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Biomedical subjects

Y Oka

Publications and source records attributed to Y Oka.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Radioimmunoassay for an analog of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone, gamma-butyrolactone-gamma-carbonyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide (DN-1417).

A heterologous radioimmunoassay method was established to determine plasma levels of gamma-butyrolactone-gamma-carbonyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide (DN-1417). As this compound is unstable in the incubation buffer, we introduced a conversion step. DN-1417 in the plasma was extracted with a solution of isopropanol-isobutylamine (4 : 1) and incubation was performed at room temperature for 2 h for the conversion of DN-1417 into N-[2-hydroxy-4-(isobutylcarbamoyl)butyryl]-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide (DN-isobutylamide). 125I-labeled 2-hydroxy-4-carboxybutyryl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide and antisera, which was raised in the rabbit using an esterified derivative of DN-1417 conjugated with BSA as an antigen, were used for a sensitive radioimmunoassay of DN-isobutylamide. In this system, 0.2 ng DN-isobutylamide/ml plasma, equivalent to 0.16 ng DN-1417/ml, was detected and there was no apparent interference from its metabolites. The within-assay coefficients of variation were 7.6% at 7.73 ng/tube and 13.7% at 1.32 ng/tube. The between-assay coefficients of variation were 16.1% at 6.43 ng/tube and 12.2% at 1.20 ng/tube. The mean recovery rate of the assay system was 76.0 +/- 3.2% (S.E.M.).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

An unusual case of blood group ABO inheritance: O from AB X O.

An unusual blood group inheritance, that is, a phenotype O child from AB X O parents, was found in a Japanese family. Since two other children from the parents are blood type B, this is not a case of Cis-AB inheritance. The mother is not blood A/B chimera, and normal levels of blood group N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (A-enzyme) and galactosyltransferase (B-enzyme) were detected in her plasma. Therefore, the mother is genetically true AB heterozygous. The two sons with phenotype B had normal levels of plasma B-enzyme, but had no A-enzyme, and the father and the daughter with phenotype O had neither A- nor B-enzyme in their plasma. The analyses of 24 genetic marker systems indicated that the O daughter was a true child of the parents. The affirmative probability of parentage on the O daughter was calculated to be .9999999917 by Bayes' theorem. We concluded that the genotype of the O daughter was not the usual 00, and that this rare O expression might be due to a new structural mutation or a deletion in either maternal A or B gene during oogenesis.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone responses to stress in cardiac surgical patients.

The hormonal responses to anaesthesia and cardiac surgery were studied in patients undergoing valve or coronary bypass surgery. Marked increases in antidiuretic hormone levels as a result of surgical stress were seen, and were of approximately equal magnitude in both groups. Although both groups also showed marked increases in plasma cortisol levels in response to operations, this response appeared to be relatively blunted in valve surgery patients, especially at the end of operation and in the intensive care unit. This blunted cortisol response may be a manifestation of exhaustion of adrenocortical reserves in valvular surgical patients whose sympathoadrenal system has already been chronically stimulated by a low output state. The important role of the neuroendocrine system in maintaining homeostasis postoperatively has long been recognized; this relative cortisol deficiency may be aetiologically related to poor postoperative recovery in critically ill valvular surgery patients.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1981

Telencephalic afferents in the goldfish: an anterograde degeneration study.

Terminals of ascending afferents in the telencephalon of the goldfish were examined by the Fink-Heimer method, after the unilateral transection of the peduncular region containing the forebrain bundles. The ascending projections from the more caudal regions of the brain were seen mainly on the ipsilateral side of the lesion. The ascending forebrain bundles gave widely distributed terminals throughout the area dorsalis of the telencephalon, especially in the area dorsalis telencephali pars centralis (Dc) and in the area dorsalis telencephali pars lateralis (DI). They also gave sparse terminals to the preoptic area (POA).

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1981

Insulin binding of erythrocytes in hypoinsulinemic diabetics and its relationship to metabolic states.

We studied the insulin binding of erythrocytes from 26 "well-controlled" (FBG less than 120 mg/dl), and 28 "poorly-controlled" (FBG less than 120 mg/dl) non-obese diabetic patients, and 51 age-matched normal subjects. The capacity of insulin receptors was significantly decreased in well controlled (33.7 +/- 2.2) and poorly controlled (32.4 +/- 2.3) groups compared with normal subjects (43.1 +/- 2.3 sites/cell), while fasting insulin levels of diabetics were comparable to normal subjects but their insulin response to a glucose challenge was considerably decreased. However, the "empty sites" affinity (Ke) was significantly increased in both the well controlled group (5.2 +/- 0.3) and the poorly controlled group (4.8 +/- 0.3) compared with normal subjects (4.0 +/- 0.2 X 10(8) M-1). Thus, the capacity of insulin receptors to bind erythrocytes was decreased but binding affinity was increased in hypoinsulinemic diabetics. The amount of insulin bound in well-controlled diabetics was comparable to that in control subjects at physiological insulin concentrations.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1981

Quantitative determination of the free amino acids and their derivatives in the common edible mushroom, Agaricus bisporus.

Nitrogen in the ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of the common edible mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, accounted for about 60% of the total nitrogen of the fruiting bodies, and about 70% of the ethanol-extractable nitrogen was attributable to the free amino acids and their derivatives. Identification and quantitative determination of the free amino acids and their derivatives contained in this fraction were performed after group separation. Of the 44 ninhydrin-positive compounds detected, alanine, glutamic acid, proline and arginine were the most predominant protein amino acids occurring in the free form, and ornithine, N-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-4-hydroxyaniline and gamma-aminobutyric acid were the most plentiful non-protein amino acids. An analytical method of the aromatic compounds characteristic of the mushroom is also described.

Amino Acids↗