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Biomedical subjects

Y Yasui

Publications and source records attributed to Y Yasui.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Comparative study of rbcL gene sequences in Fagopyrum and related taxa.

Four species of Fagopyrum, two species of Persicaria and one species of Rumex were analyzed for the DNA sequences of their rbcL genes. In addition to these seven species, we analyzed the published or available sequence data of ten related taxa in Polygonales, Plumbaginales and Caryophyllales. By estimating the base substitution rate between each pair of species, and by constructing phylogenetic trees we concluded that: 1) In Fagopyrum, F. cymosum and F. tataricum are much more closely related than expected previously; this confirms the conclusion of Kishima et al. (1995). 2) The new classification of Fagopyrum species proposed by Ohnishi and Matsuoka (1996) based on morphology, isozyme and cpDNA variability is consistent with the rbcL sequences. 3) The Polygonales and the Plumbaginales should be separated from the Caryophyllales as concluded by Giannasi et al. (1992). 4) The separation of Fagopyrum from other genera in the Polygoneae has a solid molecular basis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of three methods for analysis of urinary sediments.

Efficiency of urine sediment analysis was evaluated in 423 specimens including 86 documented renal disorder ones using three methods; a traditional centrifugal and microscopic one, an image-scanning one and a flow cytometric one. Among the three methods, good correlations were observed in white blood cells and epithelial cells. Between white blood cells and bacterial counts a good correlation was observed only in the flow cytometry one. Female specimens usually demonstrated high values in white blood cells except with the microscopic method. Casts in patients with renal disorder exhibited significantly high in the flow cytometric method. In all methods, proteinuria specimens showed high cast count in the sediment. From these results we concluded that the flow cytometric method was clinically useful, especially in urinary tract disorder specimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

The vestibular nuclei of the rat project to the lateral part of the thalamic parafascicular nucleus (centromedian nucleus in primates).

To clarify the vestibular projections to the centromedian-parafascicular nuclear complex, the Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) and horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA-HRP), tracing studies have been done in rats. The data demonstrated that the lateral parafasicular nucleus received vestibular afferents mainly from the ventral part of medial vestibular nucleus, and the superior and inferior vestibular nuclei, with an ipsilateral predominance. These findings suggest the vestibular influence to the motor loop of the basal ganglia thalamocortical projections.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1995

High affinity interaction of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I with short single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides.

The interaction of DNA topoisomerase I (topo I) with a set of single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides containing 5-27 mononucleotides was investigated. All single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides were found to inhibit competitively the supercoiled DNA relaxation reaction catalyzed by topo I. The enzyme affinity for specific sequence pentanucleotides of the scissile (GACTT, Ki = 2 microM) and non-cleaved chain (AAGTC, Ki = 110 microM) is about 2-4 orders of magnitude higher than that for non-specific oligonucleotides. This specific sequence affinity increases in several cases; lengthening of single-stranded oligonucleotides, formation of stable duplexes between complementary oligonucleotides and preincubation of the enzyme with ligands before addition of supercoiled DNA. We assume that oligonucleotides having a high affinity to the enzyme can offer a unique opportunity for rational design of topoisomerase-targeting drugs.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid in fish tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography.

An high-performance liquid chromatographic method with post-column derivatization has been developed for the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) in fish tissues. Extracted AA and DHAA were separated by a Shim-pack SCR-1O1H column within 20 min, reacted with sodium hydroxide containing sodium borohydride and monitored at 300 nm. The detection limits for both AA and DHAA were 0.1 microgram/ml.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Urinary sediment analyzed by flow cytometry.

A flow cytometer for the automated analysis of urinary sediment was designed, and its performance was examined by the evaluation of 821 specimens. Auramine O, a dye for DNA and RNA, was used for the staining of the sediment. Urine (5 ml or more) was processed by the instrument for sediment analysis. Conventional microscopic analysis was done for comparison. The RBC count, the WBC count, and the number of bacterial cells, epithelial cells, and casts found by the flow cytometer and by microscopy were compared. Correlation was high for all these results. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency (accuracy) in the items analyzed were 84.7%, 57.8%, and 67.2%, respectively. One hundred specimens could be analyzed by the instrument per hour. The instrument seemed useful for screening for urinary tract disorders to identify specimens that should be analyzed microscopically in routine laboratories.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Demonstration of axon collateral projections from the substantia nigra pars reticulata to the superior colliculus and the parvicellular reticular formation in the rat.

It was revealed in the rat that single neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) innervated both the superior colliculus (SC) and the parvicellular reticular formation (RFp) in the pons and medulla oblongata by way of axon collaterals. After injecting Fluoro-gold into the lateral part of the SC and Fluoro-ruby into the RFp on the same side, some SNr neurons were double-labeled with both tracers. They were localized in the dorsolateral part of the caudal half of the SNr ipsilateral to the injection sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Isolation of cDNAs for mouse phenol and bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and mapping of the mouse gene for phenol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (Ugtla1) to chromosome 1 by restriction fragment length variations.

The mouse gene for phenol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT; Ugtla1) was mapped at 42 cM on chromosome 1, a position identical to that of the gene for bilirubin UDPGT (Ugtla1), from linkage analysis of a three-point cross test with Idh-1, En-1, and Ugtla1 as marker genes. The cDNAs for mouse phenol and bilirubin UDPGTs, isolated after amplification by PCR, shared an identical 3'-half region. Our results strongly suggest that mouse bilirubin and phenol UDPGTs are expressed from a single gene and involve alternative splicing events. We also detected duplication of the gene for phenol UDPGT in all mouse strains examined with the exception of MOL-MIT and SUB-SHH.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Origins of nerve fibers containing nitric oxide synthase in the rat celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion.

The origin of nitric oxide synthase-containing nerve fibers in rat celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion was examined using retrograde tracing techniques combined with the immunofluorescence method. Fluoro-Gold was injected into the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion. Neuronal cell bodies retrogradely labeled with Fluoro-Gold in the thoracic spinal cord, the dorsal root ganglia at the thoracic level, the nodose ganglion, and the intestine from the duodenum to the proximal colon were examined for nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity. About 60% of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the intermediolateral nucleus projecting to the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion were immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase, as were approximately 27% of nodose ganglion neurons and about 65% of dorsal root ganglion neurons projecting to the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion. Neurons projecting to the celiac-superior mesenteric ganglion were found in the myenteric plexus of the small and large intestine. In the proximal colon, about 23% of such neurons were immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase. However, in the small intestine, no immunoreactivity was found in these neurons.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1995

Establishment and characterization of IRTA17 and IRTA21, two novel acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia cell lines with t(16;21) translocation.

The t(16;21)(p11;q22) translocation is an infrequent chromosomal abnormality, but seems specific to acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL). We established two cell lines with t(16;21)(p11;q22) from the bone marrow of a patient with ANL in relapse. Their morphological, karyotypic, immunohistochemical and genetic features are examined. Although both cell lines show monocytoid features morphologically, they express only CD13 (My7) and CD34, and neither expressed monocytoid or lymphoid markers. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that both cell lines expressed a similar TLS-ERG chimaeric mRNA as a result of the t(16;21)(p11;q22) translocation. As far as we know, there is no report of a leukaemia cell line with t(16;21). These cell lines represent a useful tool for leukaemia research.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Statistical analysis of passive surveillance disease registry data.

Passive surveillance disease data involve a registry of individuals who are at risk of disease and who are not under active follow up. The most serious limitations with such data are incomplete ascertainment of cases of disease and little or no follow-up information on patient vital status. This paper considers whether it is possible to estimate disease risk from such data and, if not, what additional information is required. In general, relative risks based on passive surveillance data will be biased even under the assumption that the probability of disease reporting and the hazard of death from other causes are the same for all individuals in the registry. However if the disease is rare, this bias is negligible. Methods are developed for estimating absolute disease incidence rates by combining passive surveillance data with a cohort study. Analytic approaches are proposed for the situations when death rates from all other causes are known and also unknown, and it is found that there is little loss in efficiency even if death rates are not known. There are considerable gains in efficiency for estimating absolute disease incidence rates by supplementing a cohort study with passive surveillance registry data compared to using the cohort study alone, especially if the exposure is rare and the cohort study is small relative to the size of the registry. Intuitively, the cohort data provides information about absolute rates of disease, while the passive surveillance data provides information about relative risks. The methods are applied to a registry of patients with an artificial heart valve that is at risk of breaking.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1995

[Detected Epstein-Barr virus genome using polymerase chain reaction in peripheral mononuclear cells--subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis].

A 23-year old woman was admitted to our hospital because of fever, leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and cervical lymphadenopathy. From pathological findings of the cervical lymphnode she was diagnosed as subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis (SNL). Bone marrow aspiration was hypocellular with proliferation of mature histiocytes with hemophagocytosis. Lactate dehydrogenase was elevated to 1863 IU/l and mild liver dysfunction was observed. Hepatosplenomegaly, lymphnode swelling in abdominal cavity, pleural effusion and pericardial effusion were detected. After glucocorticoid therapy all such disorders were normalized. In this course, Epstein-Barr (EB) virus genome was detected by a polymerase chain reaction method from peripheral mononuclear cells. After normalization, EB virus genome became not to be detected. From present case we concluded that EB virus was expanded in clinical course and was associated with pathogenesis of SNL.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Anesthesia in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa].

A 6-year-old-boy with epidermolysis bullosa underwent plastic surgeries for the scar contraction of hands. Anesthesia was induced with inhalation of sevoflurane in combination with nitrous oxide and oxygen. The tracheal was not intubated. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen with continuous intravenous infusion of ketamine. The courses of anesthesia and the operations were uneventful. The most important point in the anesthetic management of the patient with this disease is to avoid mechanical stimulation to skin and mucous membrane.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of distribution of peptide-containing nerve fibres in the atrioventricular valves of the rat.

The distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, neuropeptide Y-, and calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerve fibres was investigated in the atrioventricular valves of the rat. These nerve fibres were visualized by immunostaining of whole-mount preparations by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive nerve fibres were observed mainly in the anterior cusp of the mitral valve and, to a lesser extent, in the medial cusp of the tricuspid valve. Numerous neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive nerve fibres were found covering all of the cusps. Both types of peptidergic nerve fibre formed dense networks that consisted of interlacing and anastomosing nerve fibres. Calcitonin gene-related peptide-immunoreactive nerve fibres were seen in every cusp, but did not form a fine network. These results provide detailed anatomical information for evaluation of the possible roles of each type of peptide-containing nerve fibre in the function of atrioventricular valves.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Ultrastructural study on NOS-immunoreactive nerve terminals in the rat coeliac ganglion.

Nerve terminals immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were studied in the rat coeliac-superior mesenteric ganglion by electron microscopy using a pre-embedding immunostaining method. The immunoreactive material was distributed in the axoplasmic matrix and was not specifically associated with any subcellular organelle. In most NOS-immunoreactive axon terminals numerous small clear vesicles (35-50 nm) were seen, and in some terminals a small number of large granular vesicles (70-120 nm) were intermingled with small clear vesicles. Most NOS-immunoreactive axon terminals formed axodendritic as well as axo-somatic synapses with non-immunoreactive ganglion neurones, and axo-axonic contacts were very scarce. These results suggest that NO may be released at the synaptic sites from the axon terminals and may affect ganglion neurones.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗