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Biomedical subjects

Y Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Taniguchi.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prospective study of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in two hundred and fifty patients.

Two hundred and fifty consecutive patients (151 women, 99 men, age 49.3 years) with symptomatic gallstones as diagnosed on ultrasonography underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy over a 12-month period. Preoperative intravenous cholangiography (IVC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) were also performed in 203 and 200 patients, respectively. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed on 248 of the 250 patients (99.2%). Two patients required conversion to open cholecystectomy because of a pin hole injury to the portal vein in one case, and because of technical difficulties with the dissection due to severe adhesions in the other patient. Procedure time in the initial 100 cases decreased from an average of 216 minutes for the first ten cases to 87 minutes for the last 30 cases, including the time required for intraoperative cholangiography (IOC). Bile duct stones were found in 4 cases on IOC which were diagnosed by preoperative ultrasonography, IVC and ERC in 0, 2 and 3 cases respectively. An intraabdominal drain was inserted for two days in all cases. The mean hospital stay was 8.6 days (range 4 to 19 days) with no readmissions. No complications were seen at short-term follow-up one month after discharge. Although there was a significant learning period, the procedure was safe and effective and could be performed with minimal risk. The results show that physicians with experience in both endoscopy and laparoscopy are well qualified to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy after appropriate training.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1992

Preliminary experience using laparoscopic transcystic cholangioscopy for treatment of common bile duct stones.

Laparoscopic transcystic cholangioscopy (LTC) in combination with electrohydraulic lithotripsy may be an alternative treatment to ERCP and sphincterotomy in patients with both gallbladder and common bile duct stones undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Preliminary experience using LTC lithotripsy in 13 cases is reported. In 12 cases the stones were pushed out into the duodenum using the tip of the cholangioscope, in 8 of them stone disintegration via LTC lithotripsy also being required. In the remaining case the cholangioscope could not be inserted into the common bile duct via the cystic duct due to complete cystic duct obstruction. The average hospital stay was 9 days (range 6-16) in patients with LTC/lithotripsy, which did not differ significantly from 8.4 days (range, 4-19) (n = 330) in the group undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy alone. The patients usually resumed normal activity the day after discharge. LTC lithotripsy has the advantages over endoscopic sphincterotomy of a shorter treatment and preservation of a normal functioning sphincter of Oddi. Further technical improvements, especially the development of a cholangioscope for this purpose, are urgently required.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Inhibition of CDP-DG: inositol transferase by inostamycin.

Inostamycin, a novel microbial secondary metabolite, inhibited [3H]inositol and 32P1 incorporation into phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) in cultured A431 cells, the IC50 being 0.5 micrograms/ml, without inhibiting macromolecular synthesis. The drug inhibited cellular inositol phosphate formation only when it was added at the same time as labeled inositol. It was found to inhibit in vitro CDP-DG:inositol transferase activity of the A431 cell membrane, the IC50 being about 0.02 micrograms/ml. It did not inhibit tyrosine kinase, PtdIns phospholipase C, or PtdIns kinase. Therefore, inhibition of PtdIns turnover by inostamycin must be due to the inhibition of CDP-DG:inositol transferase. Thus, inostamycin is a novel inhibitor of CDP-DG:inositol transferase.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

Hypertrophied ligamentum flavum in lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Pathogenesis and morphologic and immunohistochemical observation.

To investigate the pathogenesis of hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum, 45 cases of lumbar canal stenosis were evaluated by computed tomography scan and pathologic and immunohistochemical studies. The ligamentum flavum along with the medial one-third of the superior facet was obtained en bloc to include the enthesis. Statistically significant differences in transverse area and thickness of the ligamentum flavum were evident compared to the control group (P < 0.01). Pathogenesis of the hypertrophied ligamentum flavum was classified into three major groups: 1) fibrocartilage change due to proliferation of type II collagen, 2) ossification, and 3) calcium crystal deposition. It is stressed that marked proliferation of Type II collagen from the enthesis to the ligament side was revealed in the capsular portion of the hypertrophied ligament.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Tsutsugamushi disease in the central part of Japan.

Two cases of tsutsugamushi disease misdiagnosed initially as drug eruption were reported. Clinical symptoms of both cases disappeared dramatically after starting minocycline. Statistical examinations were performed on 29 cases of tsutsugamushi disease, including those observed in Mie Prefecture since 1982. Half of them were seen in the last 2 years. The onset was predominantly recorded in November (59%). Presumptive sites of infection were forests (63%) and fields (21%). No patients were infected along river-banks.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Spontaneous development of pancreatitis in the MRL/Mp strain of mice in autoimmune mechanism.

MRL/Mp mice are known to have autoimmune disease-prone genetic background, which contributes to the development of a lethal autoimmune disease at an early age in association with the lymphoproliferative gene, lpr. In this study, we found that MRL/Mp mice, not bearing lpr (MRL/Mp-(+)/+), spontaneously developed pancreatitis at a late stage of life, which was histopathologically characterized by destruction of pancreatic acinar cells with mononuclear cell infiltration. In female 34-38-weeks-old mice the incidence of pancreatitis reached 74%, whereas the male mice developed the disease with a reduced incidence, at a later stage of life and with a reduced severity. Cell infiltrates in the affected lesions were composed predominantly of CD4+ cells and to lesser extent Mac-2+ macrophages. Adoptive transfer of the spleen cells obtained from pancreatitis-bearing female mice generated pancreatitis in female normal mice, but not in the male mice. Transfer of the serum of pancreatitis-bearing mice failed to induce any pancreatic lesions. These findings indicate that pancreatitis in MRL/Mp-(+)/+ mice may be mediated by cellular autoimmune mechanism. This may present a useful concept for analysis of the developmental mechanisms of human chronic pancreatitis in an aspect of autoimmunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Tsutsugamushi disease (scrub typhus).

Two patients with Tsutsugamushi disease (fever) were successfully treated with tetracycline derivatives after typical eschars were found, although one of the patients was initially misdiagnosed as having a drug reaction eruption. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important because this disease can be associated with considerable morbidity and simple effective treatment is easily available.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

In situ hybridization analysis of cytomegalovirus and adenovirus DNA in immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Viruses are thought to play a role in the occurrence of IgA nephropathy. In fact, cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens have been detected in the glomerular mesangium. To clarify this relationship, we used in situ hybridization with biotin-labeled DNA probes of CMV and adenovirus (AV) in 40 patients with IgA nephropathy to determine the presence or absence of virus in affected renal tissue. Renal tissue DNA from these patients did not hybridize with the CMV or AV probes. Our results fail to support the theory that consecutive regional renal infections with CMV and/or AV are involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMed1992

Antigenic analyses of Sugi basic protein by monoclonal antibodies: I. Distribution and characterization of B-cell-tropic epitopes of Cry j I molecules.

Using 23 monoclonal antibodies raised against Sugi basic protein (SBP, major allergen of Japanese cedar pollen), composed of Cry j I and Cry j II, analyses of B-cell-tropic epitopes of Cry j I were performed. The following results were obtained. (1) As far as the mAbs were used, no major cross-reactive determinants were detected between Cry j I and Cry j II molecules. (2) 21 of the 23 mAbs were specific for Cry j I, and the anti-Cry j II mAbs were classified into four groups by their fine specificities, suggesting that Cry j I bears at least four antigenic determinant regions. (3) Cry j I molecules were found to take a monomeric form in solution and to display no repeating antigenic epitopes on their surfaces. (4) Some of the determinants seemed to be located in the interior of a Cry j I molecule, and when the Ag is coated on a plastic plate, the determinants become exposed on its surface. (5) Binding of human IgE antibodies to Cry j I and Cry j II was blocked by some of the obtained mAbs, suggesting that these epitopes recognized by the mAbs might have an important role in human allergic response against the cedar pollen.

Allergens↗
PubMed1992

Sporadic congenital transmission of avian leukosis virus in hens discharging the virus into the oviducts.

The efficacy of the albumen test for infectious avian leukosis virus (ALV) was examined in detecting congenitally transmitting hens. Seventy-three White Leghorn non-viremic hens with antibody to ALV were used. Eleven of the hens shed infectious ALV into their egg albumen, whereas only 7 of the 11 ALV-positive hens shed ALV antigens. The egg albumen test for infectious ALV was shown to be more effective in detecting the congenitally transmitting hens than that for ALV antigens. Then, twenty of the 62 hens which shed no infectious ALV into the albumen were studied for transmission of ALV to their embryos and for discharging ALV into the oviduct and vagina. Six of the 50 embryos from 4 hens were found to be infected with ALV but all of the 227 embryos from remaining 16 hens were free from the infection. Discharge of the virus into the oviduct and vagina was found both in the 4 transmitting hens and in 6 of the 16 non-transmitting hens. These results suggest that the hens discharging ALV into the oviduct, even though they do not shed ALV into egg albumen, may transmit the virus sporadically to their embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Prediction of the outcome of postoperative hypocalcemia in Graves' disease.

Symptomatic hypocalcemia sometimes follows subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Irreversible damage to the parathyroids contributes to permanent hypocalcemia and the mechanism for a transient hypocalcemia is thought to be different from that of a permanent one. However, sensitive assays for parathyroid hormones (PTH), which had recently become available, revealed that levels of PTH decrease in patients with transient hypocalcemia. In order to differentiate a prolonged hypocalcemia from a transient one, calcium and inorganic phosphate concentrations in serum as well as in urine, and whole molecule-PTH levels were determined in 18 Graves' disease patients with postoperative hypocalcemia just after the initial symptoms for hypocalcemia appeared. In 13 patients, medication was withdrawn within one month since serum calcium levels had returned to normal (transient hypocalcemia). In five other patients, medication was required for six months or more to maintain normocalcemia (prolonged hypocalcemia). The same parameters were determined after surgery in eight Graves' disease patients without hypocalcemia. Urinary inorganic phosphate concentrations in patients with prolonged hypocalcemia (0.02 +/- 0.01 mmol/mmol Cr) were significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than those in patients with transient hypocalcemia (1.59 +/- 1.59 mmol/mmol Cr) or those in control patients (1.27 +/- 0.70 mmol/mmol Cr). Preoperative concentrations of calcium and inorganic phosphate in serum and urine, and serum alkaline-phosphatase activities were also determined. However, there were no significant differences in these parameters between patients with prolonged and those with transient hypocalcemia. It is concluded that prolonged hypocalcemia is discriminated from the transient type by determining the urinary inorganic phosphate at the time of appearance of the initial symptoms for hypocalcemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Two cases of hypothyroidism associated with alpha-interferon therapy.

Alpha-interferon was used for anti-cancer or anti-viral therapy in two patients with preexisting autoimmune thyroid disease and in seven patients with chronic viral hepatitis who had no history of thyroid dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism developed in the two patients who had a history of autoimmune thyroid disease, while no changes in thyroid function were observed in the other seven patients. Modulation of the immune system by alpha-interferon may have been responsible for the development of hypothyroidism in these two patients. Therefore, autoantibodies to the thyroid and the thyroid function should be assessed in patients undergoing alpha-interferon therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Positive antinuclear antibody in atopic dermatitis.

Serum samples from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients were examined with two antinuclear antibody-detecting methods, using HEp-2 cells as substrate. 34.0% of 47 AD patients tested with FITC-conjugated polyvalent immunoglobulins (method 1) had positive antinuclear antibody (ANA). 26.3% of 57 AD patients examined with FITC-conjugated anti-IgG (method 2) had positive ANA. We found that AD patients who had facial lesions tended to have positive ANA, whereas severe AD patients tended to have high titres of ANA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Quantification of the c-myc gene in gastric carcinomas by the triplex polymerase chain reaction and high performance liquid chromatography.

The triplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques were used to examine the state of amplification of the c-myc gene in gastric carcinomas. Sequences from the c-myc gene and from the two control genes were coamplified by PCR. The coamplified PCR products were separated and quantified by HPLC and the copy numbers of the c-myc gene were calculated by comparing the peak areas generated by PCR products. Increased copy numbers of the c-myc gene were found in 2 of 5 patients.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1992

[Delayed CT--a technique for the detection of hepatic metastases].

Plain CT and subsequent dynamic (or enhanced) CT demonstrated liver tumors in 43 patients: hepatocellular carcinoma in 24 patients, metastatic liver tumors in 15 patients and hemangioma of the liver in 4 patients. Delayed CT was furthermore performed 4 hours later to investigate its significance in the diagnosis of hepatic metastases by primarily comparing it with plain CT. The difference in CT numbers between the lesion and the normal hepatic parenchyma at delayed-type scanning 31.48 +/- 7.41 HU in metastatic liver tumors, which was significantly higher than 17.37 +/- 11.32 HU in hepatocellular carcinoma (p < 0.001). TDI after delayed CT was -0.43 +/- 0.13 in metastatic liver tumors and -0.26 +/- 0.15 in hepatocellular carcinoma, between which a significant difference was noted (p < 0.01). Delayed CT presented similar images to those obtained from plain CT in 14 of the 24 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (58.3%) and a less clear tumor boundary in the remaining 10 patients (41.7%). On the other hand, the tumor boundary became clearer in 12 of the 15 patients with metastatic liver tumors (80.0%) at delayed-type scanning, than after plain CT, although the images remained almost unchanged in the remaining 3 patients (20.0%). The findings obtained from delayed CT in hemangioma of the liver were little different from those obtained from plain CT. This study suggested that delayed CT might better detect metastatic liver tumors than could plain CT. Delayed CT is recommended when metastases from other organs to the liver are suspected, and particularly when such metastatic liver tumors are small in size and multiple.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Isolation of a new human pseudogene for proliferating cell nuclear antigen.

A new gene, which cross-hybridized with a rat PCNA cDNA probe, has been isolated from a human genomic cosmid library. A comparison of the gene with the human PCNA cDNA revealed 71% homology for the nucleotide sequences. This gene completely lacks introns and has traces of a polyA tail which the messenger RNA of the active gene retains. These facts indicate that this gene was generated by the reverse-transcription of a processed RNA for PCNA and exists as a PCNA pseudogene in the human genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Repeated blackout in a patient with accelerated idioventricular rhythm].

There has been no report that Accelerated Idioventricular rhythm (AIVR) causes a syncope attack. The patient described in this report is very rare because AIVR chronic without any heart diseases has been observed for 13 years, and because it is considered that AIVR is closely associated with his repeated blackouts. A 62-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of repeated syncopal attacks. He reported that he occasionally felt lightheaded after strenuous lifting and pushing or pulling against resistance. We found that AIVR could produce a remarkable arterial pressure drop partly because of ventricular asynergy and loss of timed atrial contribution. Furthermore, we observed syncopal attacks during Valsalva maneuver and found abnormalities of baroreceptor reflex (Lack of reflex tachycardia and weakened evershoot phenomenon). It is concluded that AIVR is not a benign arrhythmia in this patient because it has been a possible cause of syncope attack due to systemic arterial pressure drop and baroreceptor abnormalities.

Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm↗