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Biomedical subjects

Y Ono

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ono.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[A case of myogenic intractable pain due to thalamic hemorrhage relieved by Vim-Vo thalamotomy].

A 58-year-old female patient with myogenic intractable pain due to thalamic hemorrhage which was relieved by stereotactic Vim-Vo thalamotomy was reported. She had an intractable pain, involuntary movement and deep sensory disturbance in her right arm. We performed stereotactic Vim-Vo thalamotomy using electrophysiological technique to relieve her involuntary movement and myogenic intractable pain. The electrophysiological recordings suggested the followings: (1) The destructive lesion by thalamic hemorrhage was located on from posterior border of Vim nucleus to the upper half of Vc nucleus. (2) Most of Vim neurons remained as intact state. (3) Thalamic electrical activities were relatively enhanced in the Vim nucleus. From these data, we can deduce that the deep sensory inputs reach the border area of Vim nucleus and Vc nucleus in the human thalamus. IMP-SPECT scans were performed before and after the operation. IMP-SPECT scan before operation showed us the contra-lateral cerebellar low perfusional state (crossed cerebellar diaschisis). This crossed cerebellar diaschisis disappeared after the operation. This result suggested that the interaction of cerebellum and Vim nucleus was very close. The above mentioned speculation was more compatible to Jones & Hirai's new parcellation of the human thalamus than to Hassler's.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1995

Urodynamic study of storage and evacuation of urine in patients with a urethral Kock pouch.

PURPOSE: The urodynamics of pouch-urethra function were investigated in patients with a urethral Kock pouch to understand mechanisms involved in the storage and evacuation of urine, and elucidate any problems of long-term outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urodynamic evaluation was performed in 18 male patients who underwent bladder replacement with a urethral Kock pouch following radical cystectomy. RESULTS: Good urinary continence was achieved with normal frequency of voiding. On urodynamics pressure within the pouch remained low during the storage phase (mean 33.2 cm. water) but markedly increased during the evacuation of urine (mean 77.3 cm. water). In 8 patients (44%) extremely high pressure within the pouch (80 to 150 cm. water) was noted at voiding. Clean intermittent self-catheterization was initiated in a patient with high pressure within the pouch at voiding in whom pouch-ureter reflux developed 7 months postoperatively. The external urethral sphincter was impaired to some extent postoperatively but it contracted in response to filling of the pouch with a marked increase in urethral pressure from a mean of 31.6 to 66.3 cm. water. CONCLUSIONS: Urodynamic and radiological studies will be necessary periodically since high pressure within the pouch at voiding might jeopardize the antireflux mechanism, leading to reflux and renal impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A developmental index of muscle strength and assessment of quadriceps function in children with spina bifida.

This study was designed to develop a new index of muscle strength for children that was independent of body weight thus accommodated their developmental changes and to assess the quadriceps strength influencing ambulatory status in children with spina bifida. Maximum voluntary strength in isometric knee extension was measured from 60 children with spina bifida and 92 normal children. The measured strength was described in terms of torque. A muscle strength index (MSI) was defined as a unitless measure independent of the subject's body weight (i) by normalizing the residual of the maximum torque from the developmental regression line for normal children by body weight and, furthermore, (ii) by dividing the normalized residuals by their standard deviation among normal children. Children with spina bifida demonstrated a tendency to increase in maximum quadriceps torque with body weight; however, spina bifida children with a body weight above 30 kg showed a progressive decrease in MSI below a normal limit of muscle weakness. The MSI was closely related to both neurologic level and ambulatory ability compared with the maximum torque. These findings suggest MSI provides useful and detailed information for assessing and predicting ambulatory ability in children with spina bifida.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic nephrectomy using a retroperitoneal approach: comparison with a transabdominal approach.

To evaluate the efficacy of the retroperitoneal approach in laparoscopic nephrectomy, our procedures involving laparoscopic nephrectomy using a retroperitoneal approach are described and the clinical results of six patients treated in this way are compared with those of 32 transabdominally nephrectomized patients. Of the six retroperitoneally nephrectomized patients, six kidneys were successfully removed without severe complication, and 28 kidneys were successfully removed in the 32 intraabdominally approached group. Three of the 28 patients had complications requiring open laparotomy. The operating time was 2.7 hours in the 6 retroperitoneal patients and 4.4 hours in the 28 transabdominal patients. Estimated blood loss was 92 ml in the retroperitoneal group and 450 ml in the transabdominal group. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8 days and 9 days, respectively. These results indicate that the retroperitoneal approach might be preferable in laparoscopic nephrectomy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1995

[Autologous blood transfusion in cardiac surgery over 70-year-old patients].

We discussed the problems for autologous blood transfusion particularly in the preoperative blood donation about the patients over 70-year-old who underwent cardiac surgery in contrast with the younger patients. Following results were obtained: 1) Because aged patients have the tendency of anemia before predonation, full storage of blood donation could not be successed. 2 of 8 over 70-year-old patients were able to do the preoperative phlebotomy, and their mean volume were 355 gram as whole blood. On the other hand, 96% patients in younger group were phlebotomized preoperatively, and their mean value of storaged blood volume were 757 gram. 2) As the examinations about the iron-related parameters, not all aged patients were iron deficiency status. Their reticulocyte counts were nearly equal level to the younger group and plasma concentration of erythropoietin were higher in the aged patients than that in the younger group. These results indicate that erythropoiesis in the bone marrow was deteriorated in the aged patients. 3) In aged patients, all of them were required homologous blood transfusion at their perioperative terms. We thought that they have had the anemia before preoperation and our tolerable, allowable level to the postoperative anemia was not lower in the aged patients as against to the younger group. 4) We performed the autologous plasma donation with the membranous plasma separator added to the whole blood donation. It was easy and safe method, and circulatory indices were not changed before and after plasma-separation even in the aged patients. These autologous plasma were usefully administered as the volume expander postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Transurethral ureteroscopic ureterotomy assisted by a prior balloon dilation for relieving ureteral strictures.

We developed a procedure to correct ureteral obstruction that consists of transurethral ureteroscopic balloon dilation of the stenotic segment followed by a ureteroscopic ureterotomy. Since February 1989 we treated 20 ureters in 19 patients with upper urinary tract obstruction, with an 85% success rate. Stenosis was primary in 4 patients, and secondary to a prior operation in 10, calculi in 4 and endometriosis in 2. The stenotic segment was pretreated with balloon dilation through an 11.5F rigid ureteroscope and then incised using a 12F optical ureterotome equipped with a cold knife. Thereafter, a 12F Double-J* catheter was left in situ for 6 weeks. Followup ranged from 4 to 55 months (mean 18). In these 19 patients obstruction resolved completely in 8 (8 ureters) and partially in 8 (9 ureters). Postoperatively, the obstruction remained unchanged in 2 patients and 1 experienced injury to the common iliac artery during the procedure. Our findings suggest that this procedure may prove beneficial in treating obstructive ureteral diseases.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1995

[Efficacy and assessment of patient education as related to morbidity from asthma].

Asthmatic patients are sometimes ignorant of their treatment and of the pathophysiology of their disease. In such patients, anxiety about the disease may worsen their condition. We studied the effects of an educational program for bronchial asthma. In 45 patients, the Severity of Asthma Scores before and after the program were measured. Sixty percent of the patients were assessed as "improved". On self-administered questionnaires concerned with asthma, most of the patients indicated that the program significantly improved their condition, reduced apprehension about the disease, and increased their trust in the hospital. In 24 patients, three psychological tests were done. Results of the comprehensive asthma inventory indicated that the program was useful for dependent and self-disciplined patients, but was not useful for resigned and depressed patients. The Y-G test showed that most of the patients who were helped by the program were introverted. Results of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule revealed a difference in desire between the group that benefitted from the program and the group that did not. These results suggest that each group had a certain inclination toward psychogenic symptoms. Therefore, psychological tests are useful for predicting the effects of education. In conclusion, educational programs for patients with bronchial asthma may affect morbidity from asthma. Possible mechanisms include relief of anxiety about the disease and improvement in the patient's compliance with prescribed therapy.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1995

Myocardial blood flow: comparison of oxygen-15-water bolus injection, slow infusion and oxygen-15-carbon dioxide slow inhalation.

UNLABELLED: This study investigates the most appropriate protocol for measuring regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) using 15O-water in clinical applications. METHODS: Regional MBF, perfusable tissue fraction (PTF) and arterial blood volume (Va) were measured using 15O-water and dynamic PET on five healthy volunteers based on previously published models. Calculated values were compared for the following three tracer administration protocols: 15O-water bolus injection, 15O-water slow (2 min) infusion and 15O-carbon dioxide slow (2 min) inhalation. For the two slow administration protocols, the three parameters MBF, PTF and Va were computed by fitting the model equations to the myocardial regional time-activity curve. For the bolus injection of 15O-water, only two parameters, MBF and PTF, were fitted by using a fixed Va value obtained by a carbon dioxide blood volume scan. RESULTS: All protocols provided consistent MBF values, and the calculated values were homogeneous throughout the whole myocardial segments for all subjects. PTF values were also homogeneous and consistent in the anterior and lateral wall regions, but were significantly greater in the septum (approximately 20%) when the slow 15O-carbon dioxide inhalation protocol was used. MBF and PTF values obtained from the bolus injection protocol showed the smallest intersubject and interregional variations. The simulation study also showed that the magnitude of error was smallest when the bolus injection protocol was employed. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that the 15O-water bolus injection protocol together with the two-parameter fitting procedure provides the most accurate results for MBF and PTF. However, it requires arterial cannulation and a separate carbon monoxide scan. For clinical studies, however, the 15O-water infusion protocol would be a good alternative, providing MBF and PTF results with an acceptable degree of accuracy and without the need for arterial cannulation.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

[Morphological observation of a process of bone marrow hypoplastic formation in a case of aplastic anemia].

Bone marrow morphological change was consecutively analyzed form the disease onset to the formation of bone marrow aplasia in a patient with post-hepatitic aplastic anemia. In this case, the mean bone marrow cellularity and absolute numbers of erythroids and megakaryocytes were continuously higher than those in normal subjects for 3 weeks after the appearance of peripheral pancytopenia. During this stage, administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) improved marrow myeloid hypoplasia and peripheral neutropenia. During the period in which the marrow cellularity transformed from hyperplasia to hypoplasia, the bone marrow showed a mixture of hyper-, normo- and hypocellular portions, and the decrease in the megakaryocytes was the faster than myeloid and erythroid cells. These findings indicate that (1) ineffective hematopoiesis might be present in the early stage of the disease, (2) G-CSF responsive granulocytic precursors remained during the early stage of the disease, and (3) the marrow aplasia progressed in the manner of aplastic nest formation during the period in which the marrow cellularity declined to hypoplasia. We experienced another case of aplastic anemia showing the same progress of bone marrow findings and speculated that this might be one of the ways of the progression of bone marrow hypoplastic formation in aplastic anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical outcome of radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection].

Between September, 1987 and September, 1993, a total of 44 consecutive patients had undergone radical retropubic prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy for the treatment of prostate cancer. The patients were between 56 and 77 years (mean, 68 years). Eleven patients had clinical state A2 disease, 21 had stage B disease, and 12 had stage C disease. Fourteen of the 44 patients (32%) had positive lymph node metastases. The 5-year survival rate for patients with pT1, pT2 and pT3 was 100%, 71% and 87%, respectively. It was 77% in patients with positive node disease and 90% in patients with negative node disease. The 5-year disease-free survival rate for patients with pT1, pT2 and pT3 was 82%, and 78%, respectively. It was 54% in patients with positive node disease and 88% in patients with negative node disease. In 14 positive node patients, metastases were located in obturater nodes in 8 patients (57%), hypogastric nodes, in 6 patients (43%), external iliac nodes in 6 patients (43%), common iliac nodes in 4 patients (29%) and presacral nodes in 2 patients (14%). We confirmed that radical retropubic prostatectomy is effective treatment for locally confined prostate cancer and removal of obturater, hypogastric lymph nodes and the internal chain of external iliac lymph nodes is important in detecting metastases.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Indication of neobladder replacement in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer].

Neobladder replacement has become an important procedure in the patient undergoing radical cystectomy for invasive bladder cancer. It yields postoperatively excellent quality of life in these patients. The indications of the patients selection have not been established, since long-term clinical results have not been presented and some issues such as urethral recurrence of the original disease, growth of the cancer from the neobladder made of the gastrointestinal tract and influences arising from orthotopic micturition are still unclear. We reviewed the reports describing neobladder replacement in the patients undergoing cystectomy for the bladder cancer. At present the criteria of patients selection described by most authors can be summarized as follows, (1) male patients, (2) patients having an available gastrointestinal tract for reconstructing the neobladder, (3) patients having a good renal function and liver function and could tolerate for the surgery and (4) patients with no evidence of disease in their urethra and prostate (direct invasion of the disease). As to carcinoma in situ within the bladder, some authors included their indication and the others contraindication.

Cystectomy↗
PubMed1995

Transgene inheritance and retroviral infection contribute to the efficiency of gene expression in solid tumors inoculated with retroviral vector producer cells.

One strategy to achieve efficient gene delivery into brain tumors employs the stereotactic implantation of fibroblasts that express a foreign gene and produce a retroviral vector bearing that gene. Another method involves the grafting of fibroblasts genetically engineered to produce a foreign gene product of interest. It is not clear to what extent retrovirus production in vivo provides an advantage over the grafting of genetically engineered cells for the purpose of achieving transgene expression. These two methods of gene delivery were compared in vivo by using the following cell lines: CRIP-MFG-LacZ cells, which express the lacZ gene and produce retrovirus vectors that bear this gene, and CRIP-LacZ cells, which express the lacZ gene, but do not produce retrovirus. Gene delivery was assessed in C6 gliomas established in the righ frontal lobe of athymic mice. CRIP-MFG-LacZ or CRIP-LacZ cells were inoculated stereotactically into these tumors. When CRIP-MFG-LacZ cells were used, a relatively elevated level of lacZ gene expression was present in cells scattered throughout the tumor. Using a computerized imaging system, this expression occurred in approximately 10% of the tumor area at 1 week, 42% at 2 weeks, and 32% at 3 weeks. In contrast, with CRIP-LacZ cells, lacZ gene expression was much weaker and occurred in a more focal area within the tumor. This expression occupied approximately 5% of the tumor area at 1 and 2 weeks and had almost disappeared at 3 weeks. In both cases there was no notable expression of the transgene in normal brain cells. In conclusion, transgene expression in brain tumors was achieved in more cells, at higher levels, and for longer time periods with retroviral vector-producing cells than with genetically engineered fibroblasts. This efficiency of gene delivery likely results from direct in situ delivery of the transgene to tumor cells with subsequent inheritance of the reporter gene to progeny tumor cells.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1995

[Hematological stability under ubenimex monotherapy in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia developing marrow karyotypic changes during the course].

We encountered a 71-year-old female with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, M1), who maintained a steady hematological state for 22 months under ubenimex monotherapy. At the first medical examination in our hospital, the marrow cellularity was approximately 40% containing leukemic myeloblasts of 41.4% in the total nucleated cells, and the marrow cytogenetic study revealed 47, XX, + 8 in 13 of 20 cells analyzed. Nineteen months later, the bone marrow showed definite hypoplasia with leukemic blasts of 39.8% and chromosome finding of 46, XX, ins (10;?) (q11;?) in all cells analyzed. During the course, the patient has been doing well without transfusion of red blood cells or platelets.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Human fibroblast cells produce a factor that stimulates prostacyclin synthesis by vascular endothelial cells.

The prostacyclin (PGI2) produced by vascular endothelium plays a key role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. The present study demonstrated that the conditioned medium (CM) of human diploid fibroblast cells contained PGI2-stimulatory activity (PSA) for bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). CM significantly stimulated the production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, a stable PGI2 metabolite, by both cultured BAEC and HUVEC in a concentration-dependent manner. Since the factor responsible for the PSA seemed to be negatively charged, PSA was partially purified using a DEAE-5PW high performance liquid chromatography column. The partially purified PSA was completely inhibited by preincubation with 15 microM indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. However, partially purified PSA was partially inhibited by preincubation with 50 microM mepacrine, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor. These findings suggest that PSA stimulates preferentially cyclooxygenase relative to phospholipase A2 in vascular endothelial cells. The partially purified PSA showed no effect on thromboxane A2 production by human washed platelets, and had no growth-promoting activity on BAEC. We conclude that cultured human fibroblast cells produce factor that stimulate the synthesis of prostaglandin by vascular endothelial cells but not by platelets.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hac1: a novel yeast bZIP protein binding to the CRE motif is a multicopy suppressor for cdc10 mutant of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

We cloned by phenotypic complementation a novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae's multicopy suppressor of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc10-129 mutant which we call HAC1, an acronym of 'homologous to ATF/CREB 1'. It encodes a bZIP (basic-leucine zipper) protein of 230 amino acids with close homology to the mammalian ATF/CREB transcription factor and gel-retardation assays showed that it binds specifically to the CRE motif. HAC1 is not essential for viability. However, the hac1 disruptant becomes caffeine sensitive, which is suppressed by multicopy expression of the yeast PDE2 (Phosphodiesterase 2) gene. Although the mRNA level of HAC1 is almost constitutive throughout the cell cycle, it fluctuates during meiosis. The upstream region of the HAC1 gene contains a T4C site, a URS (upstream repression sequence) and a TR (T-rich) box-like sequence, which reside upstream of many meiotic genes. These results suggest that HAC1 may also be one of the meiotic genes.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1994

Molecular cloning of rat RAC protein kinase alpha and beta and their association with protein kinase C zeta.

cDNAs of RAC protein kinases (RAC-PK) alpha and beta were cloned from a rat testis cDNA library. The predicted open reading frames encode 480 and 481 amino acids of RAC-PK alpha and beta, respectively, and the rat RAC-PK alpha and beta have sequences conserved among different mammalian species such as the pleckstrin homology domain at their amino-terminal region and the protein-serine/threonine kinase catalytic domain at their carboxyl-terminal region. RNA blot analysis showed wide distribution of two RAC-PK in rat tissues. Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that RAC-PK alpha and beta associate with protein kinase C zeta through the pleckstrin homology domain in vitro, suggesting the interaction between RAC-PK and protein kinase C.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Activation of PKN, a novel 120-kDa protein kinase with leucine zipper-like sequences, by unsaturated fatty acids and by limited proteolysis.

PKN, a novel protein kinase with catalytic domain homologous to PKC family and unique amino terminal leucine zipper-like sequences, was purified partially from COS7 cells transfected with the cDNA construct encoding human PKN for enzymatic characterization of the enzyme. Using serine containing synthetic peptides based on PKC pseudosubstrate sites as the phosphate acceptors, kinase activities estimated from partially purified PKN were not stimulated by Ca2+/phosphatidylserine/diolein but were activated several-fold to several tens-fold by 40 microM unsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid. Autophosphorylation of the immunoprecipitates using anti-PKN antiserum was also stimulated by various unsaturated fatty acids. Limited proteolysis of PKN with trypsin induced an enhancement of the peptide kinase activity that was almost independent of arachidonic acid.

Amino Acid Sequence↗