Biomedical subjects

Y Osamura

Publications and source records attributed to Y Osamura.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Distribution and characterization of immunoreactive corticostatin in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Using an antiserum against synthetic rabbit corticostatin-1 (CS-1), we established a specific RIA for CS-1 and examined its distribution in various tissues, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Among the tissues examined, the highest levels of CS-1-like immunoreactivity (-LI) were found in the lung and spleen. CS-1-LI was also detected at relatively high levels in the pituitary, adrenal medulla, and small intestine, while it was barely detectable in the hypothalamus. Immunocytochemical studies revealed the widespread distribution of CS-1 in these tissues. Plasma CS-1 levels averaged 7.8 ng/ml and increased to 185.4 ng/ml in the presence of infection. CS-1-LI in the adrenal gland, small intestine, and hypothalamus also increased in rabbits with active inflammation. These data suggest that CS-1 may modify the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in an endocrine or paracrine manner in response to infection.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical and clinicoendocrinological studies of gonadotropin producing pituitary adenomas].

In order to study the secretion of gonadotropins in clinically non-functioning pituitary adenomas, 83 cases were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Expression of one or more of gonadotropin subunits (alpha-subunit, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) beta, luteinizing hormone (LH) beta) was found in 38 (45.8%) of all adenomas studied. alpha subunit and FSH beta were positive in 28 (33.7%) and 27 (32.5%) cases respectively, whereas LH beta was detected in seven (8.4%) adenomas. The presence of both alpha subunit and FSH beta was found in 17 cases, while alpha subunit was singly positive in 11 cases and FSH beta, in 10 cases. LH beta was not detected alone, but was always accompanied by alpha subunit or FSH beta. By the double staining method, alpha subunit and FSH beta were not always colocalized in the same cells. Some cells were found to contain both alpha subunit and FSH beta, but others contained either alpha subunit or FSH beta. Clinical characteristics of gonadotropin positive adenomas (38 cases) were studied in comparison with null cell adenomas (37 cases), which were negative for all anterior pituitary hormones. The former (male 27, female 11) ranged in age from 21-74 years old (mean, 46.5 yr.), and the latter (male 16, female 21) from 28-68 yr (mean, 49.5 yr.). Gonadotropin positive adenomas tended to occur in middle-aged men. All 38 adenomas were macroadenomas, and 29 patients complained of visual failure. Clinical symptoms accompanied by hypersecretion of FSH was infrequent. Hypogonadism (amenorrhea, galactorrhea, loss of libido) were observed in 8 (9.6%) cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenoma↗

PubMed1992

[Effect of epidural buprenorphine on postoperative respiratory function].

The effects of epidural buprenorphine on postoperative respiratory function were studied using respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) in two groups of patients [(1) 0.1 mg (2) 0.2 mg] after upper abdominal surgery. Buprenorphine 0.1 mg group showed decreased respiratory rate and increased tidal volume. Decreases in the respiratory rate and the tidal volume were seen in buprenorphine 0.2 mg group and continued for 3-4 hrs after the epidural administration. However, there was no severe respiratory depression in either group. It seems that 0.1 mg of epidural buprenorphine may give a satisfactory postoperative pain relief and less respiratory depression, and RIP is a useful method for the measurement of postoperative respiratory function.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigation of new membrane-associated placental tissue proteins (MP2 A, B, C, D, and E) in gynecologic neoplasms.

New membrane-associated placental tissue proteins (MP2 A, B, C, D, and E) were investigated immunohistochemically by avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique and immunoelectron microscopy in various gynecologic neoplasms and normal gynecologic tissues. MP2 A and MP2 B were not specific for malignant tumors. MP2 C was present in 67-100% of ovarian carcinomas, 100% of benign dermoid cysts, and 77% of endometrial carcinomas. Except for endocervical adenocarcinomas, MP2 D was hardly detectable in gynecologic malignancies. Although MP2 E was hardly detectable in benign gynecologic tumors, this protein was present in ovarian carcinomas, uterine squamous carcinomas, endocervical adenocarcinomas, and endometrial adenocarcinomas. These results suggest a possible clinical application of these MP2 proteins as a new tumor marker for gynecologic malignancies.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed1991

Tracheoesophageal anastomosis for intractable aspiration pneumonia.

Permanent tracheostomy and tracheoesophageal anastomosis were performed as a means of surgical intervention for the treatment of intractable aspiration pneumonia. Conventional methods of tracheoesophageal anastomosis have entailed various problems. The improved method devised by us uses the special histological features and enables safe and reliable anastomosis. By this method, the tracheal perichondrium is retained and the strength of the anastomosed portion of the trachea is maintained, the failure of sutures due to tension on the anastomotic site being prevented. Also, reanastomosis can be performed after the cure of primary disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Characterization of AL amyloid protein identified by immunoelectron microscopy: a simple method using the protein A-gold technique.

The classification of amyloidosis depends on the chemical nature of the specific amyloid protein involved. Because AL amyloid protein consists mainly of variable regions of light chain (LC), immunohistochemical staining with conventional anti-LC antisera cannot identify its protein. We were able to classify three cases of AL amyloidosis, including one case of AL-kappa LC and two cases of AL-lambda LC, using post-embedding protein A-gold immunoelectron microscopy on autopsy-derived tissues. We describe here our procedure in which a protein A-gold staining apparatus was used. The main advantage of this method is that many sections can be stained and washed simultaneously under the same conditions. These results suggest that the post-embedding protein A-gold technique using conventional kappa or lambda LC may be useful in diagnosing AL amyloidosis.

Amyloid↗

PubMed1991

Demonstration of nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine receptor proteins in gonadotrophs and corticotrophs in rat anterior pituitary by double immunohistochemical staining.

Previously we raised an antiserum (4BII) against nuclear T3 receptor (NT3R), which recognizes c-erb A/NT3R alpha 1 and beta, but not alpha 2. An immunohistochemical study using 4BII revealed that among the tissues examined, the cerebral cortex, anterior pituitary, and thyroid gland exhibited strong immunostaining in the nuclei. In the present study we examined the localization of NT3R proteins in individual cell types of rat anterior pituitary, using the technique of double immunostaining with 4BII and antibodies against pituitary hormones. The cryostat sections and paraffin sections of rat pituitary were incubated with 4BII at 4 C overnight. The NT3R proteins were visualized as brown in the nuclei by avidin-biotin peroxidase staining. The control sections incubated with an antiserum which had previously absorbed with c-erb A peptide or an inactive antiserum showed very poor nuclear staining under the same condition. After being washed with 0.1 M glycine-HCl buffer (pH 2.2) for 2 h to remove 4BII, the sections were incubated with antiserum against individual anterior pituitary hormones at 4 C overnight. Using the method of alkali phosphatase/naphthol/Fast blue staining, the peptide hormones in the cytosol were stained blue. Double staining with 4BII and anti-FSH beta or anti-LH beta anti-serum clearly demonstrated that gonadotrophs contained the NT3R proteins. Similarly, the NT3R proteins in corticotrophs were demonstrated by the immunostaining with 4BII and anti-ACTH antiserum. As expected, the NT3R proteins were present in somatotrophs, thyrotrophs, and lactotrophs. On the other hand, folliculo-stellate cells, which are nonhormone secreting cells and are identified by their S-100 protein immunoreactivity, were stained by 4BII only faintly. The present study demonstrated the existence of NT3R proteins not only in somatotrophs, thyrotrophs and lactotrophs but also gonadotrophs and corticotrophs, suggesting some action of thyroid hormone through the receptor in these cells.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMed1991

Acute pancreatitis and Cushing's disease.

A 64-year-old woman with Cushing's disease died of acute necrotizing pancreatitis. This is the second case of this rare condition, in which acute necrotizing pancreatitis followed an ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism. The possibility that the tricyclic antidepressant drug, amitriptyline hydrochloride, induced the acute pancreatitis could not be ruled out; nevertheless, the present case may serve to add ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism to the possible causes of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1991

Case of conjunctival liposarcoma.

A case of primary conjunctival liposarcoma was reported. The patient was a 62-year-old woman who complained of swelling of the left bulbar conjunctiva. As the swelling lesion did not respond to treatment and had gradually enlarged, surgical excision was performed 18 months after her first visit. The tumor was bean-sized and was located subconjunctivally without connecting orbital tissues. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed numerous neoplastic cells containing stellate and hyperchromatic nucleus. The cytoplasm of these cells contained vacuoles resembling lipid droplets. Signet-ring type cells were also observed. These cells were considered to be lipoblasts. The stroma was myxomatous and thin-walled vessels were observed. The present tumor was confirmed by histopathological study as myxoid liposarcoma and considered to be of bulbar conjunctiva origin. The patient showed no sign of recurrence during 16 months of follow-up.

Conjunctival Neoplasms↗

PubMed1991

Application of immunocytochemistry to the cytologic study of peritoneal fluids in patients with ovarian cancer.

Immunocytochemical methods were evaluated for their usefulness in the identification of malignant cells in cytologic preparations of peritoneal fluids of ovarian cancer. The antibodies used for this study were anti-cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) antibody, anti-carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) antibody, anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibody and anti-epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) antibody. The immunohistochemical and cytochemical results using 4 antibodies for both the histologic specimens and the imprinted smears from tumor tissues of the same patients were compatible in 91.8% (both positive or both negative) of the cases. Reactivities of ascitic specimens taken from benign gynecological lesions were 39.4% with anti-CA-125, 12.1% with anti-CA 19-9, 6.1% with anti-EMA, while none of the 33 cases reacted with anti-CEA antibodies. Comparison of the immunoreactivity with the 4 antibodies in histologic specimens and peritoneal smears with Pap-positive cytology taken from the same patients showed 82.9% compatibility. However, 40% incompatibility was found in the anti-CA-125 staining. Some of the mesothelial cells contained in the peritoneal fluids reacted with the anti-CA-125 antibody. Except for the anti-CA-125 staining, compatibility was 90.3%. These results indicate that the anti-CA-125 antibody can not be used to distinguish benign from malignant cells, while anti-CEA antibody has high specificity for malignant cells. CA19-9, CEA and EMA stainings may be valuable criteria in the cytologic diagnosis of effusions. However, it is possible that individual use of these antibodies may lead to a false negative diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗

PubMed1990

A case of testosterone-secreting adrenal cortical adenoma with spironolactone body-like inclusion.

Testosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma is rare. We recently experienced a 17-year-old pubertal girl who showed signs of virilization and a high serum level of testosterone. The excised adrenal gland showed a 3.5 x 3 x 3-cm cortical adenoma. Light and electron microscopic findings together with the high serum level and high tumor tissue contents of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) indicated that the tumor was a testosterone-secreting adrenal cortical adenoma. This appears to be a rather rare tumor from a review of the literature. Interestingly, in this case, the cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained structures resembling spironolactone bodies. From the results of enzyme histochemistry, the steroidogenetic pathways in this tumor were speculated.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1990

Neuroendocrine differentiation in a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland.

We report a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland with neuroendocrine differentiation. Light microscopically, the tumor appeared as clear cell-type acinic cell carcinoma. In addition, the tumor showed neurosecretory features such as Grimelius positivity and the presence of neurosecretory granules by electron microscopy. We suggest that a tumor cell arising from a stem cell can show simultaneous differentiation to both neuroendocrine and acinic cells.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed1990

Rectal carcinoid tumor metastasizing to the thyroid and pancreas. An autopsy case exploiting immunohistochemistry for differentiation from tumors involving multiple endocrine organs.

A 58-year-old male patient with rectal carcinoid tumor is presented. The tumor extensively involved the lymph nodes and liver, and multiple tumors were also recognized in the pancreas and thyroid. Grossly, it was uncertain whether the latter were metastases from the rectal carcinoid or all were coincident primary tumors involving multiple endocrine organs, so-called multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome. Histologic, histochemical and electron microscopic examinations of the tumors in both the pancreas and thyroid showed similar features to those of the rectal carcinoid. The neoplastic cells in all involved organs commonly expressed positive immunoreactivity for somatostatin, but negativity for carcinoembryonic antigen, calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, thyroglobulin, insulin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide. These immunohistochemical results confirmed that the tumors observed in multiple endocrine organs were indeed metastatic from the rectal carcinoid, rather than being a new combination of MEN syndrome. Some neuroendocrine tumors may develop widespread metastasis, sometimes creating problems with differentiation from multiple primary endocrine tumors. Immunohistochemistry may be of great help in setting this issue.

Carcinoid Tumor↗

PubMed1990

The role of actin in changes of cell shape and steroidogenesis in mouse Y-1 cells stimulated by ACTH--immunocytochemical studies.

We investigated the immunocytochemical localization of two kinds of representative cytoskeletal proteins (tubulin and actin) and the morphology of Y-1 mouse adrenal tumor cells under ACTH stimulation at the light and electron microscopic levels. After ACTH stimulation, Y-1 cells showed the rounding-up phenomenon and increased steroidogenesis. Meanwhile, actin was accumulated near the cell membrane and formed filaments. Electron microscopically, stress fibers disappeared with ACTH administration. However, changes in the tubulin localization (main element of the microtubules) were not conspicuous. Cytochalasin B which blocks formation of actin filaments induced rounding-up of Y-1 cells and inhibited increases of steroid synthesis induced by ACTH. Colchicine caused disappearance of the microtubule-organizing center, but the shape of Y-1 cells was not changed. These results suggested that actin-filaments may be the main filament involved in the changes of cell shape and the increased steroidogenesis induced by ACTH.

Actins↗

PubMed1990

Functional interpretation of the kidney juxtaglomerular apparatus using renin immunohistochemistry in Bartter's, pseudo-Bartter's and Conn's syndromes.

A comparative study of renin immunoreactivity in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the human kidney was performed using the indirect immunoperoxidase method on a random microscopic sections. In renal biopsies taken from a case of Bartter's syndrome and a case of pseudo-Bartter's syndrome, the number of renin-positive juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) and the number of renin-positive cells in each JGA were significantly greater than in five renal specimens from control autopsy cases. In Conn's syndrome, none of the glomeruli contained renin-immunoreactive JGA. The number of renin-positive cells/mm2 in the renal cortex in cases of Bartter's and pseudo-Bartter's syndromes were 17.5 and 20.3, respectively, while in the control group, the range was 0.78-1.77 (mean 1.08). Together with other histochemical findings routinely examined in renal specimens, renin immunohistochemistry on random sections may be helpful in diagnostic renal pathology.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Cardiomyopathy characterized by abnormal accumulation of desmin-type intermediate filaments in cardiac muscle fibers. A case report and review of the literature.

A 42-year-old Japanese male, who had been suffering from congestive heart failure and electrocardiographic abnormalities (A-V block, intraventricular conduction disturbance, ventricular tachycardia), died after a clinical course of 2 years and 1 month. Macroscopic investigation revealed dilation of the left ventricle and thickening of the right ventricular wall. The unique finding in this case was a circumferential fibrous scar in the median circular layer and outer oblique layer of the left ventricular wall. Biopsy and autopsy materials revealed diffuse loss of myofibrils in the central zone of cardiac muscle fibers, and replacement with aniline blue-positive homogeneous material (17-35% of the area of one muscle fiber). Electron microscopy revealed abnormal accumulation of fine filamentous material (7.5-25 nm in diameter), which was immunohistochemically proved to be desmin-type intermediate filament. Moreover, sarcoplasmic reticulum-like material was detected in the degenerated area. At autopsy, degeneration was detected all over the heart. The ventricular muscle fibers were more severely affected than the atrial muscle fibers. The conduction system was also affected, in some parts more severely than the surrounding ordinary muscle fibers. The pathogenesis of this disorder remains to be clarified.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

C cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Follicular variant.

A case of C cell carcinoma of the thyroid with an unusual follicular growth pattern of the cancerous C cells is described. The primary tumor consisted of a mixture of medullary and follicular features while the metastatic foci in the lymph nodes and liver displayed only a medullary arrangement. Histochemical study disclosed numerous argyrophilic cells in both the follicular and medullary parts. These cells were immunohistochemically positive for calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and other peptides as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), but negative for thyroglobulin. Radioimmunoassay done on the tissue extract revealed a high content of calcitonin. Electron microscopy showed small intracytoplasmic secretory granules and, in the follicular lining cells, formation of microvilli. A minor component consisting of glandular structures has been reported in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, suggesting a potentiality for glandular differentiation of the C cells. In equivocal cases, immunohistochemical examination for calcitonin and thyroglobulin is essential for accurate diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1989

Electron-immunocytochemical localization of calcitonin and calcitonin-gene-related peptide in human c cells of the thyroid.

A preembedding immunocytochemical technique enabled us to demonstrate normal human parafollicular (C) cells at the electron-microscopic level. The normal human C cells had numerous large secretory granules with a diameter of approximately 200 nm, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex in their cytoplasm. Calcitonin immunoreactivity and calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity were present only in the C cells whose secretory granules were heavily labeled. Both calcitonin and CGRP immunoreaction deposits were seen in the cytosol but not in the cisterna of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondrial matrix. The two peptides produced from a single calcitonin gene were stored in the secretory granules of the C cells.

Calcitonin↗