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Biomedical subjects

Y Okazaki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Okazaki.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Three-dimensional determination of gastric ulcer size with laser endoscopy.

We have developed a new endoscopic system for measuring the three-dimensional structure of the gastric ulcer. The system consists of an argon ion laser generator, a side-viewing endoscope with diffraction grating made of glass fibers, and a graphic processing unit. Via a fiber grating fitted in the tip of the endoscope, about 1600 light spots produced by the diffracted laser beam were projected on to the gastric mucosa. By graphic processing involving the detection of the deviation of the laser spot array on the gastric lesion, the diameter, area, and height or depth of the lesion could be determined. To evaluate the accuracy of the system, the diameter and area of a rubber disc were determined in vitro and in the stomach. A cubic model 10 mm in height was used to evaluate the accuracy of the system in measuring height. Accuracy proved to be satisfactory for clinical use. The course of healing of 6 gastric ulcers treated by histamine receptor antagonist was followed with the system. A linear decrease in diameter and depth of the ulcer was observed.

Gastroscopy↗
PubMed1988

Gastric mucosal protection and superoxide dismutase.

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), an inhibitor of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), at a dose of 500 mg/kg or aminotriazole (AT), an inhibitor of catalase, at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg reduced slightly gastric mucosal SOD activity, did not change gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), and did not cause gastric ulcers. However, when both DDC and AT were administered together, gastric mucosal SOD activity and GMBF remarkably decreased, and gastric ulcers appeared. Moreover, the administration of SOD attenuated gastric ulcer induced by DDC plus AT. These results suggested that SOD may play an important role in the gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against active oxygen species.

Amitrole↗
PubMed1988

Results of a dental fear survey in Japan: implications for dental public health in Asia.

The purpose of this investigation was to initiate the study of dental fear in Japan. 415 college students, aged 18-22 yr were surveyed. A standardized questionnaire which has been used in the United States was translated into Japanese and was administered to the students. More than 80% of those surveyed reported some dental fear. Six to 14% of the students reported extreme fear of the dentist. The majority of the subjects admitted that they delayed making dental appointments due to fear. Muscle tension was the most common physiological symptom reported. The dental drill and needle were the most fear-provoking stimuli.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Aorto-caval fistula complicated by a DeBakey IIIb-type dissecting aortic aneurysm: report of a case].

The patient, male and 70 years of age, was suspected of having a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm during the laparotomy, and referred to our department. After admission it was found that a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated with dissecting aneurysm. Urgent surgical intervention should have been scheduled but an initial conservative control was necessary because of impaired hepato-renal function and hemorrhagic gastroduodenal ulcer. Meanwhile, pleural effusion, edema in lower extremities and abdominal continuous vascular murmur appeared, and cardiac failure symptoms gradually aggravated. The formation of arteriovenous fistula was suspected. Aortography revealed the DeBakey IIIb type dissecting aortic aneurysm complicating an abdominal aneurysmal rupture with the fistula formation to inferior caval vein. Neither enlargement nor progress of a thoracic aortic aneurysm were observed by CT scanning examination and the closure of fistula and Y grafting were performed successfully. So far, only one case of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm forming the aorto-caval fistula and complicating dissecting aortic aneurysm was reported in Japan, and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case treated successfully.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Intraarterial chemo-embolization with adriamycin containing albumin microspheres].

For local treatment of inflammatory breast cancer and recurrent breast cancers with liver metastasis, we applied intraarterial infusion chemoembolization therapy utilizing albumin microspheres containing adriamycin (ADM-ms), which was developed by Morimoto. In this study, there were 2 cases of inflammatory breast cancer and 3 cases of recurrent breast cancers with liver metastasis. Arterial canulation of primary breast cancer were made through both arteries, the internal mammary artery and lateral thoracic artery, which were feeding arteries of the breast. ADM-ms was injected into both arteries and its tumor effect was evaluated clinically and histologically. Remarkable reduction in tumor size was recognized. Histologic examination of resected specimens revealed extensive fibrosis in the center of the primary tumors. A few cancer cells, degenerated in various degrees, were found remaining in the periphery of the necrotic mass. Local side effects of the microspheres were skin disturbances such as pain, redness and blistering. ADM-ms was injected into the hepatic artery for the liver metastatic cases, and its antitumor effect was evaluated by CT scan or echography. Effective reduction in tumor size was only recognized in one case. No serious systemic side effects, not recognized in any case. Our report reviews the effectiveness of this therapy as a preliminary procedure for surgical treatment of inoperable inflammatory breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Palliative laser therapy.

Endoscopic laser treatment has been tried for hemostasis, relief of stenosis and reduction of tumor volume in advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer. This form of treatment was found to be effective for each purpose, but success was usually only temporary. Thus, it was considered that endoscopic laser therapy for problems of advanced upper GI cancer could perhaps be improved by modifying the technique and/or developing new methods, such as the combination of the laser with other therapies.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

General characteristics of the superprecipitation reaction of rat crude uterine myosin B: effects of L-methionine and/or transmethylation blockers on the reaction.

The characteristics of superprecipitation of uterine myosin B from 17 beta-estradiol-3-benzoate-treated rats and the effects of L-methionine and/or 3-deazaadenosine (3-DAA) plus homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL) on the reaction were investigated. The slope and plateau phases of the superprecipitation were dependent on ATP, calcium and magnesium. The calmodulin antagonists, trifluoperazine and N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulfonamide, inhibited the slope and plateau phases, but not the basal superprecipitation. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the precipitate obtained in complete medium showed the presence of actin and myosin. Addition of 3 mM L-methionine had little affect on either the slope or plateau phases of the basal- or calcium-dependent superprecipitation, while 500 microM 3-DAA plus 1 mM HCTL caused only 9 to 20% decrease in the calcium-dependent superprecipitation in the presence of 0.1 mM or 1 mM ATP. These findings suggest that the calcium-dependent superprecipitation of rat uterine myosin B reflected the contractile response of uterine muscle, and that L-methionine and/or 3-DAA plus HCTL did not affect the calcium-dependent superprecipitation of uterine myosin B.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of sucralfate in the prevention of recurrence of peptic ulcer--double blind multicenter study with cimetidine.

A double blind, multicenter, six-month maintenance study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of sucralfate (S), cimetidine (C), and their combination (S + C) in the prevention of peptic ulcer recurrence in a six-month observation period. 127 patients with gastric ulcer (GU) (group S: 39, group S + C: 48, group C:40) and 103 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) (group S: 35, group S + C: 36, group C:32) were available for statistical analysis. Six to 12 months after healing of GU, the cumulative recurrence prevention rates by Kaplan-Meier method were 89.7----80.3% in group S, 97.6----72.6% in group S + C, 84.5----44.6% in group C. In duodenal ulcer they were 75.9----41.9% in group S, 87.8----47.7% in group S + C, 80.8----40.5% in group C. These results indicate that maintenance therapies of S and S + C are effective and safe for the prevention of gastric ulcer recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Latero-lateral end anastomosis for right hemicolectomy using staplers.

In seven patients undergoing right hemicolectomy for benign or malignant diseases, latero-lateral end anastomoses were made using stapling devices, LS (linear stapler) and GIA (gastrointestinal anastomosis). As no complications directly related to the anastomosis occurred, we conclude that anastomosis using stapling devices for right hemicolectomy is a safe and rapid procedure.

Adult↗