Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y Tanizaki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tanizaki.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Mortality study of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage at University hospitals and their affiliated hospitals in Japan.

This study was undertaken to examine the differences in aneurysm statistics between University hospitals where subacute or chronic patients are primarily treated and University-affiliated hospitals where both acute and chronic cases are also admitted. In each hospital group, the transition of the statistics in the last decade was studied. The purpose of this study was also to see if any conclusion could be drawn regarding the surgical treatment of acute cases. The death rate for all aneurysm cases admitted is 8% at University hospitals, whilst that at affiliated hospitals is roughly 30% during the 1970s. The operative death rate at the University hospitals is 3%, whilst that at affiliated hospitals is 16% which improved at one affiliated hospital to 8% in the 1980-1981 period. Morbidity also improved in the latest series in the affiliated hospital. These improvements are considered to be de to the change of operative and postoperative policies for acute cases to: limited surgical indications for grade IV patients, extensive cisternal clot removal at the time of surgery, and oral administration of Ticlopidine, a new antiplatelet agent.

Hospitals, Special↗
PubMed1982

Numerical changes in blood monocytes in bronchial asthma.

Numerical changes in peripheral blood monocytes were examined in 125 patients with bronchial asthma using a new direct method of counting blood monocytes. The number of monocytes in non-attack stages of bronchial asthma was similar to that of healthy controls. The monocyte count observed in overall cases showed a significantly higher value both in pre-attack and attack stages than in non-attack stages. Changes in the number of monocytes in an individual spontaneous asthmatic cycle tended to increase in pre-attack stages, increase more markedly during asthma attacks, then to decrease after the attack was alleviated. Monocytes in cases with a positive test for bronchial challenge to house dust extract changed in almost the same manner as for spontaneous asthma attacks. The number of monocytes did not change during bronchospasm provoked by inhalation of acetylcholine. Exercise-induced asthma patients exhibited indefinite changes of monocytes; that is, some cases showed a significant increase in the number of monocytes related to the asthma cycle, but other cases did not show any appreciable change. These findings suggest that the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood may change in close relation to asthma attacks elicited by allergic reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Determination of trace elements in freshwater diatoms by neutron activation analysis (author's transl)].

The instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied to the multielemental analysis of the freshwater diatoms taken from the head and lower areas of Tama river. Dry samples of the diatoms were irradiated for 1 minute (for the measurement of short lived nuclides) by pneumatic tube of TRIGA-II reactor of Musashi Institute of Technology, and 12 hours (for the measurement of long lives nuclides) in F ring of TRIGA-II reactor of Rikkyo University. The analytical results of 20 elements in the samples were obtained, and the concentration of Ti showed high values in all the samples. Since it is considered that Ti is absent in algae, these high values indicate that appreciable amounts of river sediment were contained in the samples. Therefore, the analytical results were corrected for Ti contents in the samples. The concentrations of Mg, K, Zn, Mn and Co in the diatoms showed no difference between the two sampling points. The concentrations of Cr, V, As and Sb in the diatoms, however, showed difference between the two sampling points, depending on the river water quality. In Stenopsyche grisepennis, on the other hand, the concentrations of Mn and Co depend on the river water quality, and the concentrations of Cr depend on the amount of diatoms staying in the body. The concentrations of V, As and Sb in the Stenopsyche griseipennis are considered to depend both on the amount of diatoms and river sediment staying in the body.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Supravital observation of in vitro basophils in immunological reactions.

The migration velocity and morphology of basophils in vitro were examined after the addition of anti-immunoglobulin (anti-IgE or anti-IgG). In atopic asthma patients with high serum IgE levels (more than 1000 i.u./ml) basophils showed increased migration velocity and showed pear-shaped and palmate processes after the addition of anti-IgE, but on the addition of anti-IgG, these basophils did not show increased migration velocity or morphological changes. In intractable asthma patients with low serum IgE levels, these changes occurred with anti-IgG but not with anti-IgE. These in vitro findings suggest a basophil reactivity to anti-IgE and anti-IgG in individual patients and support our previous differentiation of asthma patients according to basophil reaction.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1981

[Determination of trace elements in Stenopsyche griseipennis by neutron activation analysis (author's transl)].

An instrumental neutron activation analysis was applied to the multielemental analysis of the Stenopsyche griseipennis taken from the head water area and the lower of Tama river. The dry Stenopsyche griseipennis were irradiated for 3 minutes and 12 hours in a thermal neutron flux 1.5 X 10(12) n . cm-2 . sec-1 of TRIGA-II reactor of Rikkyo University. Thus, Al, Ca, Cl, Mg, V, Na, K, Br, La, Sm, Se, Cr, Ba, Cs, Sc, Rb, Zn, Co, Fe, and Sb could be analyzed. Analysis of the river water samples taken from the sampling points of the Stenopsyche griseipennis was carried out by the method given in the author's previous paper. The analytical results of Na, K, Zn and Se for the Stenopsyche griseipennis showed constant value independently of the river water quality, and Mn showed the different concentration between at the head water area and at the lower. On the other hand, the analytical results of Al, Fe, Sc, V, As, Sb, etc. showed wide range values. It can be considered that these elements were affected by taking up river sediment, and V, As and Sb concentrations in the Stenopsyche griseipennis at head water area showed larger values than those at the lower.

Elements↗
PubMed1981

[The distribution and the origin of trace elements in fresh waters in the Mikurajima Island (author's transl)].

The distribution and the origin of 21 elements in fresh waters in the Mikurajima Island were studied. The determination of these elements in stream water and rain water samples collected in the Island were carried out by using the thermal neutron activation method. The results are as follows: In the first place, it was concluded that a great portion of alkali and alkaline-earth elements in stream waters might be driven from sea salt. Meanwhile, the existence of trace elements such as Al, Fe, Mn, Sc, Sm, etc. might be explained by transfer from soil particle in the drainage basin. Furthermore, it seems that trace elements such as As, Co, Cr, Sb, V, W, etc. were supplied from airborne dust by precipitation. In the second place, in general, the content of Cl, Na, Al and Sc in stream waters in the Island were higher by several times than those in the headwater areas of the Tamagawa river and the Arakawa river in the mainland. On the other hand, the contents of trace elements such as As, Sb, W, etc. in the Island were much lower than these in the mainland.

Fresh Water↗
PubMed1980

Clinical effects of HC 20-511 (ketotifen) in bronchial asthma and its inhibitory effect on antigen-induced morphological changes of basophils.

Sixty-four patients with confirmed bronchial asthma were treated with HC 20-511 (Ketotifen). HC20-511 was evaluated to be very effective in 6.3%, effective in 50.0% and slightly effective in 10.9% of these patients. The appearance of reactive basophils was inhibited by HC 20-511 in 5 out of 6 cases of reaction to house dust, in all three cases with buckwheat allergy to their allergen and in 7 out of 11 cases to anti-IgE. These results confirm that HC 20-511 inhibits type I allergic reactions induced by specific allergen and IgE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Determination of mercury and copper in water samples by activation analysis using preconcentration on emission spectroscopic carbon powder (author's transl)].

A simple preconcentration procedure for mercury and copper was examined in the activation analysis of water samples. The preconcentration using pure activated carbon has been reported in several papers. The authors found that the carbon powder for emission spectroscopic analysis showed the high purity equivalent to pure activated carbon. The influence of various parameters in adsorption conditions was studied by radioactive tracers 197Hg and 64Cu. It was confirmed that 100% of these elements were adsorbed on carbon powders as pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate complexes at an acidity of pH 6--8, the temperature of 50 degrees C and the stirring time of 30 minutes. This method was applied to the activation analysis of the river water samples taken from the upper stream area of the Arakawa river and the ground water samples taken from the upper stream area of the Arakawa river and the ground water samples taken from the wells of the environs of Tokyo Megapolis. The carbon powders which adsorbed these elements were filtered, dried and analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis. The Hg concentrations of 0.01--0.1 ppb in river water and 0.03--1.4 ppb in ground water were obtained as well as the Cu concentrations of 0.3--3.0 ppb in ground water. The limits of determination of this method are 0.01 ppb Hg and 0.2 ppb Cu in the case of 11 sample of fresh water.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1975

Appearance of basophils in the sputum of patients with bronchial asthma.

A total of 108 samples of sputum obtained from twenty patients with bronchial asthma were examined for appearance of basophils and eosinophils. Both cell types are present in sputum during an asthmatic attack and disappear at the conclusion of the attack. Their presence correlates with the severity of the disease. It has previously been demonstrated that the blood basophils count falls during attacks of bronchial asthma, and the present study suggests that basophils move from the blood stream into bronchial tissue during the acute phase of an asthmatic attack.

Asthma↗
PubMed1975

Morphological changes of basophils in immunological reactions--effect of sodium cromoglycate.

The morphological changes in blood basophils, from patients with bronchial asthma, were studied in vitro during immunological reactions, with particular reference to interaction with anti-IgE. Anti-human IgE results in an absolute reduction in basophil numbers in buffy coat preparations as well as basophil cytoplasmic degranulation. An increase in the number of pear-shaped (A-form) basophils is also observed. Sodium cromoglycate impairs all these anti-IgE induced basophil changes, providing further insight into the mechanism of action of this compound in bronchial asthma.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Menaquinone (vitamin K2) therapy for bronchial asthma. I. Mechanism of action menaquinone on allergic reactions.

The mechanism of action of the drug was investigated from various points of view. The findings may be summarized as follows: 1. In the experiments of the degranulation of mesenteric mast cells of rats, menaquinone proved to significantly inhibit the degranulation either in active or passive sensitization with the reagin-like antibody. 2. Menaquinone did not inhibit the formation of the reagin-like antibody. 3. In the experiements of the degranulation of basophilic granulocytes from patients of bronchial asthma, the rate of appearance of A form basophilic cells upon addition of the antihuman IgE goat serum was not markedly but significantly inhibited in the patients treated with menaquinone for long periods, as compared with that in the control, whereas the in vitro addition of menaquinone did not exert a significant inhibitory action.

Animals↗