M-CSF. With this simplified method, G-CSF receptors were detected on almost all of the myeloid acute leukemia cells, but not on the nonmyeloid leukemic cells. M-CSF receptors were also detected on all of the monocytic acute leukemic cells, but not on myelocytic or lymphocytic leukemic cells.
Acute Disease↗
[Standardization in flow cytometry].
Analysis of lymphocyte subsets and determination of leukemic cells by flow cytometry has now become an important clinical test. With recent technological developments, reliability was improved and the procedure became easier. To establish quality assurance procedures for flow cytometry, standardization is necessary. In the United States, the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) has been working actively and has published several tentative guidelines. However, in Japan, such work lags behind that in western countries. The results of quality control surveys show that differences in data exist among instruments and laboratories. To minimize such differences, nation-wide surveillance must be established. Also, efforts should be made to establish reference methods and reference materials that will lead to standardized results. We hope standardization will ensure precision and accuracy in flow cytometric results in clinical laboratories.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
[Isospora belli infection in a patient with adult T cell leukemia].
A 53-year-old man was hospitalized for the development of watery diarrhea associated with decreased appetite and progressive weight loss and was found to have leukocytosis. The white blood cell count was 14,600/microliters with 66 percent abnormal lymphocytes. Serum anti-HTLV-I was positive and monoclonal insertion of HTLV-I provirus into the atypical cell genome was confirmed with the southern blotting hybridization technique. A diagnosis of ATL was made. Examination of fresh stool specimens revealed Isospora belli (I. belli) oocysts. Initial treatment for I. belli consisted of oral trimethoprim 160mg and sulfamethoxazole 400mg given twice daily for nine days. Diarrhea ceased within 2 days of the start of treatment, but I. belli oocysts were again detected after 20 days. Trimethoprim 160mg and sulfamethoxazole 400mg were reinstituted four times daily for 10 days, and then twice daily for 21 days. The clinical response was again dramatic, with rapid clearance of oocysts from the stool. There has been no recurrence of diarrhea. The patient's leukemia was refractory to chemotherapy; the white blood cell count continued to rise, pneumonia developed, and the patient died. I. belli is a previously unrecognized opportunistic pathogen that must be considered in the clinical setting of chronic diarrhea in patients with ATL.
Animals↗
[Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma effectively treated with chronic oral etoposide].
A 52-year-old man, who complained of tarry stool and systemic lymphadenopathy, was admitted to our hospital on July 2, 1992. Biopsy showed diffuse large cell lymphoma. Leukocytosis with atypical lymphocytes was not shown in the peripheral blood, but there was an elevated serum LDH level. The man was found to have both HTLV-I antibody and the monoclonal integration of proviral DNA in malignant lymph node cells obtained at biopsy. The diagnosis was lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia (ATLL). The chemotherapy regimens of MI-FP, CHOP and modified DHAP were used for the treatment, but were not effective. So, he was treated with etoposide 75 mg orally for 25 days (chronic oral etoposide therapy) and achieved partial remission. This chemotherapy induced myelosuppression with neutropenia, but there was no documented infection. Chronic oral etoposide therapy is an effective regimen for patients with relapse or refractory lymphoma.
Administration, Oral↗
Respiratory activities in relation to external glossal muscles.
In this study, the activities of the two external glossal muscles, Genioglossus (Gg) and Styloglossus (Sg), related to respiration were examined through the electromyography (EMG) in dog. During quiet breathing, no phasic respiratory activity were observed in either muscle. With hypercapnic condition induced by closed rebreathing respiratory system, both Sg and Gg showed phasic respiratory activities in respiration period. At first inspiratory EMG activity was observed from Sg (PaCO2 > 50 mmHg), then after a while from Gg (PaCO2 > 55 mmHg). NaCN injection bilaterally to the carotid body enhances the inspiratory ENG activities in both muscles. Sg was more sensitive than Gg to respiratory stimulation such as hypercapnia or NaCN injection.
Animals↗
Single retinal ganglion cells sending axon collaterals to the bilateral superior colliculi: a fluorescent retrograde double-labeling study in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata).
Single retinal ganglion cells projecting bilaterally to the superior colliculi (SC) by way of axon collaterals were revealed in the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). After injecting Fast blue into the SC on one side and Diamidino yellow into the SC on the opposite side, some retinal ganglion cells were double-labeled with both tracers. Most of them were large cells (more than 25 microns in diameter), and were localized in a narrow strip around the vertical meridian of the retina on each side. This retinal area roughly corresponds to the reported strip of nasotemporal overlap, where both crossed and uncrossed retinofugal projections arise.
Amidines↗
Non-dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra project to the reticular formation around the trigeminal motor nucleus in the rat.
The dorsolateral part of the substantia nigra (SN) of the rat was observed to send projection fibers to the reticular formation (RF) around the trigeminal motor nucleus (Vm), bilaterally with a clear-cut ipsilateral dominance, by the anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques with PHA-L and WGA-HRP. A combination of retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) revealed that no SN neurons sending their axons to the RF around the Vm showed TH-like immunoreactivity.
Animals↗
Descending projections from the subparafascicular thalamic nucleus to the lower brain stem in the rat.
In the course of our study on the neuronal connections of the subparafascicular nucleus (SPF) in the rat, descending projections from the SPF to the lower brain stem were examined by using the anterograde tracer PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin) and retrograde tracer WGA-HRP (horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin). When PHA-L was injected into the magnocellular and/or parvicellular division of the SPF (SPFm and/or SPFp), presumed terminal labeling was seen, bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance, in the mesencephalic and pontine central gray matter, peripheral shell regions of the inferior colliculus, cuneiform nucleus, and superior olivary complex (mainly in the superior paraolivary nucleus, and additionally in the nuclei of the trapezoid body). A few labeled axon terminals were also seen in the cochlear nuclei bilaterally with a contralateral dominance. In the second set of experiments, WGA-HRP was injected into the inferior colliculus, superior olivary complex, or cochlear nuclei. When WGA-HRP was injected into the peripheral shell regions of the inferior colliculus or the superior olivary complex, many labeled neuronal cell bodies were seen in the SPFm bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance, and a moderate number of labeled neuronal cell bodies were observed in the SPFp (lateral SPF) bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance. When WGA-HRP was injected into the cochlear nuclei, a moderate number of labeled neuronal cell bodies were observed in the SPFm and SPFp bilaterally with a contralateral dominance. The results indicate that the SPFm and SPFp (lateral SPF) of the rat send a considerable number of projection fibers to the lower brain stem. The target regions of these projection fibers include the auditory relay nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, superior olivary complex, and cochlear nuclei.
Animals↗
Styrene formation by the decomposition by Pichia carsonii of trans-cinnamic acid added to a ground fish product.
It is not well known how the formation of styrene by microorganisms can occur in foods. In this study, we described and characterized the production of styrene by a yeast isolated from chikuwa fish paste. The styrene was not detected in fresh and normal food products nor in the food package's plastic film. The food containing styrene contained cinnamic acid as an antimicrobial agent and spice, and it was contaminated by 5.4 x 10(6) CFU of a yeast per gram. On the basis of morphological and biochemical features, the yeast isolated was determined to be a strain of Pichia carsonii, now designated strain CHI. Strain CHI, which was able to grow on cinnamic acid, had the ability to form styrene from trans-cinnamic acid via trans-p-coumaric and caffeic acids. The MIC of trans-cinnamic acid against strain CHI was 230 micrograms/ml. Strain CHI thrived well at pH 5.0 and 26.0 degrees C and was tolerant to 20% NaCl. Styrene was subsequently produced in ground fish meat containing cinnamic acid into which strain CHI had been inoculated. The yeast was found to be an environmental contaminant in food processing plants of the chikuwa manufacturer.
Biodegradation, Environmental↗