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Biomedical subjects

Y Tabata

Publications and source records attributed to Y Tabata.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with basophilic differentiation and t(9,11)(p22,q23) in a child.

A 20-month-old child was treated for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) with basophilic differentiation. His leukemic cells also had the cytogenetic abnormality of t(9,11)(p22,q23). Although immature blasts responded well to induction therapy with etoposide, the leukemic cells that were more differentiated toward basophils were quite refractory to the drug. However, complete remission was finally achieved with a conventional multidrug regimen.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Protein precoating of polylactide microspheres containing a lipophilic immunopotentiator for enhancement of macrophage phagocytosis and activation.

Biodegradable microspheres containing a lipophilic muramyl dipeptide, MDP-B30, were prepared from a L-lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer. The effect of precoating the microspheres with water-soluble polymers including proteins on the antitumor activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages (M phi) was investigated. Macrophages activated by phagocytosis of the microspheres exhibited growth inhibitory activity toward Meth-A tumor cells. The activity correlated with the extent of M phi phagocytosis of the microspheres. M phi phagocytosis was greatly augmented by gelatin precoating of the microspheres, resulting in a significant increase of in vitro antitumor activity of M phi by the microspheres. However, potentiation of M phi activity by gelatin precoating was minimal after intraperitoneal injection of the microspheres, but cross-linking of the coated gelatin with glutaraldehyde afforded potentiation of the antitumor activity in vivo.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Synthesis of gelatin microspheres containing interferon.

Gelatin microspheres with a diameter less than 2 microns were synthesized by means of cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. When the microspheres were subjected to degradation in phosphate-buffered saline solution containing collagenase, the digestion of microspheres was found to decrease with increasing cross-linking. Interferon was incorporated in the microspheres at a high trapping efficiency, and the rate of interferon release from the microspheres was regulated by the extent of cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. Gelatin microspheres incorporating interferon-alpha were readily phagocytosed by macrophages, regardless of the extent of cross-linking, and the phagocytosed microspheres were observed to be degraded gradually in the interior of macrophages, resulting in the slow release of the incorporated interferon in the cells.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1989

In vivo effects of recombinant interferon alpha A/D incorporated in gelatin microspheres on murine tumor cell growth.

Intraperitoneal (ip) injections of gelatin microspheres containing a very small amount of recombinant human interferon alpha A/D (A/D-IFN) (IFN-microspheres) plus free A/D-IFN improved the survival of mice bearing ascitic Meth A-R1 cells which we had isolated as IFN-resistant cells under in vitro conditions. The dose of free A/D-IFN in one injection was 10,000 IU, which was insufficient by itself for manifesting in vivo antitumor activity. In these mice, in vivo R1 cell growth was suppressed and macrophage recruitment was enhanced in comparison with mice receiving other control agents. Administration of IFN-microspheres alone was also effective but less than that of IFN-microspheres plus free A/D-IFN. Peritoneal macrophages obtained from normal or R1-bearing mice receiving ip injection of IFN-microspheres with or without free A/D-IFN were activated to inhibit the in vitro growth of R1 cells. The intratumoral injection of IFN-microspheres strongly inhibited the growth of solid R1 tumors. Intravenous injection of IFN-microspheres was effective in preventing the pulmonary metastasis of B16 melanoma cells. These results indicate that the IFN-microsphere is much more effective against tumors than free A/D-IFN.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Targeted and sustained delivery of aclarubicin to lymphatics by lactic acid-oligomer microsphere in rat.

We examined targeted delivery of an anticancer drug, aclarubicin (ACR), to the lymphatic system in rats by encapsulation of the drug in microsphere (MS) prepared from nontoxic and biodegradable L-lactic acid-oligomer with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 3600. ACR was released at an almost constant rate from two kinds of ACR-MSs having different size (1-5 microns and less than 1 micron) over 20 d in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 degrees C. The intraperitoneal administration of both ACR-MSs (dose of ACR; 5 mg/kg) to rats sustained an almost constant ACR level (300-400 and 400-600 ng/ml) in the lymph of the thoracic duct during over 10 d, and the ACR level in the blood was extremely low, although intraperitoneal injection of ACR alone gave lower level of ACR in the lymph than in the blood level within 12 h.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1989

[Staurosporine inhibits enhancement of the metabolism of phospholipids induced by phorbol-ester in a manner similar to that of combined action agents with calmodulin].

Staurosporine, an antitumor-promoting agent, suppressed phorbol ester-enhanced phospholipid synthesis. The inhibitory effect of staurosporine was found to be dominant in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The manner of this inhibitory action by staurosporine was similar to that of various kinds of antitumor-promoting agents, which have the ability to interact with Ca2(+)-calmodulin complex, although the effective dose of staurosporine was 1,000 times lower than these calmodulin-interacting agents. Furthermore, staurosporine was proved to interact directly with Ca2(+)-calmodulin complex. Thus, it is possible that staurosporine showed inhibitory effect on phospholipid metabolism via the modulation of Ca2(+)-calmodulin system.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1989

[Creep characteristics of Bis.GMA-Tri.EDMA based composite resins].

The creep of chemical activated and visible light activated composite resins was studied using a transverse testing instrument. In addition, the water absorption of their materials was measured, and the effect of the moisture on creep behavior was discussed. The water absorption properties of chemically activated composite resin were smaller than those of light activated composites. However, the former's creep strain increased markedly, in comparison with that of light activated resins. This result indicates that the phenomenon may derive from differences in the reaction accelerators of the composites. Increases in filler content reduced creep strain. Furthermore, the setting reaction of both types of resins was seen proceeding over a fairly long period.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of red cell distribution width in polycythemia vera].

We evaluated changes in red cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD) measured using a multiple parameter automated hematology analyzer E 4000 in patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Patients with iron deficiency anemia, those with chronic myelogenous leukemia, those with primary thrombocythemia, and normal subjects were examined as controls. In the patients with PV, as in those with the other 3 diseases, RDW-SD tended to be higher than in the normal controls when red blood cell counts were high. The RDW-SD in patients with PV transiently increased following administration of a myelosuppressive, which corresponded to the transition period from microcytes to normal blood cells. It was even higher during the polycythemic period than during the myelofibrotic period. This may be associated with hematopoietic abnormality due to extramedullary hematopoiesis. RDW-SD seems to well reflect the pathologic status of PV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical application of dynamic CT].

10 patients with primary pulmonary cancer were performed using of dynamic CT scanning with dynamic curve and obtained radiograms were analyzed with computer. Blood is supplied usually via a bronchial artery to primary pulmonary cancer. But we could be analyzed four types on blood supplying to the primary pulmonary cancer which are via aorta, pulmonary artery, aorta and pulmonary artery and non classified type. This technique be able to suggest of effectiveness of radiotherapy with analyzing of exist of center necrosis of the tumor. Therefore we radiotherapist and radiation oncologist be able to avoid radiation-induced pulmonary pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis especially high aged patients. We are recommended to take a this technique as preirradiative examination for patient with pulmonary cancer because of avoiding of no available radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with positive Philadelphia chromosome].

A 12-year-old boy with Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia received bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA identical sibling during the second remission. The diagnosis was made at the age of nine. Laboratory examination on admission revealed remarkable leukocytosis (92,000/microliters) with 93% lymphoblasts in the peripheral blood. Blastic cells were FAB L1 common ALL. Chromosomal study on both peripheral blood and bone marrow cells showed that lymphoblasts had an abnormal karyotype of 47, XY, inv (9), t(9; 22), +17. One month later he achieved remission by induction therapy consisting of vincristine, L-asparaginase, doxorubicin, and prednisolone. He was given intrathecal injection of methotrexate and cranial irradiation of 24 Gy for CNS prophylaxis. The cells with Philadelphia chromosome disappeared during remission. Hematological relapse occurred twenty one months later after first remission on April, 1986. He received re-induction therapy including L-Asp VDP, and high-doses of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and araC. He obtained karyotypic remission on October 1986. Subsequently, bone marrow transplantation was performed following high-dose araC, CY and TBI as preconditioning on December 18, 1986. Methotrexate and cyclosporin A were given intravenously to prevent GVHD. On day 14, karyotypic conversion was detected, suggesting the successful bone marrow grafting. Acute GVHD appeared on day 25, and was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporin A. Prednisolone was tapered by day 80. On day 91, cyclosporin A was discontinued because herpes zoster occurred. Acyclovir was effective, but skin GVHD reappeared. With low-dose prednisolone, skin GVHD improved. Sicca syndrome soon appeared and was followed by chronic GVHD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Macrophage phagocytosis of biodegradable microspheres composed of L-lactic acid/glycolic acid homo- and copolymers.

A variety of biodegradable microspheres were prepared from L-lactic acid, DL-lactic acid, or glycolic acid homopolymers and copolymers of different molecular weights and monomer compositions. Phagocytosis of the microspheres by mouse peritoneal macrophages was studied in cell culture system using scanning electron microscopy as well as light microscopy. The diameter of microspheres prepared was less than 2 microns, regardless of the starting polymers. No dependence of the chemical nature of starting polymers was observed on the extent of phagocytosis of the microspheres by macrophages. Precoating the microspheres with water-soluble macromolecules such as proteins had great influence on phagocytosis by macrophages. It was demonstrated that precoating with bovine serum albumin and non-proteinaceous macromolecules reduced the phagocytosis of microspheres, while bovine gamma-globulin, human fibronectin, bovine tuftsin, and gelatin precoating enhanced the phagocytosis. This trend was not influenced by the presence of serum. Only in the case of gelatin precoating, the phagocytosis was greatly enhanced by the presence of serum as compared to precoating with other proteins. Microscopic observation clearly indicated that the phagocytosed microspheres were gradually degraded in the macrophage interior with the incubation time, leading to release of a fluorescent dye encapsulated in the microspheres. The rate of microsphere degradation in cells could be controlled by changing the molecular weight and the monomer composition of the copolymers comprising the microspheres.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of the size and surface charge of polymer microspheres on their phagocytosis by macrophage.

Polystyrene and phenylated polyacrolein microspheres of different diameters, as well as modified cellulose microspheres with different surface charges, were prepared in order to study the size and surface charge effect on their phagocytosis by mouse peritoneal macrophages. It was found that the maximal phagocytosis of polystyrene and phenylated polyacrolein microspheres took place when their size was in the range 1.0-2.0 microns. Microspheres with hydrophobic surfaces were more readily phagocytosed than those with hydrophilic surfaces. There was no significant difference in phagocytosis between cationic and the anionic surfaces when compared at a zeta potential of the same absolute value. The least phagocytosis was observed for cellulose microspheres with non-ionic hydrophilic surfaces. Addition of fetal calf serum to the culture medium resulted in decrease in phagocytosis for all microspheres.

Acrolein↗
PubMed1988

Potentiation of antitumor activity of macrophages by recombinant interferon alpha A/D contained in gelatin microspheres.

Gelatin microspheres containing recombinant human interferon alpha A/D (A/D-IFN) (IFN-microspheres) potentiated the antitumor activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages (M phi) much more efficiently than free A/D-IFN. M phi acquired the inhibitory activity on tumor cell growth by the ingestion of IFN-microspheres without the aid of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), though LPS was required as a second signal for activating M phi primed with free IFN. The IFN-microspheres were much more efficient than free IFN plus LPS in respect of the IFN amount and the time required for M phi activation. Furthermore, M phi pretreated with the IFN-microspheres maintained their activated state for a much longer period than those pretreated with free A/D-IFN plus LPS. A monoclonal anti-IFN-alpha A antibody, which was capable of neutralizing A/D-IFN, did not interfere with the M phi activation by the IFN-microspheres. Even human IFN-alpha A was effective in activating murine M phi similarly to A/D-IFN, when given in the form of IFN-microspheres, though human IFN-alpha A in the free form was ineffective. These results argue that the mechanism of M phi activation by the IFN-microspheres is different from that by free IFN.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic value of serum osmolality gap in patients with multiple organ failure treated with hemopurification.

Serum osmolality gap (OG), the difference between measured and predicted serum osmolality, has been shown to be an excellent parameter to express the amount of conventionally unmeasurable middle-molecular-weight substances. OG was determined on 29 patients with multiple organ failure (MOF) treated with or without hemopurification. OG significantly increased in proportion to the increase in the number of failed organs and correlated well with APACHE II score. Nonsurvivors showed persistently high OG. OG decreased with plasma exchange and hemoadsorption, but not with hemodialysis, indicating that pathogenic factors can be removed effectively with plasma exchange and hemoadsorption. The patients with OG greater than 20 mOsm/kg-H2O had very little possibility of survival. These results indicate that OG is an easily determinable, effective parameter to evaluate the severity of the patients' condition, efficacy of hemopurification in removing pathogenic middle-molecular-weight substances, and the prognosis of the patient in the treatment of MOF.

Hemoperfusion↗
PubMed1987

Macrophage activation through phagocytosis of muramyl dipeptide encapsulated in gelatin microspheres.

Gelatin microspheres containing muramyl dipeptide (MDP) were prepared by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. They were added to mouse peritoneal macrophages (PMs) to potentiate the tumour growth inhibitory activity. The PMs which had internalized the microspheres exhibited growth inhibitory activity to syngeneic, allogeneic, and xenogeneic tumour cells. A similar effect was observed for PMs incubated with free MDP, but the MDP encapsulated in the microspheres was more efficient in enhancing the PM activity than the free MDP. In addition, PMs were activated in much shorter periods upon incubation with the microsphere-encapsulated MDP. The duration of activity could be controlled for up to 7 days by changing the extent of crosslinking of microspheres. Dose-response experiments established that microsphere-encapsulated MDP is able to activate PMs to inhibit growth of tumour cells at concentrations approximately 2000 times lower than the free MDP present in media. The activity of PMs was also acquired on intraperitoneal injection of the microspheres, in contrast to PMs with the free MDP.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1987

Long term result of LDL selective plasma adsorption therapy on familial hypercholesterolemia.

A newly developed low density lipoprotein (LDL) selective adsorption column from the separated plasma was applied to one patient of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia for 20 months at intervals of two weeks. LDL selective adsorption column, Liposorber LA-40, contains 400 ml of swollen dextran sulfate cellulose beads. The long-term, 20 month results of treatment with LDL selective plasma adsorption therapy are reported. LDL selective plasma adsorption therapy by Liposorber is useful in decreasing LDL-cholesterol of familial hypercholesterolemia and is more specific and produces a smaller loss of useful components of the serum than the double filtration plasmapheresis treatment. This treatment is effective in improving clinical conditions of familial hypercholesterolemia. In spite of our lengthy treatment with this therapy, no blood transfusion and no replacement of fluids was done in 20 months.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1987

[Blood access puncture point pseudoaneurysms in two hemodialysis patients].

This is a report of blood access puncture point pseudoaneurysms which occurred in two hemodialysis patients. Case 1: A 58-year-old male had been undergoing hemodialysis treatment since June, 1975. In January, 1981 a subcutaneous mass had developed at the blood access puncture point above the previously superficialized left femoral artery. An operation was performed in February, 1981 and the mass was dissected. The same artery has been used since the operation for blood access without any problems. The dimensions of the egg-shaped dissected mass were 3.5 X 4 X 2.5 cm. A histological diagnosis of the wall of the mass showed that it was a pseudoaneurysm. Case 2: A 48-year-old female had been undergoing hemodialysis treatment since September, 1983. The left basilic vein, connected to the brachial artery, has been used for blood access. In April, 1984, a subcutaneous mass had developed at the blood access puncture point and an operation was performed within a few days. Operative findings revealed that the mass was a capsulized infected hematoma with a smooth but extremely thin and easily ruptured surface, and the section of the basilic vein surrounded by the mass showed evidence of necrotic change due to compression. The brachial artery was resutured at the region where it was previously connected to the basilic vein without disturbance of arterial blood flow. In July, 1985, an operation was performed in which a new blood access was constructed in the left thigh by superficializing the femoral artery and connecting its side to the end of the saphenous vein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aneurysm↗