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Biomedical subjects

Y Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Takeuchi.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Role of the splanchnic nerves in endocrine and metabolic response to abdominal surgery.

The splanchnic nerves are inevitably stimulated during upper abdominal surgery and this may produce various responses. To assess the role of splanchnic nerve stimulation on the endocrine-metabolic responses to abdominal surgery, intra-operative splanchnic nerve blockade was carried out in 12 patients undergoing elective gastrectomy under general anaesthesia and the results compared with those of patients undergoing gastrectomy under general anaesthesia or epidural analgesia alone. In the splanchnic blockade group, intra-operative increase in plasma cortisol, glucose, FFA (free fatty acids) and urinary adrenaline excretion were significantly less than that of the general anaesthesia group. This inhibitory effect of splanchnic blockade on these endocrine-metabolic responses was almost the same as, but slightly less remarkable than, that of high spinal epidural blockade. Urinary noradrenaline excretion reached the highest level on the first postoperative day in the general anaesthesia group. This noradrenaline response was significantly inhibited in the splanchnic group as well as in the epidural group. These results appeared to indicate that mechanical stimulation to the splanchnic nerve due to operative manipulation is largely responsible for the endocrine-metabolic responses in abdominal surgery. The results also suggested that, in addition to the splanchnic nerve stimulation, conscious pain perception is responsible for catecholamine release.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between chlordane and its metabolites in blood of pest control operators and spraying conditions.

Chlordane has been widely used to protect soil and house foundations against termite infestation. Pest control operators (PCOs) are occupationally exposed to chlordane. The relationship between chlordane and its metabolites in blood of PCOs and spraying conditions were investigated. Chlordane and its metabolites were detected in the blood of some chlordane-exposed PCOs, but not in that of the controls. Trans-nonachlor and the metabolites oxychlordane and heptachlor epoxide were detected in the blood of PCOs. Total concentration of chlordane and its metabolites in blood (trans-nonachlor + oxychlordane + heptachlor epoxide) was less than 5.6 ppb (mean: 0.89 ppb). The concentration of chlordane and its metabolites in blood of chlordane-exposed PCOs was significantly correlated with the number of spraying days and the amount of chlordane sprayed, particularly with a large correlation coefficient (r = 0.81, P less than 0.001) with the spraying days in the three months prior to the medical examination. The concentration of chlordane and its metabolites in blood is considered to be a useful indicator of biological monitoring for chlordane exposed workers (PCOs).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dendritic development of cortical neurons of mice subjected to total asphyxia: a Golgi-Cox study.

The effect of total asphyxia on dendritic development of the pyramidal cells in the mouse cerebrum was investigated using the Golgi-Cox method. Although neonatal asphyxia did not alter the number of basal dendrites arising from the cell bodies, the dendrites in the 20-day-old treated animals were significantly shorter than those in the controls. Even at 60 days, the number of longer dendrites in the treated mice was significantly less than that in the controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Regulation of sodium-coupled phosphate transport by extracellular phosphate in cultured kidney cells (JTC-12).

Cultured monkey kidney cells (JTC-12) have a Na+-dependent phosphate (Pi) transport system with characteristics similar to that of the renal proximal tubule. Na+-dependent Pi uptake in JTC-12 cells is affected by Pi concentrations in the culture medium. In this investigation, further characterization of this phenomenon was carried out. Lowering the concentration of extracellular Pi (3.0 mmol/l to 0.3 mmol/l) induced an increase in Na+-dependent Pi uptake compared with that in control cells maintained in 3.0 mmol/l Pi, whereas Na+-dependent transport of hexose and amino acid was not altered. This response was first evident at 4 h after the extracellular Pi concentration was reduced and slowly developed over the subsequent 24 h. Kinetic analysis showed an increase in the Vmax without a change in the apparent Km for Pi in cells cultured in the low Pi concentration compared with control cells. The response of Pi uptake was only partially prevented by cycloheximide, suggesting that both protein synthesis-dependent and -independent mechanisms are involved in the development of the response. Insulin, which has a stimulatory effect on Pi uptake in JTC-12 cells, did not affect this response. These data indicate that JTC-12 cells respond to changes in extracellular Pi concentration by changing the Na+-dependent Pi uptake system. This response has a number of properties typical of the phenomenon of adaptation of renal Pi transport in vivo to dietary phosphorus load.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Malignant histiocytosis in childhood. Clinical features and therapeutic results by combination chemotherapy.

Ten children, four males and six females, with malignant histiocytosis were treated from July 1980 to July 1984. None of them had an affected sibling with a similar disorder. Septic-type fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltration, and disseminated intravascular coagulation were common signs and symptoms, and convulsion occurred in four cases. The diagnosis was made from bone marrow smears in all cases. In five cases, biopsy or autopsy specimens confirmed the diagnosis. In five cases studied, proliferating histiocytes in lymph nodes were demonstrated to be S100 protein-positive. All patients were treated with adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (ACOP). Complete response was achieved in four patients after two to three courses of ACOP, and another case attained complete remission after further drug treatment. The five complete responders are now alive without evidence of disease after 23-48 months from the onset. Among partial and no responders, four died within 3 months and one has been alive with disease for 2 months. Bone marrow aspiration is useful for prompt diagnosis, and early treatment with intensive combination chemotherapy improves the prognosis of malignant histiocytosis in childhood.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

[Improved high performance liquid chromatography determination of hippuric acid and methylhippuric acid isomers in urine].

A study was made on the effect of detection wavelength and separation mode of HPLC on determination of urinary hippuric acid (HA) and three isomers of methylhippuric acid (MHA). The interference of other constituents of urine in the determination was effectively decreased by detection at a short wavelength of 227.6 nm. Meta and para MHAs were separated by the addition of beta-cyclodextrine to the mobile phase. Four metabolites were successfully separated from other components of urine by the combination of ODS-silica packed-column and mobile phase (method F). The detection limits were found to be 50 and 5 mg/l for HA and MHAs, respectively. MHAs could not be detected in the non-exposed subjects. Average levels (+/- SD) of HA in non-exposed males and females were 272.2 (+/- 210.8) and 393.0 (+/- 269.8) mg/l, respectively. The urinary levels of HA in females were significantly higher than those in males.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1986

[Toxicity studies of VP 16-213 (V)--Intravenous three-month toxicity in rats].

VP 16-213 (etoposide, abbr. to VP), an oncostatic drug, was administered intravenously to Crj : CD (Sprague-Dawley) rats of both sexes at dose levels of 0.05, 0.15, 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg/day for three months with the object of examining its toxicity and the reversibility of toxic effects. For the purpose of comparison, vincristine (abbr. to VCR) was administered in the same manner at a dose level of 0.02 mg/kg/day. The summarized results obtained are as follows: VP 1.5 mg/kg brought anemia as well as suppression of body weight increase and food intake, and 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg increased water consumption. However, no drug-related deaths occurred. VP 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg predominantly decreased red blood cell count and white blood cell count accompanied with lowered lymphocyte fraction which was agreeable to the findings on bone marrow. VP 1.5 mg/kg increased platelet count. VP 1.5 mg/kg lowered total serum protein content and elevated A/G ratio. VP 0.15 mg/kg and higher decreased testicular weight; 0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg brought thymic atrophy, suppression of spermatogenesis, tubular atrophy and hydropic change in testis. VP 1.5 mg/kg induced decrease of sperms in number and appearance of giant cells in epididymis. Above-described changes excluding the findings on testis and epididymis were shown to be generally reversible. Most of the findings for a reference drug, VCR, were qualitatively comparable to those for VP. Based on these results, the non-effect dose level of VP under the present experimental condition was estimated to be 0.05 mg/kg/day against male rats and 0.15 mg/kg/day against female rats.

Anemia↗