Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Uzuka.
Seven adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with induction regimen incorporating vindesine (VDS) and prednisolone (VDS-P). After achieving complete remission, multidrug regimens for remission consolidation and maintenance were given. All patients achieved complete remission including five cases of continuous complete remission.
Infection by JE virus still constitutes major cause of encephalitis in Chiang Mai Area, although some cases of possible dengue encephalopathy were observed. In spite of many apparent encephalitis cases, infection of vector mosquitoes by JE virus was not demonstrated. Virus isolation from hospitalized patients showed that the principal type of dengue virus circulating in Chiang Mai in 1982 was type 1 virus. Seroepidemiological survey on healthy humans indicated that the northern part of Chiang Mai Province in the region of the Maekong Valley has not yet been invaded so much by dengue viruses, compared with the Chiang Mai Valley, where dengue infection apparently became more prevalent than 12 years ago. The survey also indicated that the spread of JE virus in the study area was not uniform. Survey on vertebrates showed that anti-JE antibodies were highly prevalent among swine, horses, mules, sheep, and dogs. On the other hand, antibody prevalence was low in monkeys, ducks, and sparrows, and was negative among chickens and lizards. IgM-ELISA appeared to help differential diagnosis on JE from dengue even when the HI test did not give positive results.
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A daily oral dose of 1-2 mg of Carboquone was administered for remission induction to 38 patients with hematologic malignancy, and the following results were obtained: 2 of the 3 patients with malignant lymphoma, 1 of the 12 patients with multiple myeloma, 13 of the 14 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, and all 9 patients with polycythemia vera attained complete remission.
A little more than 20,000 examinees of x-ray mass survey of gastric cancer and the controls were followed up from 1960 to 1977. Cumulative doses of x-rays were calculated for each examinee, and a collective dose in person-year-rads was constructed. Incidence of leukemia was ascertained from Miyagi Prefectural Cancer Registry. Seven cases of leukemia were found out of 242,689 person-year-rads in the irradiated population, and 9 cases out of 273,344 person-years in the controls. Incidence rate in the two groups was identical. Therefore, the risk of this mass survey was disproved.
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A phase I-II study of N4-behenoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-cytosine (BH-AC) was conducted by a cooperative study group. In phase I study, a total of 126 patients, 64 of whom had metastatic solid tumors and 62 of whom had leukemia, were administered BH-AC in a single IV dose at day 1 only or in daily IV doses for 3 to 21 days, with dose ranges of 1.5--10.0 mg/kg. Side effects included nausea and vomiting, which were significantly less in incidence and severity than those observed with ara-C. Myelosuppressive toxicity became severe with doses 3.6--5.0 mg/kg per day x 10 days. In phase II study, a total of 37 adult patients with acute leukemia were entered in the study. Responses were noted, with an overall rate of 35% complete remission. Of th 26 patients with AML, there were 13 CR. The recommended schedule of treatment for BH-AC, based on our data, is daily infusion of 4--5 mg/kg over 3 h for approximately 3 weeks. The results with BH-AC in patients with acute leukemia are superior to those which have been reported for ara-C.
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The results of a long-term corticosteroid therapy performed in 55 patients with idiopathic aplastic anemia are reported. Of these patients, cure was attained in 20 patients, remission in 5, and improvement in 10. The duration of the treatment of cured cases ranged from 138 to 1109 days with a median of 522 days. The results were much better than those with other treatments conventionally performed. However, necessity of paying attention to side-effects was pointed out.
A regime of treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in adult, employing DMCP protocol, especially two step method consisting of daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone is described. Out of 32 adult patients with ANLL treated with DCMP regime 26 (81.3%) achieved complete remission. The median durations of complete remission and survival were 53 weeks and 54 weeks, respectively. The longest duration of complete remission was more than 220 weeks, and 3 cases are still maintaining initial complete remission more than 3 years.
The therapeutic efficacy of cephacetrile (CEC) in bacterial pneumonia was evaluated in contrast with that of cefazolin (CEZ) by a double blind method. Both drugs were administered via intravenous route at a dose of 1 g twice daily for 14 days. 1) Of 81 patients, each 2 from both groups were eliminated from the study because of unknown results. In CEC group, 36 out of 38 obtained a slightly effective or better results (94.7% of effectiveness). In CEZ group, 31 out of 39 showed a similar result and there was no significant difference between the two groups. 2) In more detail, CEC achieved significantly better results in AaDo2 and cardiac insufficiency than CEZ, and this trend was also seen in dyspnea. 3) Regarding background factors, pretreatment severity was slightly in favor of CEC. However, so long as supplementary analysis is concerned, we could not find any relation between the pretreatment severity of symptom and drug efficacy or improvement of symptom. 4) Since there was a slight bias in the background factors, it is difficult to conclude that CEC is better than CEZ in terms of effectiveness. However, we consider CEC is superior to CEZ if compared in details. 5) Both drugs had the same incidence of side effect (6.25%, 3/48 in both groups). When clinical efficacy of CEC in bacterial pneumonia is evaluated together with the incidence of side effect, we may consider that CEC is an effective antibiotic agent equal to or better than CEZ.
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