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Biomedical subjects

Y Ohtsuki

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ohtsuki.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Bilateral uveitis in a rabbit experimentally infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type I.

BACKGROUND: Among the various diseases associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection, HTLV-I-associated uveitis has been proposed as a distinct clinical entity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Four rabbits experimentally infected with HTLV-I by blood transfusion from an HTLV-I-infected rabbit were observed for development of disease more than 3.5 years. Ophthalmologic, pathologic, hematologic, and virologic studies were performed on a rabbit that developed signs of uveitis. RESULTS: One of four rabbits developed bilateral uveitis 3.5 years after infection with HTLV-I. Ophthalmologic examination revealed opacities of the anterior chamber, lens, and vitreous body, as well as ciliary injection. Histologic examination demonstrated marked thickening of Descemet's membrane with degeneration of the corneal endothelial cells and mononuclear cell infiltration in the iris and choroid. The normal structure of the retina was almost completely replaced by gliosis. Gene amplification of cells from the left anterior chamber by polymerase chain reaction using pX primers disclosed the presence of HTLV-I sequences and an HTLV-I producing cell line (UV-1) was established from cells of the right anterior chamber. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first indication that rabbits may serve as an animal model of HTLV-I-related uveitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate: a case report].

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is so rare that only 6 cases have been reported in the Japanese literature. This type of cancer is independent of androgen, and its prognosis seems to be generally poor. The patient was a 76-year-old male who was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of dysuria. Although the markers for prostatic tumor were within normal ranges, findings in digital examination and imaging suggested prostatic cancer. Because of the marked dysuria, transurethral resection of prostate serving as a biopsy was carried out, and histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. Despite 2 courses of chemotherapy with pepleomycin and cis-platinum (CDDP), followed by radiotherapy, the patient died from cancerous cachexia about 9 months after the initial examination.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Thromboangiitis obliterans of the spermatic cord: a case report].

A 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a 8-day history of dull pain and swelling in the bilateral scrotum and bilateral inguinal region. Neoplasma of the spermatic cord was suspected, and bilateral orchiectomy was immediately carried out. Histopathological examination revealed thromboangiitis obliterans of the spermatic cord. The differential diagnosis of a tumorous lesion in the inguinal region is frequently difficult. In such a case, surgical exploration is recommended, and a biopsy must be performed for a definitive diagnosis, but orchiectomy should not be readily selected. Our patient is the first reported case in Japan to our knowledge.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

Inhibitory effects of human interferons on the immortalization of human, but not rabbit, T lymphocytes by human T-lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I).

The effects of human interferon (IFN)-alpha, -beta, and -gamma on the immortalization of human and rabbit lymphocytes by human T-lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) have been investigated. The immortalization of human peripheral-blood lymphocytes co-cultured with lethally X-ray-irradiated HTLV-I-producer cells, MT-2, was blocked in the presence of more than 40 u/ml human recombinant IFN-alpha or more than 200 u/ml human natural type IFN-beta. However, rhIFN-gamma did not block immortalization by HTLV-I even at higher doses. On the other hand, the presence of high doses of hIFN-alpha, -beta, or -gamma did not exhibit any biological effect on the immortalization of rabbit peripheral-blood lymphocytes co-cultured with lethally X-ray-irradiated MT-2 cells. Integration of the full length of HTLV-I genome was detected in every transformant by Southern blot analysis. All cell lines established were CD4+/CD8 divided by T-lymphocytes, except for one cell line of CD4+/CD8+. Morphologically intact HTLV-I production was observed by electron microscopy in these cells. Our results indicate that HTLV-I released under the strongly suppressed condition in the presence of IFNs remains active and able to immortalize T lymphocytes. It is also suggested that immortalization of human T lymphocytes by HTLV-I can be inhibited by the antiviral state induced by the treatment with low doses of hIFN-alpha and -beta, whereas immortalization of rabbit T lymphocytes is not inhibited because of the species specificity of hIFNs.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Establishment of a new Hodgkin's cell line (HD-70) of B-cell origin.

A new Hodgkin's cell line, designated HD-70, was established from the peripheral blood of a 69-year-old man with Hodgkin's disease of nodular sclerosing type. The cell line grows in a single cell suspension and has a doubling time of 28 hours. The cells have a round or irregular nucleus or multiple nuclei in relatively abundant cytoplasm that is positive for acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, and periodic acid-Schiff stains. HD-70 cells are positive for CD30 (Ki-1/Ber-H2), CD15 (Leu-M1), and CD71 (OKT9) antigens and contain cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (Ig) (A, kappa). Southern blot analysis showed that the cells have Ig heavy and kappa light chain gene rearrangement and lack T-cell receptor gene rearrangement. Chromosome analysis disclosed that the cells have a human karyotype with complicated abnormalities, including a 14q+. Heterotransplantation of the HD-70 cell line into newborn hamsters treated with antilymphocyte serum produced massive tumors with remarkable fibrosis and collagen band formation. These tumors displayed histologic features similar to those of the nodular sclerosing type tumor of the patient. Such fibrosis production and collagen band formation in heterotransplanted tumors suggest that a certain cytokine that induces fibrosis might be produced by HD-70 cells. This cell line may be useful for understanding the biology and pathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Establishment and characterization of a thymic carcinoma cell line (Ty-82) carrying t(15;19)(q15;p13) chromosome abnormality.

A new human cell line, designated Ty-82, was established from the pleural effusion of a 22-year-old woman with undifferentiated thymic carcinoma. This cell line consisted of primitive cells that were positive for alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase and acid phosphatase. The cells were shown to express epithelial membrane antigen, but were completely negative for cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, glial fibrillary acidic protein, desmin, S-100 protein, lysozyme, Leu-7, HLA-DR (Ia), leukocyte common antigen, Ki-I antigen, T-cell antigens, B-cell antigens, myelomonocyte antigens, and Epstein-Barr-virus nuclear antigen. Electron microscopy showed that the cells were highly anaplastic, with no sign of cellular differentiation to any lineages. The Ty-82 cell line was found to have a karyotype of 46,XX,t(15;19)(q15;p13), being identical to that of the patient's tumor cells. Four of 5 nude mice inoculated sub-cutaneously with Ty-82 cells developed tumors which displayed a histological picture similar to the original tumor. Thymic carcinoma is a recently recognized entity, and its cellular and clinical behavior are poorly understood. The newly established thymic carcinoma cell line would provide a useful tool for the better understanding of this rare disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

IgD myeloma presenting as a testicular tumor: establishment and characterization of an IgD-secreting myeloma cell line.

A 72-year-old man presented with a left testicular tumor and underwent orchiectomy. The tumor was massively infiltrated with myeloma cells bearing monoclonal cytoplasmic IgD lambda. Three months after orchiectomy, he developed huge abdominal masses and subsequently ascites containing numerous myeloma cells. An IgD-secreting myeloma cell line, designated delta-47, was established from the ascites. This cell line expressed CD4 and CD38, but lacked Fc and complement receptors, surface immunoglobulin, CD19, HLA-DR, and PCA-1. CD30 was detected on the cultured cells but not on the ascites tumor cells. Delta-47 cells secreted the same immunoglobulin (IgD lambda) as was found in the patient's serum. The light chain had a molecular weight of 35 kD which was larger than that of the normal light chain. Chromosome analysis of delta-47 revealed an aneuploid karyotype with complex abnormalities including 1q+, 2p+, and 14q+. To our knowledge, this is the only IgD-secreting myeloma cell line and would provide a useful tool for the study of IgD production and IgD myeloma.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of intraluminal crystalloids in human prostatic carcinomas.

Intraluminal crystalloids (ICr) observed in 19 cases of incidental or invasive human prostatic carcinoma (PCa) and in a case of benign prostatic hyperplasia were examined extensively by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. They were brilliantly eosinophilic with haematoxylin and eosin, manifesting needle-like, triangular, rectangular, hexagonal and irregular lump-like in shape. They were strongly positive, dark blue, with phosphotungstic acid -haematoxylin (PTAH) stain in all cases examined. Among the human antibodies tested, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) gave specifically positive immunostainability with ICr in all cases. Annual ring-like lamellar or concentric structures were detected by electron microscopy. Positive staining of ICr with PTAH and anti-EMA antibody is very useful as a diagnostic marker for PCa in human prostatic tissues.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

HLA-DR antigen- and S-100 protein-positive dendritic cells in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma--their distribution in relation to prognosis.

The distribution of immunohistochemically labeled HLA-DR antigen- and S-100 protein-positive dendritic cell (DR+DC and S100+DC) was investigated in 59 human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). A dense infiltration of both DR+DC and S100+DC was detected in 11, only DR+DC in two, and only S100+DC in one. In the remaining 45 tumors infiltrating DC were sparse. By means of double immunostaining or the mirror section method, three different types of DC, namely S-100-negative and HLA-DR-positive DC(S100-DR+DC), S-100-positive and HLA-DR-negative DC(S100+DR-DC) and double-positive DC(S100+DR+DC) were clearly identified. With regard to postoperative survival, these patients with tumors in which there was a dense infiltration of DR+DCs and/or S100+DCs showed a significantly better survival rate than those in which DC were sparse (DR+DCs - P less than 0.001; S100+DCs - P less than 0.01). These results indicate that DC infiltration may be a prognostic factor in esophageal SCCs.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Similarity, in molecular structure and function, between the plant toxin purothionin and the mammalian pore-forming proteins.

Many proteins containing domains of a cysteine-rich repeated motif, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), have been reported. Here we report strong similarity between the amino acid sequence of a plant toxin--i.e., purothionin and its homologues--and with those of a domain found in mammalian pore-forming cytoplasmic proteins: components of complement and perforin of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes or natural killer-like cytotoxic cells. These similar sequences were found to be identical to the so-called EGF-like cysteine-rich repeated motif itself. Electron-microscopic observations indicated that, like complement and perforin, purothionin forms pores in the cytoplasmic membrane of target cells, resulting in their death within a few hours. On the basis of these sequence comparisons and physiological functions, we propose a scheme for the evolution of proteins containing modules of the cysteine-rich repeat motif.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1992

Human helper T cell lines established by coculture of normal human cord leukocytes with an HTLV-II-infected rabbit leukocyte cell line (Ra-IIA).

Three helper T cell lines, designated CR-IIA (CR-IIA-1, CR-IIA-2, and CR-IIA-3), were established by coculturing normal human cord leukocytes with a lethally irradiated HTLV-II (human T-lymphotropic virus type II)-infected rabbit leukocyte cell line (Ra-IIA). CR-IIA had a normal human karyotype and expressed the surface markers CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(-), CD19(-), CD25(+) and HLA-DR(+), confirming their helper T cell nature. CR-IIA cells were all free of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen and were immunoreactive with serum samples from HTLV-I- or HTLV-II-infected patients and with anti-HTLV-I, p19 or p24 antibody. The provirus genome of HTLV-II was detected in these cell lines by the polymerase chain reaction combined with a digoxigenin-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Electron microscopy of CR-IIA-1 cells revealed a few immature type C virus particles. These results suggest that HTLV-II was transmitted from the infected rabbit leukocyte cell line to human cord helper T lymphocytes with the development of immortalized HTLV-II-producing T cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[A case of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with histology of usual interstitial pneumonia that responded to pulse therapy followed by combined immunosuppression with prednisolone and azathioprine].

A 64-year-old woman who was admitted with cough and dyspnea showed severe hypoxemia and interstitial lung shadows. The clinical diagnosis was idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (synonymous with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the United States), since there were no specific immunological or bacteriological findings. No clinical signs or laboratory data compatible with collagen disease were observed. Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was given followed by prednisolone (0.8 mg/kg) and azathioprine (15 mg/kg). Marked improvement of hypoxia, chest X-ray and spirometry results was observed after five weeks. Histological examination of an cases of residual interstitial shadow obtained by open lung biopsy revealed usual interstitial pneumonia. Tapering of the immunosuppressant drugs led to a recurrence 3 months later, which was controlled by reintroduction of the same regimen. Therefore, only prednisolone was tapered, and data obtained in an outpatient clinic 6 months after the recurrence were as follows: %VC 108%, %DLco 72%, PaO2 80 Torr. The value of this regimen for acute IPF or exacerbation of IPF is suggested because of its life-saving effects.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Establishment and characterization of a new human synovial sarcoma cell line, HS-SY-II.

BACKGROUND: The line of differentiation in synovial sarcoma still remains controversial. Thus far, only a few human synovial sarcoma cell lines have been described. However, their morphologic characteristics have not been fully established. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We established a new synovial sarcoma cell line (HS-SY-II) from pleural effusion with lung metastasis in a typical example of the monophasic spindle cell type. The HS-SY-II cells, in vitro and in vivo, were examined by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and cytogenetics. RESULTS: The HS-SY-II cells showed a hypertriploid karyotype with complex chromosome abnormalities including pathognomonic t(X;18)(p11;q11), and have been stably maintained for more than 40 months in vitro, showing rather small spindle or polygonal shape without conspicuous pleomorphism. Histologic features of initially and serially transplanted tumors in nude mice were essentially the same as those of the original sarcoma, corresponding to the monophasic spindle cell variant with a prominent palisading pattern and calcified foci in parts. The HS-SY-II cells in vitro and in vivo similarly expressed vimentin and cytokeratin by immunohistochemistry, and also exhibit the same ultrastructural features such as irregularly shaped nuclei with prominent nucleoli, many paranuclearly running intermediate filaments, and filopodia-like processes. CONCLUSIONS: This HS-SY-II cell line retaining the distinct morphological characteristics as the monophasic spindle cell type of synovial sarcoma therefore will be extremely useful for various pathomorphologic investigations on synovial sarcoma.

Cytological Techniques↗
PubMed1992

[Ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic studies on the transitional part of the trabecular meshwork and the ciliary muscle in human and porcine eyes].

The authors demonstrated the ultrastructure of the transitional portion of the human trabecular meshwork (TM) of the ciliary muscle (CM) by transmission electron microscopy, together with the porcine TM and CM, which have not been reported so far. In the transitional portion of the human eye, bundles of smooth muscle cells showed tapering in the anterior portion, and long slender processes of TM cells covered the outside of muscle bundles occasionally, in association with intervening nerve fibers. In the human transitional portion, there were many stick-like or irregular-shaped structures consisted of collagen fibrils. In the porcine eye, although the fine structure of the TM was similar to that of human TM, the shape of each porcine CM cell was irregular and their cytoplasm were invaginated into the adjoining cells, like herniation. In the immunohistochemical study, the positive immunoreactions were found in TM cells for vimentin, Schwann cells for S-100 and S-100b, and the CM cells for muscle (m)-actin and desmin in both species by using each antibody. Only the porcine TM cells were positive for S-100 and S-100b. In the human eye, smooth muscle-like cells similar to TM cells in the transitional portion were detected, and these cells were positive for m-actin. Moreover, the cells covering Schlemm's canal were positive for factor VIII and UEA-1. These immune positivities were confirmed at the ultrastructural level. These immunohistochemical reactions may be useful tools to evaluate cell at the light and electron microscopic levels in human and porcine TM and CM regions.

Actins↗
PubMed1992

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: establishment of a new cell line (MKPL-1) in vitro and in vivo.

A megakaryoblastic cell line (MKPL-1) was newly established from the bone marrow of an adult patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. This cell line grew in single cell suspension with a doubling time of 30 h and consisted of large primitive blasts with persistent development of giant cells carrying multilobed nuclei. MKPL-1 cells were positive for platelet GPIIb/IIIa (CD41) and GPIIIa (CD61), and expressed OKM5 (CD36), MY7 (CD13), and MY9 (CD33) antigens in the absence of erythroid and lymphoid markers. The cytochemical and morphologic characteristics of MKPL-1 were also consistent with those of megakaryoblasts. The cells did not, however, express ultrastructural platelet peroxidase which is considered to be another marker of the megakaryocytic lineage. Cytogenetic analysis of MKPL-1 revealed a model chromosome number of 92 with abnormal chromosomes including those found in the patient's bone marrow cells. Furthermore, MKPL-1 cells were serially transplanted into nude mice for nine passages with production of lethal tumors and leukemic manifestation. Thus, our megakaryoblastic cell line which can be maintained both in vitro and in vivo would be useful for further studies of the biology of megakaryopoiesis and megakaryoblastic leukemia.

Aged↗