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Biomedical subjects

Y Tanizaki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tanizaki.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Development of a high-resolution digital tomosynthesis system and its clinical application.

Conventional tomography has been criticized for its low contrast caused by scattered radiation and tomographic blur. The authors developed a digital tomosynthesis system as a substitute for conventional tomography. With the image processor in the system, two types of postprocessing can be performed to improve the quality of synthesized tomograms. One-dimensional spatial frequency filtering effectively reduces linear tomographic blur and enhances image information when an appropriate filter is used. Correction of structure mottle helps enhance the image clarity. The system allows reconstruction of tomograms at any desired depth and performance of tomosynthetic angiography and dual-energy subtraction. The system solves some of the problems associated with plain tomography and dual-energy subtraction and provides diagnostic clinical images.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Specific IgE, IgG and IgG4 antibodies against house dust mite in patients with bronchial asthma.

Serum levels of total IgE, specific IgE, IgG and IgG4 against house dust mite were measured in mite-sensitive asthma patients receiving immunotherapy with house dust. Serum levels of total IgE, mite specific IgE and IgG did not significantly change during the course of hyposensitization. Increased levels of mite specific IgG4 were observed in patients during immunotherapy. The increase in specific IgG4 was dependent on the total dose of house dust administered in both children (r = 0.636, p less than 0.001) and adults (r = 0.629, p less than 0.01). However, the increase of specific IgG4 in adults was not as apparent as in children. These results might suggest that mite specific IgG4 is a useful immunological marker in the immunotherapy for allergic asthma, and that IgG4 antibody acts as a blocking antibody in atopic bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical characteristics of bronchial asthma in the elderly in relation to cell component in the airways].

Cellular responses in the airways of bronchial asthma, which might be affected with aging, were compared between 28 elderly (60 years old or more) and 28 younger (40 years old or less) patients with bronchial asthma. The cellular responses were observed to differentiate 500 cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), excluding epithelial cells. The average frequency of each type of cell in the BALF of the elderly asthmatics was 65.7% for macrophages, 15.5% for lymphocytes, 8.9% for neutrophils and 9.5% for eosinophils. In the younger asthmatics the average frequency was 61.8% for macrophages, 17.1% for lymphocytes, 4.1% for neutrophils and 16.1% for eosinophils. A significant increase in the frequency of neutrophils in BALF of the elderly cases was observed in steroid-dependent intractable asthmatics compared to the younger cases (p less than 0.05). An increase in frequency of eosinophils in the younger cases was also observed, although the difference in the frequency was not significant between the elderly and the younger intractable cases. A significant difference in the frequency of each type of cell in the clinical type of bronchial asthma was not present between the elderly and the younger cases. However, the frequency of neutrophils in elderly cases was significantly increased in Ib. bronchospasm + hypersecretion type compared to Ia. bronchospasm type (p less than 0.05), and was more elevated in II. bronchiolar obstruction type (p less than 0.01). The frequency of neutrophils was markedly more increased in the elderly cases with poor prognosis than in the younger cases (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristic of cell components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with bronchial asthma classified by clinical symptoms].

The characteristics of cell components in BALF were examined in three groups of 104 patients with bronchial asthma, classified by clinical symptoms. 1. The frequency of neutrophils in BALF was significantly higher in patients with hypersecretion type (Ib) and in cases with bronchiolar obstruction type (II) than in cases with simple bronchoconstriction type (Ia). 2. A significantly higher proportions of neutrophils in BALF was observed in atopic asthmatics with type Ib than in non-atopic asthmatics with type Ib. 3. More frequency with moderate or high grade of eosinophilia in BALF were observed in cases with type Ib, whether they were atopic or non-atopic type. 4. More frequency with moderate or high grade of neutrophilia in BALF were observed in atopic cases with Ib and in both atopic and non-atopic cases with II. 5. Cases with moderate and high grade of both eosinophilia and neutrophilia in BALF were more frequent in atopic cases with Ib. The results suggest followings--1) both eosinophils and neutrophils participate in hypersecretion of type Ib in atopic cases, and only eosinophils in non-atopic cases. 2) neutrophils participate in bronchiolar obstruction of type II, whether they are atopic or non-atopic cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of lymphocyte response to chironomid midge antigens in asthmatic and non-asthmatic individuals.

Chironomid antigens are currently one of the important allergens for bronchial asthma in Japan. We evaluated in vitro responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to chironomid antigens and compared these responses with serum IgE levels. PBLs from adult asthmatic patients showed stronger proliferation in response to the extract of adult midges of Chironomus yoshimatsui compared with healthy adults. On the other hand, elevated PBL responses of child asthmatic patients to chironomid antigens were not observed. There was no significant correlation between PBL proliferation and the serum IgE level. Our results might suggest that elevated PBL proliferation in response to chironomid allergens has somehow important pathogenic roles in adult cases although this does not correlate directly with specific IgE production.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Immunoallergological studies on chironomid antigen in bronchial asthma].

Immuno-allergological studies on Tokunagayusurika akamusi (TA), a chironomid, were carried out in 217 patients with bronchial asthma. 1. Skin reaction to TA was positive in 72 (33.2%) out of the 217 patients with bronchial asthma. 2. Fifteen (13.8%) of the 109 patients showed a significant amount of histamine release (more than 15%) from basophils stimulated by TA antigen. 3. There was a significant correlation between skin reaction and histamine release by TA antigen. 4. A significant amount of basophil histamine release was observed in young patients, and in those who were under 40 years old of age at the onset of the disease. The serum IgE concentration of these patients was relatively high. 5. There was a significant correlation between basophil histamine release by TA antigen and specific IgE antibody to CTT. 6. There were no significant differences in skin reaction or histamine release by TA antigen between asthmatics in Okayama and Tottori prefectures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies on steroid-dependent intractable asthma. Comparison between early and late onset of asthma].

The various components making for severe intractable asthma were clinically and allergo-immunologically studied in 90 patients with bronchial asthma, by comparison between early onset and late onset groups. 1. In the early onset asthma group, cases with low serum IgE levels showed a stronger tendency toward severe intractable asthma. 2. Late onset asthma cases with negative skin tests and negative specific IgE antibodies to house dust tended more often to be severe intractable cases. 3. There was no correlation between sensitization by specific antigens (house dust and Candida), especially Candida, and a tendency toward severe intractable asthma. 4. Severe intractable asthma might be caused by bronchospasm in cases under 30 years of age, by bronchospasm plus hypersecretion in cases between 31 and 40 years of age, and by bronchospasm plus bronchiolar obstruction in cases over 40 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Improvement of cerebral blood flow following stereotactic surgery in patients with putaminal haemorrhage.

Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) after CT guided stereotactic aspiration of putaminal haematoma were investigated in 13 patients with Xe-133 inhalation and single photon emission computed tomography. The interval from onset to operation ranged from 13 to 82 days (mean 30 days). The mean estimated haematoma volume ranged from 20 to 50 ml (mean 31.9 ml). The percentage of haematoma aspirated ranged from 75 to 98% (mean 86.8%). Postoperative CBF in two thirds of the patients was improved even though all cases were operated on in the subacute stage. Both the mean hemispheric and regional CBF in the anterior territory of the middle cerebral artery and in the region of the thalamus and basal ganglia in the affected hemisphere were increased postoperatively. Also in the nonaffected hemisphere, regional CBF in the region of the thalamus and basal ganglia was improved.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Eosinophilic leucocytes and arylsulfatase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with bronchial asthma.

The arylsulfatase activity and histamine concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined in patients with bronchial asthma in relation to the eosinophil count and asthma type (atopic and non-atopic). The BALF arylsulfatase activity and histamine concentration were significantly higher in atopic asthmatics than in non-atopic asthmatics. In atopic asthmatics, the activity of arylsulfatase was significantly increased in patients with a higher eosinophil count (10% or more). However, the BALF histamine concentration did not correlate with the eosinophil count. In non-atopic asthmatics, there was no significant correlation between arylsulfatase activity and the eosinophil count. The results show that arylsulfatase participates in IgE-mediated allergic reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Improvement of ventilatory function by spa therapy in patients with intractable asthma.

Twenty-five patients with intractable asthma had swimming training in a hot spring pool for 3 months. The subjects were divided into three groups according to their clinical symptoms and ages. Changes of ventilatory function during swimming training were observed in in each group. The ventilatory function test revealed that free swimming training in a hot spring pool for 30 min did not induce bronchoconstriction in any of the groups. The values of ventilatory parameters such as FEV 1.0%, %PEFR, %V50 and %V25 were improved after the 3-month swimming training. The improvement of ventilatory parameters, especially %MMF, %V50 and %V25, by the training was most remarkable in the type II asthma group. The percent increase in %MMF, %V50 and %V25 was highest in patients more than 61 years of age, and higher in patients aged 40 to 60 years than in younger patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cerebral thrombosis at altitude: its pathogenesis and the problems of prevention and treatment.

In analyzing cerebral thrombosis at altitude--own case and in the literature--we anatomically confirmed that cerebral thrombi in mountain sickness were all of venous origin. All climbers went higher than 5,000 m and most stayed in that altitude longer than 3 weeks. Hemoconcentration was confirmed in two cases, including our own patient. It was suspected that hemoconcentration resulting from secondary polycythemia and dehydration at altitude, as well as cerebral circulatory disturbance produced by high-altitude cerebral edema, played a major role in the development of cerebral thrombosis. The problems of prevention and treatment of cerebral thrombosis at altitude are discussed.

Adult↗