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Biomedical subjects

Y Wada

Publications and source records attributed to Y Wada.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[MR findings of metastatic brain tumors].

Fifteen cases with metastatic brain tumor(s) were examined on a 1.5T MR system and the results were evaluated along with images of contrast-enhanced CT. Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) showed the best detectability of lesions and was followed by contrast-enhanced CT, T2WI, and non-enhanced T1WI in that order. No correlation was found between the MR signal intensity and the histological classification of the tumors. In differential diagnosis with glioblastoma, several signal characteristics were encountered. Low or isointensity as well as the discrimination of tumor from edema on T2WI was considered to suggest the diagnosis of metastatic tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Subdural hematoma from ruptured arteriovenous malformation; demonstration by MR imaging].

We studied MRI of 15 cases of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) with special reference on the coexistence of the subdural hematoma. All ruptured cases (6 cases) were associated with intracerebral hematoma, and half (3 cases) of them were coexisted with subdural hematoma. In one of them, the presence of the subdural hematoma promoted us to perform angiography which revealed the AVM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of re-operation of pulmonary venous obstruction following surgical repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous return].

A case of six-month old female with pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) following surgical repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) is reported. A digital subtraction angiography (DSA) performed at 9 days after birth showed a supracardiac type of TAPVR (Darling Ia) with pulmonary venous stenosis and pulmonary hypertension. On the following day she underwent a corrective operation through posterior approach. The anastomosis between common pulmonary venous chamber and left atrium had released the pulmonary venous stenosis. Nevertheless, the pulmonary hypertension progressed after the operation. Five months later a cardiac catheterization data showed PVO. Six months after the first operation she underwent a corrective re-operation for release from the PVO using EPTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) patch. Postoperatively the symptoms caused by PVO and pulmonary hypertension were markedly improved.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of successful treatment using ECMO in severe status asthmaticus during open heart surgery].

A 6-year-old boy who had a history of asthma attack since 3 years old, but whose symptom was well controlled with medication received a radical operation for ASD. During the operation, he suffered from severe asthma attack. In blood gas analysis, PCO2 was increased to 302 mmHg with a decrease of pH to 6.740. Every conventional treatment for asthma attack was not effective, and then extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO was performed within 2 hours after operation. Blood gas data normalized and his hemodynamic condition was well maintained by ECMO. After 4 hours 20 minutes, he was weaned off from ECMO. Post operative course was uneventful except for pneumothorax.

Asthma↗
PubMed1989

In vitro transcription with K562 cell nuclear extract and globin genes.

Cloned human epsilon-, A/gamma- and beta-globin genes, the insulin gene and the adenovirus 2 major late promoter (Ad2MLP) were employed for transcription in vitro with K562 nuclear extracts. Nuclear extracts could direct accurate initiation of transcription from epsilon-globin without supplement of a whole cell extract. A clear dependence of protein concentration of nuclear extracts on transcriptional enhancement was observed with the epsilon-globin gene. To examine the cis-acting DNA sequences 5' of the promoter region which may be important in specific expression of globin genes, the epsilon-globin template was truncated using restriction enzymes. Transcriptional activity of the epsilon-globin gene varied according to the truncation suggesting possible regions to which nuclear proteins involved in transcription may bind. Fractionation of nuclear extracts by ion exchange chromatography indicated that activity could be recovered in a 175 mM ammonium sulfate fraction while the 50 mM ammonium sulfate fraction decreased transcription activity. A/gamma globin gene and Ad2MLP could be transcribed in nuclear extracts at higher concentrations, however, beta-globin and the insulin gene were not transcribed at any concentration assayed, either from induced or uninduced cells. Transcription of the beta-globin gene was observed in vitro when K562 nuclear extracts were supplemented with HeLa whole cell extracts.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1989

[Successful surgical treatment of total left anomalous pulmonary venous return with intact atrial septum--a case report].

A successful repair of total left anomalous pulmonary venous return with intact atrial septum is reported. A 7-year-old girl was admitted for evaluation of cardiac murmur which was first noted at 3 months of age. She had been followed up on suspicion of ASD, without any subjective symptoms. Physical examination on admission revealed a systolic ejection murmur at left sternal border. Chest X-ray showed mild cardiomegaly and increased pulmonary vascularity. ECG showed right axis deviation and incomplete right bundle branch block. Selective pulmonary arteriography delineated anomalous return of all left pulmonary veins to RA via vertical vein, left brachiocephalic vein, and SVC, and documented the absence of an atrial septal defect. Ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow was 2.2. Vertical vein was anastomosed to left atrial appendage under cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative cardiac catheterization showed no difference of wedge pressure between bilateral PA. The patient is up and well 1 years and 6 months after operation.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental and clinical evaluations of flow cytometric DNA-aneuploidy for the determining malignancy of head and neck tumors].

Using flow cytometry, basic experiments and clinical trials to investigate DNA aneuploidy were performed. The site of the peak in the DNA histogram was found to be unstable in the flow cytometric assay. However, relatively stable DNA indices can be obtained if only internal standards, such as human lymphocytes, etc., are added to the samples, thus results in a more precise detection of aneuploidy. In 11 cases of head and neck tumors, DNA aneuploidy was observed in six out of seven cases that were histopathologically diagnosed as being malignant tumors, showing a correlation with the pathological studies as a whole. Further clinical studies may prove that the present method can be useful for the pathological, supplementary diagnostic and prognostic evaluations.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of radioimmunoscintigraphy using a I-131 anti CEA and CA 19-9 monoclonal antibodies cocktail (IMACIS-1)].

The clinical usefulness of a I-131 anti CEA F(ab')2 MoAB and CA 19-9 F(ab')2 MoAB cocktail(IMACIS-1) for the localization of a cancer has been studied in 35 patients (Lung Ca. 10, Pancreas Ca. 7, Gastric Ca. 6, Colon Ca. 5, Hepatoma 2, Cholangio Ca. 2, Esophageal Ca. 1, Uterus Ca. 1, and, Retroperitoneal tumor 1). Of these 28 patients (80%) had an abnormal accumulation of radioactivity in the tumor sites (Lung Ca. 5, Pancreas Ca. 7, Gastric Ca. 6, Colon Ca. 5, Hepatoma 2, Esophageal Ca. 1, Uterus Ca. 1, and, Retroperitoneal tumor 1). Eighteen cases (56.3%) in 32 cases in which the primary site was known showed an abnormal radioactive accumulation and, similarly, 20 metastatic sites (71.4%) in 16 cases with 28 metastatic sites also showed an abnormal accumulation of radioimmunoscintigraphy showed no correlation with the serum CEA or CA 19-9 concentration. Further, no side effect was observed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Postoperative thromboembolism of acquired mitral valve disease--comparison between valve replacement and commissurotomy].

Thromboembolism after mitral commissurotomy (MC) was compared with that after mitral valve replacement (MVR). In 216 surgical cases of acquired mitral valve diseases, including combined operative cases of other valves, thromboembolic complications after MC were observed in 9/137 cases (13 times, 0.94%/patient-year), and those after MVR in 8/70 cases (11 times, 2.55%/patient-year). No thromboembolism occurred in 9 cases of annuloplasty. Thromboembolism-free period after MVR (49 +/- 44 months) was significantly shorter than that after MC (102 +/- 43 months, p less than 0.05). Postoperative CTR of thromboembolic cases (69.5 +/- 8.2%) was significantly larger than that of non-thromboembolic cases (61.4 +/- 9.9%) in MVR group (p less than 0.005), but no significant difference existed between thromboembolic and non-thromboembolic cases in MC group. Thromboembolism after MVR occurred in severe cases, but that after MC often occurred in mild cases. Postoperative echocardiogram of MC group showed significantly lower DDR in thromboembolic cases (1.9 +/- 0.7 cm/sec) than in non-thromboembolic cases (3.2 +/- 1.2 cm/sec, p less than 0.025). Mitral valve area (MVA) of all re-stenotic cases in thromboembolic cases after MC was under 1.5 cm2, comparing that in non-thromboembolic cases there were only two cases that had MVA under 1.5 cm2. After MC, careful management including anticoagulant therapy and reoperation is necessary especially in patients with atrial fibrillation, DDR under 2 cm/sec, and MVA under 1.5 cm2, even though they don't have cardiomegaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

In vitro differential expression of human globin genes.

K562 human erythroleukemia cells can be induced by hemin and other stimuli to produce hemoglobin and actively express epsilon- and gamma-globin genes but not the adult-like beta-globin gene. The control of globin gene expression is regulated by both cis-acting DNA sequences, such as the 5'-promoter region and 3'- and 5'-enhancers, and trans-acting factors. The activation of 5'-promoter DNA sequences mediated by trans-acting factors can be examined in a cell-free system by in vitro transcription. We report here the differential transcriptional activation of globin genes by nuclear extracts from K562 cells without the need of supplemental HeLa whole cell extracts. Transcription of the epsilon-globin gene which is more active in K562 cells than the gamma-globin gene was greater at low nuclear extract concentrations (protein concentration less than 1.5 mg/ml) than the gamma-globin gene. However, neither beta-globin nor insulin promoters (which are not active in intact K562 cells) were active in the nuclear extract in vitro transcription system. The accurate initiation and specific transcription of globin genes by K562 nuclear extracts suggest that trans-acting factors interacting with the 5'-promoter gene sequence regulate in part the extent and specificity of gene expression and that the activity of these factors can be preserved during their isolation.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1988

Adenine nucleotide metabolism of blood platelets in human liver cirrhosis.

The adenylate energy charge of human platelets was measured in normal subjects and cirrhotic patients using a method by labelling the adenine nucleotide pool of platelets with radioactive adenine. Using the above method, it was demonstrated that a reliable value for the adenylate energy charge can be obtained from platelet rich plasma containing more than 10(4) platelets per microliter after 30 minutes incubation. A significant difference was found in the distribution of adenine nucleotide metabolites between normal subjects and cirrhotic patients. However, no significant difference was found in the adenylate energy charge between two groups. These results indicate that energy metabolism of platelets is impaired to some extent in liver cirrhosis.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1988

Urinary acylcarnitines in a patient with neonatal multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency, quantified by a carboxylic acid analyzer with a reversed-phase column.

A quantitative analysis for urinary acylcarnitines in a patient with neonatal multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency is described. This method (liquid chromatography) can quantify twelve acylcarnitines including glutarylcarnitine and 3 isomeric acylcarnitines (butyryl-1, valeryl- and octanoylisomer) in urine. Before and up to the 15th hour of DL-carnitine therapy, isovalerylcarnitine was the largest single component existing in urinary acylcarnitines. Its excretion increased approximately 10 times within 1 day of DL-carnitine therapy. However, the acetyl-, the isobutyryl- and the butyrylcarnitine values increased gradually. From the 8th day of the therapy, the isobutyrylcarnitine value exceeded the isovalerylcarnitine. The patient's dominant urinary specific acylcarnitine derived from amino acids oxidation deficiency was changed from isovalerylcarnitine(leucine) to isobutyrylcarnitine(valine) during the early period of DL-carnitine therapy. Glutarylcarnitine was a minor component in the urine. Its degree of increase was as small as that of octanoylcarnitine. 2-Methylbutyrylcarnitine and propionylcarnitine were not detected.

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1988

Cloning of cDNA encoding a new peptide C-terminal alpha-amidating enzyme having a putative membrane-spanning domain from Xenopus laevis skin.

A cDNA clone encoding a precursor of a peptide C-terminal alpha-amidating enzyme (AE-I) from Xenopus laevis skin was recently isolated and sequenced in our laboratory. In this study, by using the restriction fragment of this clone as a hybridization probe, we have identified the cDNA encoding another new peptide C-terminal alpha-amidating enzyme (tentatively named AE-II) distinct from AE-I. The cDNA encodes a polypeptide of 875 amino acid residues, which contains a region extensively homologous to AE-I precursor at N-terminus. The encoded protein characteristically has a putative membrane-spanning domain near C-terminus. Our results indicate that C-terminal alpha-amide formation of peptides in Xenopus skin is regulated by at least two distinct alpha-amidating enzymes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

An initiator protein for plasmid R6K DNA replication. Mutations affecting the copy-number control.

Two kinds of mutations affecting the copy-number control of plasmid R6K were isolated and identified in an initiator pi protein by DNA sequencing. Firstly, a temperature-sensitive replication mutation, ts22, with decreased copy number results in a substitution of threonine to isoleucine at position 138 of the 305-amino-acid pi protein. Secondly, a high-copy-number (cop21) mutant was isolated from this ts mutant and was identified by an alteration of alanine to serine at position 162. This cop21 mutation suppressed the Ts character and was recessive to the wild-type allele in the copy control.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Quantitative genetic analysis of bi-iliac breadth.

Bi-iliac breadth, the frontal maximum diameter between right and left iliac crests, was measured in 1,547 male and 2,085 female residents of a rural area in Japan. All subjects were over 14 years of age. The bi-iliac breadth showed an increase related to age but little sex difference. Modification of age and sex variations from the measured value was obtained by calculation of the score, represented by arithmetical means and standard deviations. Distribution of these scores appeared to be binomial, and since binomial distribution approaches normal distribution when n is large, it is presumed that this trait gains normal distribution. Thus variation of bi-iliac breadth in subjects 20-79 years of age enables us to analyze inheritance. No significant difference was found between husband and wife in the correlation coefficients or between father and daughter (0.13 +/- 0.08). Significant differences were found as follows: father-son (0.35 +/- 0.05) (P less than 0.001), mother-son (0.28 +/- 0.05) (P less than 0.001), and mother-daughter (0.28 +/- 0.06) (P less than 0.001). There was no indication of maternal or paternal effects, since no significant difference was found in father-child and mother-child correlation coefficients. It is concluded that bi-iliac breadth is a quantitative genetic trait under control of polygenes on autosomes. Regression coefficient of child on midparental value was 0.55 +/- 0.05, approximately twice the means of four pairs of correlation coefficients between parent-offspring. Narrowly, heritability was estimated as 0.54 approximately 0.55. Contribution of dominance to total variance was small (VD = 0.11), in contrast to the larger additive genetic variance (VA = 0.54).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Deficiency of subunits of Complex I and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy.

Enzymic activities of the respiratory chain and content of immunochemically detectable subunits in NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I) were measured in mitochondria from the skeletal muscles of 4 patients with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes (MELAS). The rotenone-sensitive NADH-cytochrome c reductase activity was extremely decreased, ranging from 0% to 27% of the control value. In all patients, the content of subunits of Complex I was also reduced in parallel with the rotenone-sensitive NADH-cytochrome c reductase activity. It is suggested that the variation in the degree of deficiency of Complex I subunits could explain the clinical heterogeneity of patients with MELAS.

Adolescent↗