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Biomedical subjects

Y Nose

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nose.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Placental tissue concentration of pregnancy-associated proteins in early and term pregnancies].

We examined the localization of five pregnancy-associated proteins such as pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), human placental lactogen (HPL), alpha 2-PA-glycoprotein (SP3) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) in the placentae of early and term pregnancies by means of the PAP method in immunohistochemical technology. It was found that the degree of staining of these proteins did not reflect their concentration in serum at each gestational age. Therefore, the concentrations of these proteins in the solution extracted from the placenta were measured. 1) Placental tissues were fixed with a 10% neutral formaldehyde solution and these were embedded into paraffin blocks. These specimens were used for the PAP method. The localizations of five pregnancy-associated proteins from 10 placentae at the gestational age of 7 to 10 weeks were compared with those at the gestation age of 38 to 41 weeks from 7 patients. The staining degree of SP1 in free villi was pale in both early and term pregnancies. HCG was stained deeply in early pregnancy but pale at term pregnancy. HPL was stained deeply at both gestational ages. Horseradish peroxidase reaction products from SP1, HCG and HPL were located chiefly in the syncytiotrophoblast. SP3 was not stained on the placental tissue. PAPP-A was stained to a greater extent in the cytotrophoblast in early pregnancy but pale in the syncytiotrophoblast at term pregnancy. 2) The concentrations of SP1, HCG, HPL, SP3 and PAPP-A were measured in the placental tissues in both early and term pregnancies. Placental tissues were obtained from 24 normal pregnancy patients aborted artificially at 8 to 11 weeks gestation and from 28 patients terminated by normal deliveries at 38 to 40 weeks gestation. The tissue was homogenated with 3 volumes of 1/2 PBS (0.005M phosphate-buffered 0.07M sodium chloride, pH 7.4). The supernatant was removed after centrifugation and stored at -20 degrees C until assayed. The concentration of SP1 was measured by single radial immunodiffusion. That of HCG was assayed by a directed Latex agglutination test (Gestate Slide Eiken). The concentrations of HPL, SP3 and PAPP-A were quantified by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. No significant difference in SP1 levels was shown between early and term pregnancies, and the SP1 level was 4.3 +/- 1.3 (mean +/- 1 S.D.) mg/dl at term pregnancy. The HCG level was 1,100 +/- 300 IU/ml in early pregnancy and at least 20-fold higher than that at term pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1983

Therapeutic trial of cryofiltration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Cryofiltration, a new technique for on-line plasma separation and its treatment by cold filtration, enables the selective removal of immune complexes and eliminates the need for replacement proteins. Fifteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated for nine to 10 consecutive sessions over a three- to five-week period. Circulating immune complexes decreased by an average of 78 percent and rheumatoid factor by 32 percent. This was accompanied by significant clinical improvement in morning stiffness, articular index, 50-foot walking time, grip strength, and target joint circumference. Cryofiltration might thus be beneficial for a subgroup of rheumatoid arthritis patients in whom conventional therapy has failed.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1983

Quantitative removal of hepatitis B viral antigens from serum by a monoclonal IgM coupled to a biocompatible solid-phase support.

We covalently linked to regenerated cellulose filters a high-affinity monoclonal IgM produced against epitopes that reside on hepatitis B viral surface antigen (HBsAg). Conditions were established whereby as much as 250 micrograms of anti-HBsAg IgM could be linked to 2-4 mg of regenerated cellulose acetate by using cyanogen bromide and trichloro-s-triazine coupling agents. The immunoreactivity of the monoclonal anti-HBsAg IgM was preserved, and quantitative binding studies with HBsAg suggests that more than one functional binding site on the IgM molecule was operative. The specificity of the monoclonal anti-HBsAg IgM was established by demonstrating that a nonspecific monoclonal IgM (against influenza hemagglutinin), when coupled to the filters under identical conditions, had no effect on removal of HBsAg from serum. Most importantly, the monoclonal anti-HBsAg IgM-coupled filters quantitatively removed low levels of HBsAg from serum; after the third pass through the filter, HBsAg was undetectable in the perfusate. Further, the stability of the covalent bond between the anti-HBsAg IgM and regenerated cellulose acetate was shown by the lack of detectable murine monoclonal anti-HBsAg IgM in filtered serum despite 50 passages through the filter. Thus, we have demonstrated that monoclonal IgM antibodies with predefined specificity, when coupled to a biocompatible solid-phase support, may serve as a high-affinity and specific immunoabsorbant for quantitative removal and recovery of viral antigens from human serum. By using this approach, specific removal and recovery of many other substances from serum or plasma would seem possible.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of pulse contour methods in calculating stroke volume from pulmonary artery pressure curve (comparison with aortic pressure curve).

The reliability of five equations in assessing stroke volume from pulmonary artery pressure curves were critically evaluated in six dogs and in six patients. To alter stroke volume, isoproterenol, dobutamine, propranolol, lactate Ringer solution and artificial pacing were employed in the animal study and diltiazem (a calcium blocker) in the human study. A good correlation was found between the calculated and measured stroke volume (r = 0.80-0.86 in the animal study and r = 0.94-0.96 in the human study). The assessment of stroke volume from the pulmonary arterial pressure curves using equations was as good as that from the aortic pressure curves calculated simultaneously. These results suggest that the five equations may be clinically applicable for assessing stroke volume in critically ill patients. The employment of pulmonary arterial pressure curves in assessing stroke volume may be more useful clinically since its recording can be carried out more safely than recordings of aortic pressure curves.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Radiometric assay for thiamine pyrophosphokinase activity in human leukocytes.

The activity of thiamine pyrophosphokinase (EC 2.7.6.2) has been demonstrated in the extract from human leukocytes using radiometric assay method. It was estimated to be 17.2 +/- 6.6 p moles of thiamine pyrophosphate formed per mg protein per hour at 37 degrees C. No thiamine pyrophosphokinase activity was detected in hemolysate of human erythrocytes under the assay condition employed.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Immunogenetical study in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.

HLA-A, B and DR typing was performed on a total of 236 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) which were diagnosed by renal biopsies evaluated by light microscopy, direct immunofluorescent staining and whenever indicated electron microscopy. The interrelationship between the HLA system and the histopathologic classification of CGN was examined. There were 20 patients with benign recurrent hematuria (BRH), 82 with IgA nephropathy (IgA-N), 24 with proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN), 47 with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 4 with membranous nephropathy (MN), 43 with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and 16 with focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS). The following results were obtained: 1) Antigens from different loci were associated with different subgroups of CGN. There were three types of associations; a) HLA-A locus associated as found in PGN, b) HLA-B locus associated as found in BRH and c) HLA-DR locus associated as found in MCNS. IgA-N, MPGN and FGS seemed to be included in this group. 2) The association of HLA-A locus antigens with MCNS could be subdivided by age o onset suggesting that in MCNS HLA-A antigens are linked to disease expression. 3) A heterogeneity in IgA-N is suggested by its association with different HLA antigens; a) a HLA-B37 associated group, b) a HLA-DR4 or DYT associated group and c) a HLA-DEn (Dw 6.1) or B12 associated group. These data suggest differences in the mechanisms of HLA and disease association in each histopathologic subtype of CGN.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cryogel studies for the optimization of cryofiltration (CF) therapy.

This study has shown that cryofilter plugging correlates with pretreatment pathologic macromolecule concentrations (e.g. rheumatoid factor and immune complexes) in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pathologic macromolecules are concentrated relative to albumin in the cryogel. Molecular aggregation in the cryogel depends upon heparin concentration, exhibiting maximum aggregation in a specific range of heparin concentrations. Molecular aggregation in cryogel increases with decreasing temperature. In the use of cryofiltration in over 50 rheumatoid arthritis patients, clinical improvement has accompanied the removal of cryogel and the pathologic macromolecules it contains. Filter plugging or cryogel formation may be indicators of disease activity. Formation of cryogel is variable depending upon type of disease, severity of disease, temperature, heparin concentration, and membrane structure. These factors are important parameters to consider to optimize conditions for removal of cryogel and for continuing improvement of plasma therapeutic techniques for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1983

Infection in artificial blood pump implantation.

Infection has been observed in artificial heart experimentation to be of early onset and generally within the first 2 postoperative weeks. The organisms most often detected in blood cultures were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, E. coli and Enterococcus, all of which are intestinal species. Contamination is thus thought to be the most plausible cause of perioperative infection. Absolute sterility must be maintained in animal care areas and blood access to these animals is to be minimized. Although prompt selection of a proper antibiotic therapy is essential, the eradication of infection maintains a poor prognosis. The time course of fibrinogen levels is a reliable index to determine the onset of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A method to estimate cardiac volume by two-dimensional echocardiograms recorded from one extracorporeal point.

This paper presents a method for estimating the volume of a cardiac region from its oblique sectional images recorded with a sector scanner. The probe of the scanner is attached to the chest wall and an ultrasonic beam is cast from a fixed intercostal space. In a previous paper a method of calculation for the above recording technique was reported. The present method is superior to the previous one because it minimizes calculation error and is applicable to organs of intricate shape.

Cardiac Volume↗