Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Takasugi.
Serum amylase isozyme was determined in 2 cases with normal urinary amylase but persistantly high serum amylase. Both cases showed dominant S-type amylase associated with tailing findings that was characteristic of macroamylasemia. Moreover, using the immunofixation method, the serum amylase was found to be bound with IgG (K) in case 1 and with IgA (L) in case 2.
Thirty-three patients with advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract (23 bladder cases, 8 ureter cases, and 2 renal pelvis cases) were treated by three-drug combination chemotherapy using two protocols (protocol I: Adriamycin 50 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, and 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2, protocol II: Adriamycin 50 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2, and cis-platinum 50 mg/m2). Protocol I induced responses in three of 19 patients (16%), (1 complete response, 2 partial responses), and protocol II (I complete response, 4 partial responses) in five of 14 patients (36%). The overall response rate was 24%. The duration of response was relatively short (median duration 5.1 months). The combination therapy was relatively well tolerated except in three patients, including two mortalities. In our study, three-drug combination chemotherapy with Adriamycin, especially that including cis-platinum, was effective against transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract, but the results were not completely satisfactory.
Total prostatectomy is an effective mode of therapy for early carcinoma of the prostate. This report deals with 74 patients who underwent total retropubic prostatectomy at our hospitals during a 23-year period. The 5-year survival rates of patients with stages A and B, C, and D carcinomas were 84.1, 40.1, and 12.7% respectively. The total 5-year survival rate was 56.1%. The 10-year survival rates compare favorably with those of any other mode of therapy. The histological grade was highly significant with respect to prognosis. Combined orchiectomy with total prostatectomy was effective. Operative mortality was 4.05% (3 patients), and the main complication was incontinence. We strongly believe that total prostatectomy is the only curative treatment for early carcinoma of the prostate. This procedure should be utilized more frequently.
We report a case of a free supernumerary kidney, which was asymptomatic. Excretory urography and angiography showed 3 separate kidneys.
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The m-GOT were studied in 57 patients with liver diseases, diagnosed by peritoneoscopy and biopsy. In acute hepatitis, the m-GOT rose to 100 units or there-about. But in chronic hepatitis, even in hepatitis B with sublobular necrosis, the m-GOT were low and 20--30 units. On the other hand, in alcoholic hepatitis, the m-GOT were 50--60 units which may be considered to be higher than expected for comparable their histological necrotic findings. These values were higher than OCT, which were measured at the same time. This results showed that there might be m-GOT induction by alcohol. In liver cirrhosis lower values were obtained. Generally m-GOT was liable to be lower as the lobular distortion was getting severer.
47 cases of viral hepatitis with HBs antigenemia, who were diagnosed by peritoneoscopy and biopsy, were studied. 41 cases were males, and 6 cases were females. The onset ages were mostly in 25--29 years old. The histories of blood transfusion were found in only 4.3%. On the other hand, the families clustered with HBs antigen were found in 68%. Recidivums were often seen (76%), and yet the intervals between recidivum were short (the neighborhood of 8 months). The transaminases at the recidivums were not so high (200 units or thereabout). 20 cases whom biopsies were performed more than twice, were studied histologically. 14 cases were prognessive. 5 were stationary. 1 was improved. In all of progressive cases, sublobular hepatic necrosis was seen. But in other cases, sublobular necrosis was not seen. After this sublobular necrosis, various distortion of the lobule architecture was appeared, and some of them progressed to liver cirrhosis. As to GOT and GPT, GPT was dominant before sublobular neerosis, but GOT was liable to be dominant after sublobular necrosis. Peritoneoscopically, peculiar red spots were found on liver surfaces at the time of sublobular necrosis.
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Secretory responses of the exocrine pancreas in the obese Zucker rat with an inherited genetic disorder were compared with those in lean control rats. Amylase concentration in pancreatic acinar cells of obese rats was reduced to 62% of the control value, whereas trypsinogen concentration was increased to 269%. The activity ratio of amylase to trypsinogen in the pancreatic acini of obese rats was about one-fourth of that in controls. The activity ratio of amylase to trypsinogen in pancreatic juice released by stimulation with varying concentrations of CCK8 or carbachol in the obese rats was also reduced to one-fourth of that in control rats. The concentration of the secretagogs inducing half-maximal secretory responses (EC50) in the obese rats was almost identical to that in the controls. The downward shift of the dose-response relation for these secretagogs in the acini of obese rats was analogous to that in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, cold-exposed rats, or lactating rats, as demonstrated previously. The present results may be explained by the changes in enzyme content and secretory responses found in pancreatic acini of obese Zucker rats, which would be attributable mainly to congenital disturbance in "insulo-acinar axis."