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Biomedical subjects

Y Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Wu.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Contraceptive efficacy of Sino-female condom: comparison with condom].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the contraceptive efficacy of Sino-female condom with condom. METHODS: 603 volunteer couples were randomly divided into two groups: 304 couples using female condom for contraception, and 299 using condom. Using lifetable method and log rank test, we compared the pregnancy rates and other discontinuation rates after follow-up for 6 months in two groups. RESULTS: No abnormal findings of cervical and vaginal smears were detected before and after this clinical trial in all 603 women. The follow-up rates at 6 months were 99.01% and 99.67% in the female condom group and condom group, respectively. The 6-month gross cumulative pregnancy rates were 1.06 and 1.69 per 100 women and the discontinuation rates due to allergy were 1.39 and 0.34, respectively. No difference was statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, the discontinuation rate for other causes in the female condom group was significantly higher than that in the condom group (P < 0.01). The main cause was that more than half of subjects were used to applying condom before this study. CONCLUSION: The contraceptive efficacy of Sino-female condom is as same as that of condom, and its clinical use is quite safe.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The diagnostic value of hysteroscopy on postmenopausal bleeding].

The objectives of this study were to investigate the causes of postmenopausal bleeding and evaluate the diagnostic value of hysterscopy. Using the diagnostic technique of hysteroscopy and directed biopsies, the authors analysed the causes of postmenopausal bleeding of 234 patients undergoing hysteroscopy. The results showed that atrophic endometrium was the most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding and that endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma/precancerous lesion, and submucous leiomyoma/endometrial polyp were also common in the patients with postmenopausal bleeding. The agreement rate between hysteroscopy and directed biopsies was 74.61%. In 234 cases of postmenopausal bleeding, the benign and malignant pathological changes were found in 76 and 27 cases respectively. In terms of age and menopause time, there were significant differences (chi 2 = 3.36, P < 0.01; chi 2 = 3.92, P < 0.01 respectively)between the patients with postmenopausal bleeding in the benign changes group and those in the malignant changes group. So the combined use of hysteroscopical technique and directed biopsies is of great significance in finding out the causes of postmenopausal bleeding, making a definite diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma and precancerous lesion, and further preventing the occurrence of endometrial carcinoma. The examination of hysteroscopy is an effective and valuable method for diagnosing postmenopausal bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Relationship between serum antisperm antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies and clinical pregnancy outcome in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of maternal immunological factors on clinical pregnancy outcome in an in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) program. METHODS: One hundred and fifty IVF-ET treatment cycles from November 1995 to November 1996 were studied. The indication for IVF-ET treatment was bilateral blocked tubes. Serum antisperm antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cleavage rate and successful pregnancy rate in relation to antibody status of infertile women after IVF-ET treatment were assessed. RESULTS: Lower cleavage rate (64.2% +/- 32.1%) was found in 44 cycles of antisperm antibody seropositive women, compared with 84.8% +/- 18.7% in 106 cycles of seronegative women (P < 0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate was 31.8% in antisperm antibody-positive cycles and 20.8% in negative cycles (P > 0.05). The abortion rates of the two groups were similar (P > 0.05). Lower pregnancy rate (9.5%) was found in 21 cycles of serum anticardiolipin antibody-positive group, compared with 26.3% in 129 cycles of seronegative women (P < 0.05). Of patients with bio-chemical pregnancy and no pregnancy, 20.0% and 16.2%, respectively, had seropositive anticardiolipin antibody, compared with 5.6% of patients with clinical pregnancy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum immunological factors may play a part in clinical pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Regulation of gene co-expression after bicistronic retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into human cord blood CD34+ cells].

OBJECTIVE: To compare internal SV40 early promoter with IRES of the in regulatory effect on gene co-expression after retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into human cord blood CD34+ cells. METHODS: Based on pLXSN, vectors pLESN and pLEIN carrying EGFP and neo gene, distinguished by the in sequences between two, genes, were constructed. After liposome-mediated gene transfer into packaging cells, high-titre virus supernatant was obtained. After supernatant infection in vitro, transduced cells were cultured in CFC assay. RESULTS: FACS analysis demonstrated that 10% of human cord blood CD34+ cell were infected in vitro. All of G418 resistant colonies demonstrated green fluorescence in LEIN group, while only 41.1% in LESN group. CONCLUSION: IRES is superior to SV40 promoter for the guarantee of co-expression in bicistronic retrovirus-mediated gene therapy in human cord blood CD34+ cells.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1999

[A novel point mutation in NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase gene].

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the b5R gene mutation in a Chinese patient with recessive congenital methemoglobinemia type I (RCM I). METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral leukocytes of the patient and cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR. The coding region of b5R cDNA (921 bp) was analysed by sequencing of the RT-PCR products. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A novel mutation of Cys203(TGC)-->Try(TAC) in exon 7 was identified, which was further confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis of the genomic DNA fragment.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Molecular mechanism of recessive congenital methemoglobinemia in Chinese pedigrees.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanism of recessive congenital methemoglobinemia (RCM) in Chinese and to establish a gene diagnostic method of polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from the peripheral leukocytes of the propositus and b5R cDNA synthesized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The coding region of b5R cDNA was analyzed by sequencing of the RT-PCR products. RESULTS: Both propositi A and B were found to be homozygotes for a G to A transition at codon 57 in exon 3, changing a guanine to an adenine. This point mutation was not an artificial occurrence during polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as confirmed by Msp I restriction enzyme analysis of the genomic DNA. Propositus A's mother and propositus B's sister and her nephew were found to be heterozygotes for the mutation. CONCLUSION: A guanine-to-adenine transition at codon 57, replacing arginine with glutamine, was the molecular basis for RCM in two Chinese families.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Study on susceptible risk factors for COPD in smokers].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the susceptible risk factors for COPD in smokers. METHODS: 154 patients with COPD (FEV1/FVC < 70%) were recruited as the case group whose smoking index (average cigarettes a day times smoking years) was > or = 300 and there was no complaint of chronic respiratory symptoms. The control group included 154 smokers pair-matched in age(+/- 3 years) gender, residence, absence of COPD (FEV1/FVC > or = 75%) and respiratory symptoms. 23 never-smoking subjects with FEV1/FVC > or = 75% and no respiratory symptoms served as healthy control. The following parameters were evaluated: questionaire, physical examination, ECG, chest X-ray, lung function test, methacholine provocation test of bronchial responsiveness and serum levels of elastase activity, alpha 1-AT activity, MDA, PIIIP, IgE and IgG. RESULTS: The positive rate of bronchial hyperresponsiveness was 78% in the case group, PC20 = (1.4 +/- 1.6) g/L; but 28% in the matched group were positive, PC20 = (2.7 +/- 2.3) g/L, (P < 0.001). No one was found hyperresponsive in the healthy control group. There were no differences in serum PIIIP and IgE between the case and the control groups, but they were markedly higher than those in the healthy control. Serum alpha 1-AT activity, room condition, occupational exposure, smoking habit (deep inhalation), cigarettes with or without filter tip, parents with bronchitis and(or) emphysema history, brothers or sisters with bronchitis history were correlated with COPD, OR being 2.33, 2.00, 1.64, 1.88, 1.76 and 3.67, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that alpha 1-AT activity, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, room condition and occupational exposure, smoking habit and respiratory disease history in family were related to COPD. CONCLUSIONS: alpha 1-AT deficiency may be a risk factor for COPD susceptible smokers. There may be relationship between bronchial hyperresponsiveness and developing COPD, but whether it is the cause or result of COPD needs further study. Smoking may induce elevation of serum PIIIP and IgE, but both of them are not directly related to COPD. Room condition, occupational exposure, smoking habit, and respiratory disease history in family may be associated with COPD in smokers.

China↗
PubMed1999

[Post-operative staging and survival based on the revised TNM staging system for non-small cell lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the factors affecting post-operative staging and survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients based on the revised TNM staging system adopted by the UICC in 1997. METHODS: Data were collected from 1757 consecutively operated NSCLC patients, including those receiving complete tumor excision, tumor debulking and exploratory thoracotomy from April 1969 through Dec. 1993. The end point of follow-up was Nov. 30, 1998. Cumulative survival and its influencing factors were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox model of SPSS software. RESULTS: In this series, 30 patients (1.71%) were lost from follow-up. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 88.0% for patients in stage IA, 53.9% in stage IB, 33.5% in stage II, 14.7% in stage IIIA, 5.5% in stage IIIB and 7.0% in stage IV. The overall 5-year survival rate was 28.2%. The 5-year survival rate was 39.8%, 14.4% and 4.2% in patients treated with complete tumor resection, tumor debulking and exploratory thoracotomy, respectively. The 10-year survival rate was 31.4%, 9.5% and 0%, respectively. Factors affecting long-term cumulative survival, in the order of decreasing significance, were the type of operation, lymph node status, staging, size and pathologic type of the primary tumor. CONCLUSION: The revised staging system for NSCLC is superior to that used since 1986 as far as the end results of treatment in patients in different stage and the staging specificity are concerned. The T3N1M0 classification and the definition of M1 need to be further studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Local expresion of proinflammatory cytokines in maxillofacial gunshot wound].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between proinflammentory cytokines and wound healing in local area. METHODS: Interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression in local soft tissues after lower jaw gunshot wound were assessed by using immunohisto-chemistry, and pathological methods. RESULTS: High expressions of these cytokines were observed in local soft tissues of wounds after the gunshot. The cytokines expressions were different between the area near the bullet path and that far from the path. There was only one peak of the cytokines concentrations in the area far from the bullet path, while there were two peaks of the cytokines concentrations in the area near the bullet path, specially IL-6, IL-8. There were time differences for some different cytokines to reach the peaks of the their concentrations. In wound situ, the fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells expressed IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha after the firearm. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in regulating inflammatory cytokine reactions of local injury tissues. They might improve the functions of fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells and stimulate wound cells to produce and release other cytokines.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Cervical management in the N0 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue].

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the elective neck dissection would be beneficial as a routine management in the N0 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. METHODS: Cox regression model was used for analysis of tongue cancer cases treated by our hospital in a period from 1958 to 1996. RESULTS: Size of primary tumor and preoperative radiation showed significant difference in relation to cervical lymph node recurrence or metastasis. Neck dissection in the series was not a factor to influence the rate of cervical recurrence or survival. 5-years survival was 73.5% versus 69.3% in patients who underwent elective neck dissection and those without neck dissection (difference not statistically significant). CONCLUSION: We suggest that elective neck dissection would be avoided in T1 or T2 patients who have no neck node metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of acupuncture on enzymology of motor neuron of anterior horn of experimental spinal cord injury in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of acupuncture on enzymology of the motor neuron of anterior horn of injured spinal cord in rats. METHODS: Chemical staining method was used to quantitatively analyze the acetylcholinesterase (ACHE), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), changes in motor neuron of anterior horn of spinal cord simultaneously, and auto-analysis photogram apparatus was used to quantitatively analyze. RESULTS: After spinal cord was injured, the AchE and SDH reduced, ACP raised; in the acupuncture group, ACHE and SDH were increased and ACP was lowered after acupuncture (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture could regulate enzymology of the motor neuron of anterior horn of injured spinal cord. Acupuncture could inhibit or delay the deterioration of neuron, and also could promote the recovery.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1999

[Discussion and preliminary application on standard for comprehensive efficacy assessment of traditional Chinese medicine in treating malignant tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a comprehensive efficacy assessment standard on premise of patients' survival period and referring to the response of tumor and host to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy. METHODS: A standard was established by taking change of tumor size, tumor related symptoms, Karnofsky scoring and body weight of patient as criteria for evaluation. The standard was used to evaluate the comprehensive effect on advanced tumor patients, received various therapeutic regimen of TCM treatment in Xiyuan Hospital from March 1997 to August 1998, and compared with that evaluated by objective response rate (RR) of tumor. RESULTS: By the new standard, comprehensive therapeutic effect of 55 advanced tumor patients was: effective in 17 cases (30.91%), stable in 10 (18.18%) and exacerbative in 28 (50.91%), while by RR, it was completely response in 0, partial response in 3 (5.45%), no change in 41 (74.55%) and progressive disease in 11 (20.00%). Results of evaluation made by the two standard was different significantly, P < 0.005. The median survival period of 18 cases of advanced lung carcinoma patients was 11.5 months. Patients survived longer than the median survival period, mostly were tumor-bearing survival, were attributed to no change by RR, but were listed as effective by the new standard. CONCLUSION: The new standard laid more stress on quality of life than the RR, it reflects better response of tumor and host to treatment, and the prognosis of patients, and associated with the survival period, therefore, it could be conducted as the standard for comprehensive efficacy assessment in treating advanced malignant tumor in clinical practice after further improving.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Expression of type I transforming growth factor beta receptor in renal cortex in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and the regulation of benazepril].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of type I transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFbetaRI) in renal cortex in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and the regulation of benazepril. METHODS: The rats were randomized to following groups: uninephrectomized rats (group C), streptozotocin diabetic rats (group D) and diabetic rats treated with benazepril (group DB). Blood glucose, serum creatinine, body weight, kidney weight and renal protein content as well as angiotensin-convertion enzyme (ACE) activity of plasma, and renal cortex and medulla were observed after 4 weeks of treatment. The expressions of TGFbetaR I mRNA, 1alpha (IV) precollagen, fibronectin (FN) mRNA and TGFbetaR I protein were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Northern blot and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: Group DB had hyperglycemia, body weight loss, kidney hypertrophy and increased ACE activity in renal cortex despite a decrease in plasma ACE activity. These changes were associated with 1.12, 4.25, 1.50 and 1.10 fold increase in TGFbetaR I, 1alpha (IV) collagen, FN mRNA and TGFbetaR I protein expressions during a 4 week time course; Administration of benazepril could attenuate hyperglycemia, body weight loss and kidney hypertrophy, ACE activity in plasma and cortex was decreased by 92.00% and 88.77%, respectively, It also could reduce TGFbetaR I, 1alpha (IV) collagen, FN mRNA and TGFbetaR I protein by 63.89%, 61.90%, 45.83%, 52.13%, respectively. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that there is an interaction between TGFbetaR I and the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Benazepril can supress the expression of TGFbetaR I in renal cortex.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1999

[The association between plasma homocysteine and the number of coronary artery with stenosis].

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that elevated plasma homocysteine is a risk factor for arterosclerotic disease and is associated with increased severity of carotid-artery stenosis and peripheral arterial disease. In this study, we examine the precise relation of homocysteine to the number of coronary artery with stenosis. METHODS: One hundred and seventeen subjects who underwent coronary angiography from June to October 1998 in our hospital were recruited in this study. Cases (n = 101) with >or= 50% stenosis in at least one of the three coronary vessels were angiographically defined as having coronary heart disease (CHD). While subjects (n = 16) had 0% stenosis in all the three coronary vessels were considered as controls. CHD cases were divided into single-vessel (n = 29), double-vessel (n = 35) and triple-vessel group (n = 37). Plasma homocysteine was measured within 1 week before angiography in all subjects. RESULTS: Mean plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher in coronary patients than in controls [(17.56 +/- 1.14) micromol/L versus (10.59 +/- 0.43) micromol/L, P = 0.02]. Homocysteine level in the triple-vessel group or double-vessel group was significantly higher compared with that in the controls [(19.49 +/- 1.98) micromol/L versus (10.59 +/- 0.43) micromol/L, P = 0.006 and (17.41 +/- 2.03) micromol/L versus (10.59 +/- 0.43) micromol/L, P = 0.036, respectively]. The level of homocysteine in the stingle-vessel group tended to be slightly higher as compared with that in the controls [(15.2 +/- 61.18) micromol/L versus (10.59 +/- 0.43) micromol/L, P = 0.16]. CONCLUSION: Homocysteine level is elevated in patients with coronary heart disease. Higher level of homocysteine is associated with increased number of coronary arteries with stenosis.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Gene expression of lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in rats after thermal injury].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression in vital organs, and their significance in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammation after burns. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to a 35 percent full-thickness scald injury, then sacrificed pre-burn, and postburn 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, respectively. Tissue samples from liver, kidney, lung and intestine were collected to measure CD14 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression. Peritoneal macrophages were harvested by peritoneal lavage to determine CD14 mRNA expression. RESULTS: CD14 mRNA expression increased markedly after thermal injury, peaking at both 12 and 48 hours. Likewise, CD14 mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated in peritoneal macrophages. Gene expression of TNF-alpha elevated markedly in liver, lungs, and kidneys after acute insults. Positive correlation was found between CD14 mRNA and TNF-alpha mRNA in liver, lung, and kidney tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Thermal injury per se can markedly up-regulate both CD14 and TNF-alpha gene expression in various organs. Excessive CD14 mRNA expression may enhance synthesis and release of TNF-alpha stimulated by endotoxin translocation, and the interaction between CD14 and TNF-alpha may play an important role in mediating multiple organ damage secondary to major burns.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Multiple inhibitory mechanisms of wild-type p16 gene transfer into human bladder cells by retroviral vector].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory mechanisms of wild-type p16 gene transfer into human bladder cancer cells with or without endogenous p16 gene expression. METHODS: p16 recombinant retrovirus vector was constructed and transfected in human bladder cancer cell EJ and 253J. Northern blot analysis and immunocytochemistry were used to detect the expression of exogenous p16 gene. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect tumor cell cycle. Electronic microscope and in situ labelling apoptotic DNA fragment detection (TUNEL) was used to detect tumor cell apoptosis after gene transfection. Tumorigenicity was observed in nude mice. RESULTS: The growth rate of the transfected EJ cells was significantly retarded, the majority of transfected EJ cells were arrested on G(0) + G(1) phases of cell cycle, tumorigenicity of the transfected cells was reduced on nude mice. H-ras gene expression in transfected EJ cells reduced as compared with non-transfection. Apoptotic cells were observed in transgenic 253J cells. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant proliferation of bladder cancer cells can be inhibited by exogenous p16 gene transfection via different molecular pathway.

Animals↗