Biomedical subjects

Y Ono

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ono.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Sequential changes in the prostatic fluid level of latamoxef in patients with acute bacterial prostatitis.

The sequential expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) levels of latamoxef (LMOX) were measured in 14 patients with acute bacterial prostatitis to evaluate the diffusion of this antibiotic from the plasma into the prostatic fluid. All patients received 2 g of LMOX on the 1st, 4th, and 7th days of hospitalization. The mean LMOX level in EPS and the EPS/serum ratio were 16.4 micrograms/ml and 0.24 on the 1st day, 5.5 micrograms/ml and 0.08 on the 4th day, and 3.5 micrograms/ml and 0.04 on the 7th day, respectively. The mean value of prostatic fluid was 7.7, 7.8, and 7.8, respectively. Thus, both the EPS level of LMOX and the EPS/serum ratio decreased along with the recovery from acute bacterial prostatitis and did not correlate with the pH gradient between prostatic fluid and plasma.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1995

Glomerular dynamics and morphology of aged spontaneously hypertensive rats. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition.

Relationships between glomerular dynamics and renal injury, micropuncture and histological studies were assessed in 73 week-old normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats divided into untreated and angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor-treated (quinapril; 3 mg/kg/day; for 3 weeks) groups. Urinary protein excretion (UPE) and histologic arteriolar (AIS) and glomerular (GIS) injury scores were determined. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) of untreated SHR was increased compared with WKY (200 +/- 6 vs 119 +/- 4 mm Hg; P < 0.01), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) was reduced (1.47 +/- 0.21 vs 3.06 +/- 0.26 ml/min/per g; P > 0.01), and filtration fraction (FF) and total renal vascular resistance (RVR) of SHR were increased (P < 0.01). Single-nephron plasma flow (SNPF) of untreated SHR was decreased (174 +/- 17 vs 80 +/- 9 ml/min; P < 0.01), and single-nephron filtration fraction and afferent arteriolar resistance (RA) were increased (19.4 +/- 1.8 vs 30.0 +/- 2.5% and 1.90 +/- 0.25 vs 9.05 +/- 1.35 U, respectively; both P < 0.01). Despite reduced SNPF, glomerular capillary pressure (PG) increased (49.7 +/- 0.7 vs 53.8 +/- 1.3 mm Hg; P < 0.05), the result of efferent arteriolar constriction (1.15 +/- 0.18 vs 2.84 +/- 0.36 U; P < 0.01). Untreated SHR had higher UPE (13.9 +/- 1.5 vs 42.8 +/- 3.2; mg/100 g per day; P < 0.01) and GIS and AIS scores than WKY (4.3 +/- 1.1 vs 64.3 +/- 8.4 and 16.6 +/- 3.1 vs 96.3 +/- 14.4; both P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗

PubMed1995

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Systemic, renal, and glomerular hemodynamics.

To investigate the prolonged effects of nitric oxide inhibition on systemic, renal, and glomerular hemodynamics, the effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on cardiac index, renal micropuncture results, urinary excretion, and histology were obtained in 20-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) that were divided into two groups: untreated and L-NAME-treated (50 mg/L), each followed for 3 weeks. Cardiac index and effective renal plasma flow decreased (P < .01) in L-NAME-treated SHR, exhibiting a positive correlation (r = .816; P < .0001). Single-nephron plasma flow (123 +/- 8 versus 80 +/- 12 nL/min per gram; P < .01) and ultrafiltration coefficient (P < .05) were also reduced in L-NAME-treated SHR versus controls. Most notably, the L-NAME-treated SHR had increased afferent (4.4 +/- 0.3 versus 9.5 +/- 1.3 U; P < .01) and efferent (1.4 +/- 0.1 versus 2.7 +/- 0.3 U; P < .01) glomerular arteriolar resistances versus controls. These functional changes were associated with significantly altered afferent arteriolar (P < .001) and glomerular (P < .005) histological injury scores accompanied by marked proteinuria (P < .001). Because of the intense afferent glomerular artery constriction and lesser increase in efferent glomerular arteriolar resistance associated with reduced single-nephron plasma flow, glomerular capillary pressure did not increase in the L-NAME-treated SHR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗

PubMed1995

Prevalence of seasonal difficulties in mood and behavior among Japanese civil servants.

OBJECTIVE: Most prevalence studies of seasonal changes in mood and behavior have come from Western countries. The authors' goal was to determine the prevalence of seasonal changes in mood and behavior in a randomly selected group of Japanese workers. METHOD: They administered a Japanese translation of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire to 1,276 civil servants in Nagoya, Japan. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of winter seasonal affective disorder was 0.86%, the estimated prevalence of winter subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder was 0.86%, the estimated prevalence of summer seasonal affective disorder was 0.94%, and the estimated prevalence of summer subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder was 2.12%. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that seasonal changes in mood and behavior occur in Japan, but at a lower frequency and with a different profile than in the United States or Europe.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Determination and properties of acetyl conjugate of N-desisopropylpropranolol, AcNDP.

1-Acetamino-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol (AcNDP) detected in human urine was formed as a metabolite of propranolol (PL) via 1-amino-3-(L-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol (N-desisopropylpropranolol, NDP). The excreted amount of AcNDP was determined by GC-MS using an isotope dilution method. More than 40% of total AcNDP in 24 h urine was detected 10 h after the oral administration of PL to two volunteers, and the total amounts during 24 h urine were at least 1.9-3.9% of the PL dose. As AcNDP is an intermediate metabolite of PL, its urinary amount cannot be determined exactly. Incidentally, AcNDP was chemically stable and was not formed from NDP when acetyl CoA was added to the inactivated hepatocyte system. Thus, the acetylation of NDP, an aliphatic primary amine, was confirmed to be catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase, and interestingly, the acetyl conjugation was inhibited not by sulfamethazine but by p-amino benzoic acid.

Acetamides↗

PubMed1995

[Examination of toxin production from environmental Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis].

Emetic toxin- and entero toxin-producing activities were examined for 524 strains of Bacillus cereus and 90 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis to determine the distribution and contamination in natural environment, including foods, vegetable, soil and etc. Emetic toxin was assayed by the production of acid from HEp-2 cells induced by the culture supernatants of Bacillus, which was developed as an improved method for the detection of B. cereus heat-stable emetic-toxin by us. In the 524 strains of B. cereus tested, 11 out of 60 strains obtained from bean paste and 5 out of 20 strains obtained from peach produced emetic toxin which was detected by the HEp-2 cell method. All these emetic toxin-producing isolate strains were classified into H1 serotype. The 90 strains of B. thuringiensis did not produce emetic toxin, but the 47 strains produced entero toxin.

Bacillus cereus↗

PubMed1995

Isolation and structure of the sex pheromone inhibitor, iAM373, of Enterococcus faecalis.

An Enterococcus faecalis plasmid, pAM373, has a high frequency of transfer in a liquid medium when induced by a recipient-produced sex pheromone, cAM373. The sex pheromone inhibitor against cAM373, termed iAM373, was isolated from a culture supernatant of E. faecalis harboring pAM377 (= pAM373::Tn917), and its structure was identified as a heptapeptide, H-Ser-Ile-Phe-Thr-Leu-Val-Ala-OH).

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Isolation and structure of the Enterococcus faecalis sex pheromone, cOB1, that induces conjugal transfer of the hemolysin/bacteriocin plasmids, pOB1 and pYI1.

A bacterial sex pheromone, cOB1, which induces conjugal transfer of the Enterococcus faecalis hemolysin-bacteriocin (Hly/Bac) plasmid, pOB1, was isolated from the culture broth of pOB1-free E. faecalis. Its structure was found to be a hydrophobic octapeptide, H-Val-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Leu-Gly-Ala-OH. The cOB1 peptide induced the mating response of not only pOB1 but also another incompatibility group Hly/Bac plasmid, pYI1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Impaired feedback inhibition of insulin secretion by hyperinsulinemia in patients with insulinoma.

By means of the euglycemic three step hyperinsulinemic clamp technique, suppression of endogenous C-peptide secretion by exogenous insulin infusion was evaluated in patients with insulinoma (n = 8) and healthy controls (n = 20). Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp studies were performed with an artificial pancreas (STG-22 NIKKISO, Tokyo, Japan). Insulin (Actrapid human insulin) was infused at the rate of 1.12, 3, and 10 mU/kg/min. Plasma glucose levels were clamped at 80 mg/dl, and high insulin levels were maintained in all subjects (833 +/- 78 microU/ml at the rate of 10 mU/kg/min insulin infusion). During the clamp studies, plasma C-peptide levels in normal subjects declined from 2.0 +/- 0.2 to 0.9 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, indicating suppression of endogenous insulin secretion by exogenous insulin infusion. In patients with insulinoma, plasma C-peptide levels were 3.1 +/- 1.6 ng/ml in the basal state, and were not suppressed even during exogenous hyperinsulinemia. We concluded that the feedback inhibition of insulin secretion by exogenous insulin infusion is attenuated in patients with insulinoma, and that the hyperinsulinemic clamp technique may be a useful method for the diagnosis of insulinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Relationship of task strain and physical strength to end-of-work fatigue among nurses at social welfare facilities.

To study the relationship of task strain and physical fitness to fatigue among nurses employed at social welfare facilities, we investigated the degree of habitual end-of-work fatigue among 99 nurses (ages 20-49 years) in its relationship to both the degree of strain in various tasks and various indices of physical fitness. Results were as follows: (1) Fatigue complaint rates were nearly the same (35-38%) regardless of age. (2) Mean arm power and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were significantly lower in a high degree of fatigue group than a low degree of fatigue group. (3) Four of 21 tasks elicited strain complaint rates greater than 50%: "nursing of seriously ill patients", "nursing of medical device-assisted patients", "bathing care", and "excretory/diaper changing care". (4) Significant positive correlations were noted between the degree of fatigue and the degree of strain complaint with regard to "nursing of medical device-assisted patients", "bathing care", and "excretory/diaper changing care". (5) Strain complaint rates were significantly higher in a low arm power group than a high arm power group with regard to "nursing of seriously ill patients", "nursing of medical device-assisted patients", and "excretory/diaper changing care". (6) Strain complaint rates were significantly higher in a low VO2max group than a high VO2max group with regard to "nursing of medical device-assisted patients", "bathing care", and "excretory/diaper changing care". These results suggest the need for measures to alleviate task strain and to increase arm strength and overall stamina so that nursing work does not result in excessive fatigue.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Eosinophils infiltration in the rat seminal vesicle associated with estradiol-17-beta-related stromal proliferation.

We performed a histological quantitative analysis of collagen and smooth muscle in seminal vesicle (SV) stroma after Estradiol-17 beta (E2) administration to the immature castrated rat. On day 14 after E2 administration, collagen and smooth muscle had increased approximately five and fifteen times, respectively, over the baseline of day 0. On day 28 (14 days after the cessation of E2 administration), smooth muscle decreased to the same level as that on day 7, but collagen did not decrease during the 14 days after the cessation of E2 administration. As the proliferation of stroma, the infiltration of eosinophils was seen in the perigrandular stroma that consisted of rich collagen. The number of infiltrated eosinophils increased exponentially in the period in which collagen proliferated. But in the peripheral stroma which consists of rich smooth muscle, no eosinophil infiltration was seen. These results suggest that eosinophil infiltration into SV is related to E2 administration and to stromal proliferation, especially to collagen proliferation in this condition.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Effects of marital status and position on personality traits in engineers of a computer manufacturing plant.

To investigate the effects of marital status and position on DSM-III-R personality traits, we administered the self-rating questionnaires of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders to 757 male computer engineers, aged 20 to 49 years, at a computer manufacturing plant. The scores for six of eleven personality traits were significantly higher in single computer engineers than in married ones. Also, among the engineers aged 40 to 49, the scores for six personality traits of section-heads were significantly higher than those among persons in the other positions. These findings suggest that "maladaptive" personality traits, defined by the DSM-III-R, differ with marital status and position in a company.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Effects of porcine somatotropin administration on porcine muscles located within different regions of the body.

This research was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of muscle fiber growth and the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST; 100 micrograms.kg-1 BW.d-1) administration on the morphology of 12 muscles located in different regions of the body in barrows growing from 20 to 90 kg BW. In the course of the growth of control pigs, the percentage distribution of beta R fibers did not show any changes in all 12 muscles, whereas the percentage of alpha R and alpha W fibers changed in different patterns in different muscles. The administration of pST had no effect on fiber type distribution. The cross-sectional area of alpha W fibers was the largest of the three fiber types, and beta R and alpha R fibers were of similar size in all muscles. All fiber types in all muscles increased in cross-sectional area by an average of 120% from 20 to 60 kg BW. After 60 kg BW, the growth of alpha W fibers in seven (early maturing) muscles and alpha R fibers in one muscle out of the 12 muscles was not apparent. The increase of their cross-sectional area was an average of 12%, but the area of the other muscle fibers continued to increase by an average of 38% until 90 kg BW. The administration of pST increased the area of alpha W fibers in four out of seven of these early-maturing muscles by an average of 25%, suggesting some possible relationships between pST effects and the rate of muscle fiber maturation. Most of the muscles that responded to pST treatment were located in hindlimb region.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Clinical results of IV-compa (cisplatin, vincristine, methotrexate, peplomycin and adriamycin) chemotherapy for advanced urothelial cancer].

We have developed a new combination intravenous chemotherapy regimen called COMPA (IV-COMPA). The clinical value of IV-COMPA chemotherapy was evaluated based on the results of 24 patients with urothelial cancers. From October 1989 through October 1993, a total of 24 patients (20 males and 4 females) received IV-COMPA chemotherapy at Tokyo Medical College Hospital and Tokyo Medical College Hachioji Medical Center. All patients had advanced transitional cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the urothelial tract (renal pelvis, ureter or bladder). One course of IV-COMPA was delivered at 2-week intervals and consisted of 30 mg/m2 CDDP on day 4 and 5, 0.6 mg/m2 VCR (Oncovin) on day 1 and 2, 5 mg/m2 MTX on day 2 and 3, 5 mg/m2 PEP on day 1, 2 and 3, 20 mg/m2 ADM on day 4. A few patients received the same regimen without peplomycin called IV-COMA to avoid pulmonary fibrosis. Fifteen patients with surgically confirmed invasive carcinoma were defined by at least 1 of the following criteria: multiple tumors or size greater than 5 cm, grade 3, stage P3 or P4, pN+, pR1, pL1, pV1, or secondary carcinoma in situ. These patients were treated with 2 or 3 corpses of postoperative IV-COMPA chemotherapy to improve prognosis. In this group, 14 of 15 (93%) are alive at a median follow-up of 22 months (range, 8-57 months) and actuarial survival rates of 1 and 3 years were 100%, 90.9%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1995

[Treatment of stone street after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of staghorn calculi].

During ESWL monotherapy for staghorn calculi, the formation of a stone street in the ureter is often encountered, and can be a troublesome problem. At the Komaki Shimin Hospital, 75 patients with staghorn calculi were treated with ESWL monotherapy using a Dornier HM-3 lithotriptor between October 1987 and August 1992. Among them, three patients had involvement of both collecting systems. An indwelling double J catheter was always inserted during treatment. Our strategy for the treatment of stone street was as follows; observation was initially performed for one month after ESWL, as long as pyelonephritis and/or complete obstruction did not occur. In the patients without any improvement of the stone street, TUL or ESWL was then performed for removal. A stone street (stone fragments extending > or = 4 cm) was formed in 38 of 78 renal units (49%). In 14 cases (37%), it disappeared spontaneously. TUL was required in 14 unit (37%), ESWL in eight units (21%), and both procedures in two units (5%). In one unit (3%), renal function was severely damaged. In another unit, ureteric perforation occurred during the TUL procedure, and caused stone loss outside the ureter. To clarify the factors causing stone street, we compared the number of shock waves, the size of the stones, the severity of hydronephrosis and renal function in stone street formers and non-formers. However there were no significant differences among these factors. In conclusion, since it is impossible to predict stone street formation after ESWL monotherapy for staghorn calculi, patency of the indwelling double J catheter should be maintained and stone removal should be attempted after one month if necessary.

Calcium Oxalate↗

PubMed1995

[Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. Analysis of 10 cases and preliminary report of retroperitoneal approach].

PURPOSE: To examine the efficacy of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LPRNX) for patients with small renal cell carcinoma, the clinical result of 10 patients treated with this procedure was analysed. MATERIALS: Ten patients with renal cell carcinoma measuring diameter less than 5 cm were treated by LPRNX between July 1992 and October 1994. Four cases had T1N0M0 disease and 6 had T2N0M0 disease. Of the 10 patients, seven had right sided tumor and three had left sided tumor. METHOD: Trans-abdominal approach was employed for the initial 8 cases. Retroperitoneal approach was applied for the last 2 cases. Five trocars were placed through lateral abdominal wall. Intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal cavity was insffulated with CO2 at 12 mmHg. A kidney was dissected endoscopically with Gerota's fascia, peri renal fatty tissue and adrenal gland as en bloc fashion. It was trapped into the laparoscopy sack and pulled out of the body through a 4 to 5 cm incision without morcellation. RESULTS: Average operation time was 331 minutes and average bleeding was 380 ml. All the kidneys were removed by endoscopic technique. As major complications, we experienced a cases of splenic injury and a cases of adrenal injury. The bleeding of both cases was successfully managed by endoscopical procedure, however, transfusion was needed for the last case. Pathological examination of specimens revealed renal cell carcinoma in all ten cases. Average hospital stay after surgery was 10.6 days and average duration to the convalescence was 20 days. There was no episode of recurrence in all 10 patients for 2 to 29 months (Mean: 15.2 months) followed up period. CONCLUSION: Although further technical progress was expected, LPRNX is a potential operative procedure that realizes minimally invasive therapy for the patients with small volume of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[The efficacy of endopyeloureterotomy via a transpelvic extraureteral approach].

To evaluate the efficacy of endopyeloureterotomy via a transpelvic extraureteral approach for the treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction or upper ureteric stenosis, we analysed the results of 85 patients treated with this procedure between Aug. 1988 and June 1993. Eighty-five patients underwent 87 procedures. Each patient has been followed-up more than 6 months postoperatively. Of 87 procedures, 71 were performed in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and 16 were in patients with stenosis of the upper third ureter. Primary disease was 59 and secondary disease was 28. Twenty-one procedures were performed in patients with the stenotic segment over 2 cm. The operative procedure was performed by first incising with a 22 Fr. urethrotome (ACMI Co.); the dilated renal pelvic or ureteral wall posterolaterally as long as 1-1.5 cm junction from the stenotic segment toward ureteropelvic junction, then bringing the urethrotome out retroperitoneally through the incision and finally incising the stenotic segment with the cold knife under direct vision. A 12-16 Fr. PTCS tube (Sumitomo Behkuraito Co.) was left in place for 3 weeks as a stent. Mean operative time was 101 min and average length of incised segment was 3.7 cm. Complication included pneumothorax (1 case), pseudo ureter (1 case) and renal arterial anexryma (1 case). Followed-up period ranged from 6 to 64 months with the average being 26 months. Of 87 procedures, 80 (92%) achieved a disappearance or improvement of the obstructive change and 7 failed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[Pelvic lymph node involvement in primary bladder cancer. A clinicopathological study of radical cystectomies].

Between 1984 and 1992, 131 patients with bladder cancer underwent radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection with urinary diversion. There were 110 male and 21 female patients, aged between 35 and 86 with a mean of 64 years. The follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 113 months, with a median of 34 months. The five-year survival estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method was 66.9% over all 131 patients. The five-year survival rates were 83.3% for stage pTis patients, 66.7% for stage pTa, 97.0% for pT1, 70.7% for pT2, 47.9% for pT3a, 26.2% for pT3b, and four-year survival was 25% for pT4 disease. Under the grading system, the five-year survival was 80.0% for cases of grade 2 disease and 63.6% for grade 3. There were two grade 1 patients who died of other diseases 15 and 16 months after surgery. Of all 131 patients, 22 (16.8%) had lymph node involvement. The five-year survival was 34.5% for patients with positive lymph nodes in comparison with 73.8% for those without lymph node involvement. The frequency of lymph node involvement was 26.1% in the non TCC group and 14.8% in the TCC group including 23.7% of the grade 3 and 4.3% of the grade 2 cases. Pathologically, the patients with higher stages had a higher frequency of lymph node involvement, and there was a significant difference in the frequency between pT3a (14.3%) and pT3b (47.8%) disease. The five-year survival of patients with positive lymph nodes was 40.0% for pN1, 32.1% for pN2 disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗