Intrahepatic leukocytes in auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation in beagle dogs.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Sato
Publications and source records attributed to Y Sato.
Can donor-specific transfusion via the portal vein under activated Kupffer cells enhance the beneficial effect of portal venous tolerance for rat small intestinal transplantation?
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Subclinical Cushing syndrome due to adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia: changes in plasma cortisol levels during long-term follow-up.
A 63-year-old man with bilateral adrenal tumors was treated for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Endocrinologic examination during follow-up revealed the production of cortisol to be independent of the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Therefore, he was diagnosed as having subclinical Cushing syndrome, and these tumors were removed. Adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH) was endocrinologically and histopathologically diagnosed. This is the first report demonstrating that endocrinologic changes of AIMAH can be observed during long-term follow-up.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
Molecular mechanism of angiogenesis transcription factors and their therapeutic relevance.
Controlling angiogenesis, either positively or negatively, is considered to be useful for the treatment of various diseases. Angiogenesis primarily depends on the phenotypic changes of vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Various genes are expressed in ECs during angiogenesis, and thus, understanding of the transcriptional control of these genes in ECs is very important. This review focuses on transcription factors that may play important roles in angiogenesis.
Animals↗
Additive effects of estrogen deficiency and diabetes on bone mineral density in rats.
We investigated the combined effects of estrogen deficiency and diabetes on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in rats. Ten-week-old, female rats were randomly divided into four groups: controls (C), an ovariectomized group (O), a streptozotocin-induced diabetic group (S), and a combined ovariectomy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic group (OS). The BMD of the lumbar spine and the femur were measured before grouping and at 23 weeks old. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained via cardiac puncture, and bone gla protein (BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were measured. The rats in the C, O, S, and OS groups, in that order, had higher levels of BMD of the lumbar spine and femur at 23 weeks of age. The BGP levels in the S and OS groups were significantly lower than in C and O groups. Significantly higher 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D was observed in the O group compared with the C, S and OS groups. No differences were obtained in TRAP among four groups. Our data suggest that the combined effects of estrogen deficiency and diabetes on BMD are not synergistic or counteractive but additive.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
Functional alteration of granulocytes, NK cells, and natural killer T cells in centenarians.
The immune system in centenarians was characterized as elevated levels in the proportion and number of granulocytes, NK cells, and extrathymic T cells (including NKT cells) in the peripheral blood. Conventional T cells, abundant in youth, were decreased in proportion and number. In addition to this numerical change in centenarians, the function was significantly altered in comparison with that in middle-aged subjects. The phagocytic function and cytokine production of granulocytes in centenarians increased whereas the production of superoxides from granulocytes decreased. This tendency was almost the same in both healthy and unhealthy centenarians. IFN gamma production by NK and extrathymic T cells in centenarians seemed to be augmented and resulted in an elevated level of serum IFN gamma. Possibly due to the effect of this endogenous IFN gamma, the proportion of CD64(+) (Fc gamma RI) cells among granulocytes was elevated. The expansion of CD64 antigens on granulocytes is known to be regulated by IFN gamma and to be associated with their induction of phagocytosis. These results suggest that the immune system of centenarians is not merely impaired, but altered in terms of the number and functions of granulocytes, NK cells, NKT cells.
Adult↗
Purification and characterization of a novel lectin from a freshwater cyanobacterium, Oscillatoria agardhii.
In the survey of 14 species of laboratory-cultured cyanobacteria for hemagglutinins, we newly detected the activity in two species, Oscillatoria agardhii, strain NIES-204, and Phormidium foveolarum, strain NIES-503. From the extract of O. agardhii, which showed the highest activity with trypsin-treated erythrocytes of rabbit, a lectin was purified to homogeneity by the combination of precipitation with (NH4)2SO4, gel filtration, hydrophobic chromatography and reverse phase chromatography. The purified lectin, designated OAA, was a monomeric protein with an apparent molecular weight of 13,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 16,000 on gel filtration. The amino acid composition was rich in glycine and acidic amino acids. The hemagglutination activity was inhibited by glycoproteins such as yeast mannan, but not by any of the monosaccharides tested. The activity was stable over a wide range of pH (4-11) and at a high temperature of 80 degrees C, and independent on the presence of divalent cations. The features of OAA resembled those of many of lectins from marine macroalgae. The sequence of amino-terminal residues of OAA was determined as ALYNVENQWGGSSAPWNEGG, which was highly homologous to those of lectins from macroalgae of the genus Eucheuma and that of a myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus hemagglutinin.
Amino Acid Motifs↗
Phytochemical flavones isolated from Scutellaria barbata and antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
A crude extract prepared from Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) was analyzed in the effort to discover antibacterial compounds against high-level strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Apigenin and luteolin were isolated from the plant as active constituents against the bacteria. These flavonoid congeners were selectively toxic to S. aureus, including the MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
CP6679, a new injectable cephalosporin. Part 1: synthesis and structure-activity relationships.
A series of cephalosporins bearing a 5,5-fused ring system, an (imidazo[5,1-b]thiazolium-6-yl)methyl group, at the C-3 position were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activities. CP6679 (1s) and its analogues showed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They were also highly active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). CP6679 (1s) showed more potent antibacterial activity than ceftazidime (CAZ) or cefpirome (CPR) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MRSA.
Ceftazidime↗
Safety of dental treatment in patients with previously diagnosed acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of invasive dental treatments, such as tooth extraction and pulpectomy under local anesthesia, in patients with unstable angina pectoris and within 6 months after onset in patients who had experienced acute myocardial infarction. STUDY DESIGN: Cardiovascular complications during and after dental treatment and preoperative risk factors were explored in 63 patients who had experienced unstable angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction. RESULTS: A total of 79 dental treatments were performed with no intraoperative complications. Chest pain occurred in 8 patients within 1 week after dental treatment. Risk factors for postoperative complications were identified as a history of chest pain within 2 weeks before the dental treatment and failure to clear the Master Test Single stress test. CONCLUSIONS: Many patients who had experienced unstable angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction tolerated dental treatment when appropriate stress control measures were used. However, approximately 10% of the patients experienced postoperative problems. Acceptability of dental treatment should be determined on the basis of the comprehensive assessment of each patient.
Adult↗
Determination of triazolam by GC-MS in two autopsy cases: distribution in body fluids and organs.
A detailed procedure for analysis of triazolam by GC-MS was constructed in our laboratory. At the concentration of 100 ng/ml, recoveries of triazolam in plasma and urine were 84.9 and 91.0%, respectively. The coefficients of variation in terms of its recovery were 11.5 (plasma) and 10.2% (urine). The detection limit for quantitation by the method was approximately 5 ng/g. This method was applied to two autopsy cases, giving triazolam distribution in body fluids and organs. In one case (33-year-old woman), concentrations of triazolam in the heart blood, urine, brain, lung, liver, kidney, skeletal muscles and stomach contents were 83.9, 741, 106, 165, 507, 293, 125 and 343 ng/g, respectively. From these toxicological data together with autopsy findings, her cause of death was diagnosed as triazolam poisoning. In the other case (45-year-old man), triazolam concentrations in the urine and stomach contents were 7.81 and 41.1 ng/g, respectively, but it could not be detected in the pleural blood; his cause of death was judged to be a traumatic shock, based on autopsy findings.
Journal Article↗
Extraction of diffuse reflection spectrum on reflectance spectroscopy for solid or powder surfaces.
Reflectance spectroscopy usually produces distorted spectra because it is arbitrarily composed of two different types of reflectance, specular reflectance and diffuse reflectance. That is why this has been an annoying problem for reflectance spectroscopists. In this report, we studied the extraction of only the diffuse reflectance spectra from several reflectance spectra using redundant multiple spectral information, non-negative transformation of the recorded spectra and information processing as the multi-curve resolution. As a result, we found that we could estimate just the diffuse reflectance spectral profile.
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared↗
Event-related desynchronization during an auditory oddball task.
OBJECTIVE: The present study addressed what kind of mental processes would be presented by the event-related desynchronization (ERD) relevant to the stimuli of an auditory oddball count task. METHODS: Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded from nine healthy subjects while target tones (2000 Hz, P = 0.2) and non-target tones (1000 Hz, P = 0.8) were presented randomly with constant stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) of 3.3 s. To improve time resolution of ERD analysis, obtained EEG epochs were digitally convoluted by Gabor wavelet and averaged respectively. RESULTS: For target stimulus, prominent ERD was observed in left parieto-occipital areas (peak latency: 400-600 ms), but there were no significant ERD for non-target stimulus. CONCLUSION: Our result suggests that magnitude of ERD would reflect amount of mental effort which was associated with intentional and voluntary processes rather than automatically sensory process.
Acoustic Stimulation↗
Personality change disorder in children and adolescents following traumatic brain injury.
The occurrence of personality change due to traumatic brain injury (PC), and its clinical and neuroimaging correlates were investigated. Ninety-four children, ages 5 through 14 at the time of hospitalization following traumatic brain injury (TBI; severe TBI N = 37; mild-moderate TBI N = 57), were assessed. Standardized psychiatric, adaptive functioning, cognitive functioning, family functioning, family psychiatric history, severity of injury, and neuroimaging assessments were conducted. The Neuropsychiatric Rating Schedule (NPRS) was used to establish a diagnosis of PC. Approximately 40% of consecutively hospitalized severe TBI participants had ongoing persistent PC an average of 2 years postinjury. An additional approximately 20% had a history of a remitted and more transient PC. PC occurred in 5% of mild-moderate TBI but was always transient. Interrater reliability for the diagnosis of PC was good (Kappa = .70). In severe TBI participants, persistent PC was significantly associated with severity of injury, particularly impaired consciousness over 100 hr, adaptive and intellectual functioning decrements, and concurrent diagnosis of secondary attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, but was not significantly related to any psychosocial adversity variables. These findings suggest that PC is a frequent diagnosis following severe TBI in children and adolescents, but is much less common following mild-moderate TBI.
Brain Injury, Chronic↗
Samoquasine A, a benzoquinazoline alkaloid from the seeds of Annona squamosa.
A benzooxyquinazoline alkaloid, samoquasine A (1), has been isolated from the seeds of Annona squamosa, and its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
Alkaloids↗
Immunohistochemical study on the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in human skin wounds.
An immunohistochemical study on the temporal expression of c-Fos and c-Jun, both of which designate proto-oncogene products, was performed on 60 human skin wounds with different post-infliction intervals. In unwounded skin, c-Fos or c-Jun was immunolocalized at the nuclei of the epidermal cells in the basal layer, hair follicle cells and sweat gland cells. During the early inflammatory phase of wound healing, the nuclei of polymorphonuclear cells (probably neutrophils), mainly infiltrating at the wound site, were labeled with anti-c-Fos or -c-Jun antibody. As the wound age increased, the neutrophils had disappeared at the wound site, and both mononuclear cells (probably macrophages) and spindle-shaped fibroblastic cells, which expressed a c-Fos or c-Jun positive reaction in the nuclei, were mainly observed. Morphometrically, the distribution of the c-Fos-positive ratio was very similar to that of the c-Jun-positive ratio; the positive ratio was considerably increased in wound specimens with a post-infliction interval of > or = 1 day, thus indicating the late inflammatory or proliferative phase. This study showed that c-Fos and c-Jun were closely involved in the inflammatory phase as well as the proliferative phase of the wound healing process.
Humans↗
Effects of collateral vessel occlusion on oral glucose tolerance test in liver cirrhosis.
Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism associated with liver cirrhosis are characterized by a high serum insulin level and prolonged hyperglycemia on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We measured plasma glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI), and C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) levels during a 75-g OGTT before and after varices obliteration in 10 cirrhotic patients with gastric varices. After obliteration, the indocyanine green retention rate was decreased and the portal flow velocity was increased. A significant decline in plasma glucose and IRI levels was also noted on OGTT. Moreover, the plasma glucose and IRI levels declined at 90 and 120 min in OGTT while they increased progressively by 120 min before obliteration. The levels of CPR were similar before and after treatment. These results indicate that decreased portal flow due to extrahepatic shunt and consequent impairment of insulin metabolism play a role in glucose intolerance observed in cirrhotic patients and that shunt occlusion improves glucose metabolism.
Adult↗
Neutrophils released from the bone marrow by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor sequester in lung microvessels but are slow to migrate.
Inflammatory mediators such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) release polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) from the bone marrow. This growth factor is used to promote the host response to infection but its effect on the behaviour of leukocytes at the inflammatory site is unclear. This study examined the sequestration and migration of PMNL released from the bone marrow by G-CSF in a model of streptococcal pneumonia. Eight hours following the administration of either human G-CSF (n=6) or saline (n=3) in rabbits, a focal Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia was induced and the animals were followed for 2 h. The thymidine analogue 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to label PMNL (PMNL(BrdU)) in the marrow and as a marker of PMNL newly released by the bone marrow. The PMNL(BrdU) in the lung and blood were identified using immunohistochemistry. G-CSF pretreatment elevated the circulating PMNL (3.6+/-0.4 (mean+/-SEM) to 8.3+/-1X10(9) x L(-1), p<0.05) and PMNL(BrdU) (5.4+/-2.1 to 12.5+/-3.1%, p<0.05) counts at 8 h with little further increase caused by the subsequent 2 h pneumonia. These counts did not change in the control group. Morphometric studies of the lung showed that the total number of PMNL sequestered in lung capillaries were increased in the G-CSF group and the percentage of the these PMNL that were BrdU-labelled, was higher than in circulating blood (p<0.05). In the G-CSF group, only 11.2+/-2.6% of the PMNL that migrated into the airspaces were PMNL(BrdU) compared to 50.8+/-8% PMNL(BrdU) in the pulmonary capillaries. In vitro studies showed PMNL(BrdU) released from the bone marrow by G-CSF are less deformable than unlabelled circulating PMNL (p<0.01). It is concluded that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment causes the marrow to release polymorphonuclear leukocytes that preferentially sequester in lung microvessels but are slow to migrate out of the vascular space into the airspace at the pneumonic site.
Animals↗