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Biomedical subjects

Y Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Uchida.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A case of multiple occult thyroid cancers with tracheal stenosis by invasion from metastatic lymph node].

A 59-old woman visited to our hospital with complaint of uttering stenotic sound at expiratory stage. Her chest X-ray film showed a suspicious intratracheal tumor, which was arising from the left side of the tracheal wall and confirmed 4 cm from the vocal cord by bronchofiber scope. The biopsy specimens showed well differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma. The lesion was judged to be a intrathoracic thyroid carcinoma and to infiltrate the trachea. Her air way failed to be ensured with YAG-LASER. Therefore, a subemergency operation was done. The intrathoracic lesion had no sequence of the thyroid gland. Two occult thyroid carcinomas were intraoperatively discovered. She underwent total thyroidectomy and sleeve trachectomy whose anastomosis was wrapped up in an omental flap. The intraluminal part of the tumor histologically showed poorly differentiated carcinoma, in contrast to the extratracheal part of the tumor showing well differentiated carcinoma. She was treated with radioactive iodine due to her positive 131I scintigraphy. Nine months later, a very similar lesion newly developed at the left side of trachea and made same symptoms.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1990

[Two resected cases of pulmonary aspergilloma in acute leukemia].

Remission rate of leukemia has been improved by development of recent antileukemic chemotherapy. But opportunistic infection in secondary immunodeficiency has increased. Especially pulmonary mycoses often occurs and its prognosis is poor. But if patient with leukemia complicates pulmonary mycoses, it should be cured as soon as possible and antileukemic chemotherapy should be continued. We successfully performed surgical treatment for 2 pulmonary aspergillosis, which were complicated in stage of remission induction of acute leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Prophylactic effects of neuroleptics in symptom-free schizophrenics: a comparative dose-response study of timiperone and sulpiride.

Remitted schizophrenic outpatients were prophylactically treated to prevent relapse with three different doses of timiperone or sulpiride for a year in a double-blind controlled study employing a randomized design. Each drug's ability to prevent relapse was by counting the number of subjects with different outcomes (remission, relapse, adverse reactions) during the trial and/or the number of symptom-free days for each patient before any sign of relapse or adverse reactions appeared. Patients were randomly assigned to the following drugs, which were orally administered once every night: placebo; timiperone 1 mg, 3 mg, 6 mg; sulpiride 100 mg, 300 mg, 600 mg. Data from previous studies involving haloperidol and propericiazine were utilized as a retrospective placebo group to compare the characteristics of the four drugs for maintenance treatment of remitted schizophrenic outpatients. Both timiperone and sulpiride increased the number of patients in remission and decreased the number of patients who relapsed, compared with the placebo group. With timiperone, there was an especially marked increase in the number of patients who showed signs of adverse reactions compared with sulpiride. Sulpiride was the only drug that increased the number of dose-dependent symptom-free days. However, both of these drugs significantly increased the number of symptom-free days compared with placebo. By comparing the dose-response curves of four drugs tested in the same fashion, haloperidol and sulpiride were superior to propericiazine and timiperone because they displayed a wider dose range for the maintenance treatment of remitted schizophrenic outpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Neurotrophic action of Alzheimer's disease brain extract is due to the loss of inhibitory factors for survival and neurite formation of cerebral cortical neurons.

Cell cultures of neonatal rat cerebral cortex in a serum-free medium were used to investigate whether specific neurotrophic factors are accumulated or inhibitory factors for neuronal survival and neurite formation decrease in AD brain extract. Neurotrophic activity in brain extract was quantified by using the ELISA for microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). Inhibitory factors, which blocked neurotrophic activity, were present in normal brain extract. In AD brain extract, loss of the inhibitory factors resulted in a relative increase in neurotrophic activity. The inhibitory factors in normal brain extract were retained on the ultrafiltration membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 10 kDa.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by toluene diisocyanate: sequelae of continuous exposure.

A 41-year-old automobile paint sprayer showed the clinical features of hypersensitivity pneumonitis 1 week after he had begun to work with paint materials containing toluene diisocyanate. His symptoms began 6 to 8 hours after exposure to the agent and spontaneously disappeared by the next morning. He had diffuse, fine reticulonodular shadows on a chest roentgenogram and a restrictive impairment of pulmonary function. Immunoglobulin G antibody to toluene diisocyanate-human serum albumin was present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sera: IgA antibody was present only in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Also, the patient had sensitized bronchoalveolar lymphocytes to toluene diisocyanate-human serum albumin. The histologic findings suggested hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The results of bronchoalveolar lavage, which was repeated on four separate occasions, showed lymphocytosis and a predominance of suppressor-cytotoxic T cells. The findings from serial determinations of humoral antibodies showed no changes consistent with the results of clinical and laboratory studies. In contrast, blastogenic responses of bronchoalveolar lymphocytes to toluene diisocyanate markedly decreased, and the patient showed clinical improvement despite continued exposure to the agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Rapid assay of beta-galactosidase and sialyltransferase by lectin affinity high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled asialotransferrin and pyridyl aminated oligosaccharides were prepared from asialotransferrin and human milk using affinity chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. These substances were incubated with galactosidase or sialyltransferase and then examined by lectin affinity HPLC. The elution patterns changed according to the period of incubation and amount of enzyme. This analytical method using lectin affinity HPLC with fluorescence labelled glycoprotein or oligosaccharides as the substrates has great value for detecting these enzyme under the same chromatographic conditions. In addition, differences were noted in the activity of beta-galactosidase toward oligosaccharides having the Gal beta(1----3)GlcNAc or Gal beta(1----4)GlcNAc structure at reducing termini.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1989

Angioscopic observation of the coronary luminal changes induced by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Coronary luminal changes induced by percutaneous balloon or laser coronary angioplasty were examined angioscopically in 10 patients with ischemic heart disease. A fiberscope (2.6F to 5.3F) was introduced into the coronary artery with the use of a guiding catheter with or without a balloon at the tip. Angioscopy was successful before angioplasty in nine and after angioplasty in 10 of 11 coronary segments. Before angioplasty, the stenotic segments were composed of yellowish or whitish atheromatous plaques with smooth surfaces or spiral folds in patients with stable angina pectoris. In one patient with unstable angina pectoris, the stenotic segment was scalloped angiographically and showed an irregular and whitish plaque angioscopically. After angioplasty, endothelial exfoliation with scattered thrombi (10 segments), bellows-like folds (two), longitudinal cleft (one), plaque rupture (two), and intimal dissection (two) could be identified angioscopically. These changes, with the exception of dissection, could not be identified angiographically. In one patient who underwent thermal argon laser angioplasty, the dilated segment appeared brownish, which indicated carbonization. In one patient with acute myocardial infarction, the occlusive thrombi were vaporized by thermal laser angioplasty. The results demonstrate the clinical feasibility of percutaneous angioscopy for pathologic documentation of coronary luminal changes before and after angioplasty.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Enhancement of arterial thrombolysis with native tissue type plasminogen activator by pretreatment with heparin or batroxobin: an angioscopic study.

The enhancement of canine arterial thrombolysis with native tissue type plasminogen activator (nt-PA) obtained from human-derived normal cells by pretreatment with heparin or the defibrinogenating agent, batroxobin, was evaluated with angioscopy. The nt-PA, 0.25 mg/kg, was infused intravenously to lyse 1-hour-old thrombus (eight thrombosed arteries without medication, seven with nt-PA alone, seven with nt-PA and heparin, and seven with nt-PA plus batroxobin). Angioscopy provided a cross-sectional view of the vessel lumen with clear visualization of the thrombus. Thirty minutes after nt-PA infusion, the percent luminal obstruction decreased from 74 to 61 in nt-PA alone (p less than .025), from 77 to 37 in nt-PA plus heparin (p less than .005), and from 79 to 25 in nt-PA plus batroxobin (p less than .005). Fifteen minutes after drug infusion, plasma fibrinogen levels decreased to 89% of preinfusion value in nt-PA alone, to 84% in nt-PA plus heparin, and to less than 5% in nt-PA plus batroxobin. Thus rapid infusion of nt-PA alone provided slight thrombolytic effects. However, heparin and batroxobin showed marked enhancement of thrombolytic effects of nt-PA.

Angiography↗
PubMed1989

Ocular findings in Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy.

In Fukuyama type congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), congenital muscular dystrophy and anomalies of the central nervous system are regarded as the major features, but the existence of ocular lesions has hardly been recognized as being important. In the present study, close ophthalmologic examinations were performed on 11 patients with FCMD, and we found myopia, weakness of the orbicularis oculi, congenital nystagmus, cortical blindness, optic atrophy, chorioretinal degeneration, etc. In particular, the chorioretinal degeneration observed in the ocular fundus was considered to be specific to FCMD. It is thought that these ocular lesions or changes are caused by the same mechanism as that involved in the central nervous system anomalies.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Insulin secretion in childhood obesity.

In 132 severely obese children (72 boys and 60 girls) who underwent institutional therapy, oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out on admission, and these children were divided into groups with normal and high insulin levels, in terms of the sigma IRI values obtained, on the basis of the reference value + 2SD calculated by Maruhama et al. From these children, those who had diabetes mellitus (DM) and those in whom DM was suspected were distinguished according to the diagnostic criteria of USPHS (Drash et al). The insulin levels were normal in 58 children and high in 64. Ten children were found to have DM, and 19 were suspected to have DM. Metabolism of the glucose load occurred at both normal and high insulin levels in some children. There was also a group of children in whom glucose metabolism was incomplete at high insulin levels and a group of children in whom glucose metabolism was not possible even at high insulin levels, showing an obvious DM reaction. These findings suggest that there is a difference in the sensitivity of the insulin receptors in these children. Age, severe obesity and a family history of DM were considered to be risk factors for DM. Although there was a moderate, positive correlation between sigma IRI and the obesity index and between sigma IRI and age, it seems that the level of insulin secretion varies considerably in obese children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Evidence for the involvement of a plasma kallikrein-kinin system in the immediate hypotension produced by endotoxin in anaesthetized rats.

1. In vitro incubation of normal rat plasma with endotoxin from E. coli (3-10 mg ml-1) in the incubation mixture) caused a dose-dependent increase in levels of free kinin and plasma kallikrein in the presence of o-phenanthroline, together with a mirror-image, dose-dependent decrease in the residual levels of the precursors, plasma prekallikrein and high-molecular-weight kininogen. Low-molecular-weight kininogen levels were not modified. 2. Intravenous injection of endotoxin (3-30 mg kg-1) into the femoral vein of anaesthetized rats resulted in dose-dependent hypotension. In blood collected up to 15 min after injection, the levels of prekallikrein and high-molecular-weight kininogen in plasma were decreased while levels of the active forms, plasma kallikrein and free kinin, showed a transient increase in the blood 1 min after administration of endotoxin. 3. A degradation product of bradykinin, des-Phe8-Arg9-bradykinin, as measured by a newly developed enzyme immunoassay, was detectable up to 5 min after administration of endotoxin. 4. Intravenous infusion of soybean trypsin inhibitor inhibited both the formation of bradykinin and des-Phe8-Arg9-bradykinin and the initial hypotension. 5. It can be concluded from our results that plasma prekallikrein is activated in the blood immediately after administration of endotoxin to rats and that bradykinin is a major cause of the immediate hypotension.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1989

The thrombolytic effects of native tissue-type plasminogen activator (AK-124) on experimental canine coronary thrombosis.

To evaluate the thrombolytic effects of the native tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), the authors used a thrombus model simulating clinical situations. The native t-PA (AK-124) was obtained from human-derived normal cells. Experimental canine coronary thrombosis was produced by partial constriction and endothelial denudation of the vessel. In 19 dogs, coronary occlusive thrombus was produced. Three hours after total occlusion of the coronary artery with thrombus, the authors attempted the thrombolytic therapy in 16 dogs. Histologically, three-hour thrombus was composed of a mixture of platelet aggregates, fibrin, and blood cells. They infused 0.375 mg/kg t-PA intravenously in 7 dogs and 20,000 IU/kg urokinase (UK) in 9. Coronary recanalization was achieved in 5 (71%) with t-PA infusion and 6 (67%) with UK infusion. Plasma fibrinogen levels decreased to 76% of preinfusion value in the dogs with t-PA infusion and to 34% in those with UK infusion. Coronary reocclusion occurred in 2 dogs with t-PA and 3 with UK. Thus, the native t-PA (AK-124) can provide coronary thrombolysis without severe depletion of plasma fibrinogen levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Some chemical and serological properties of non-dialysable fractions of human seminal plasmas].

Some chemical and serological properties of water-soluble and undialysable fraction (WSF) and water-insoluble and undialysable fraction (WISF) of human seminal plasmas were studied. Both of the fractions contained proteins as the main components and also carbohydrates as minor components, and each fraction gave 9 bands which were stained with the Periodate-Schiff and/or Coomassie brilliant blue reagents on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slub gel electrophoresis. WSF reacted with 17 of 19 hemagglutinins, whereas WISF reacted with 12 of them. Although WSF and WISF did not react with anti-M and -N sera respectively, both of the fractions reacted with the anti-N lectins of Vicia graminea and V. unijuga and also with Arachis hypogaea anti-T (Thomsen-Friedenreich) lectin. Perchloric acid-soluble fractions separated from a large number of human intact organ tissues and serum did not react with the above-mentioned 5 hemagglutinins. In double immuno-diffusion, both of the fractions interacted with rabbit anti-WSF serum to form 4 precipitation lines.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗