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Biomedical subjects

Y Nomoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nomoto.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Postoperative sequential testing of cytotoxic activity against the autologous and allogeneic tumor cells in patients with primary lung resected cancer].

The objective of this study of 27 primary lung resected cancer patients was to evaluate sequentially the cytotoxic activity against autologous and allogeneic tumor cells during the postoperative period. In patients given a complete resection, the cytotoxic activity against the autologous tumor cells during the postoperative 1-2 weeks was significantly higher than during the postoperative 4-5 weeks (P less than 0.05, Student t test). In patients given an incomplete resection, however, no significant difference was demonstrated between the postoperative 1-2 weeks and during the postoperative 4-5 weeks. In contrast, the cytotoxic activity against the PC-3 cells or K562 cells during the postoperative 4-5 weeks tended to rise in comparison to those at the postoperative 1-2 weeks all patients in any cancer stage and whatever the amount of their lung resection. The phenotype of the effector cells which mediated the cytotoxic activity to the autologous tumor cells was the monoclonal antibody OKT 3(+), 8(+), 4(-) OKM 1(-) and the cells which were cytotoxic to the K562 cells had an OKT 3(-), 4(-), 8(-), OKM 1(+) phenotype. These results suggest that the effectors which mediate cytotoxic activity to the autologous tumor cells and to the K562 cells seems to be different and a concomitant immunity may exist in primary lung resected cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Molecular weights of IgA-circulating immune complexes (CIC) in patients with IgA nephropathy: application of HPLC and solid-phase anti-C3 Facb EIA.

The detection of molecular weights of IgA-circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera is described. Measurement of IgA-, IgG- and IgM-CIC in sera was also performed. Serum samples were obtained from nine patients with IgA nephropathy, nine patients with chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposits (PGN) and 19 healthy adults. Serum samples of these patients were subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and then divided into 50 fractions. Measurement of IgA-, IgG- and IgM-CIC in such fractions was performed using solid-phase anti-C3 Facb EIA. The levels of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those from patients with PGN or healthy adults. The peak values of molecular weights of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy ranged from 2.6 X 10(5) to 3.0 X 10(5) daltons (mean +/- SD; 2.9 +/- 2.0). It was suggested that the increase of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy may be mainly due to dimers and/or polymers.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunofluorescent studies on IgA nephropathy: type IV collagen and glomerular basement membrane component detected by Goodpasture's syndrome serum and laminin.

A study of immunofluorescence of unfractionated Type IV collagen, non-collagenous (NC-1) domain of Type IV collagen, basement membrane (GBM) component detected by Goodpasture's syndrome patient's serum and laminin (LN) in the glomeruli from 10 patients with IgA nephropathy was described. Type IV collagen, non-collagenous (NC-1) domain of Type IV collagen, GBM component or LN was observed linearly in the glomerular capillary walls in all patients with IgA nephropathy examined. The deposition of IgA, IgM or C3 was marked in the glomerular capillary walls in patients in the moderate or advanced stage of IgA nephropathy. However, the staining of Type IV collagen, GBM component or LN in such walls was not altered by the depositions of IgA, IgM and C3. In particular, a wrinkled pattern of NC-1 domain of Type IV or GBM component was detected in the glomerular capillary walls of totally sclerotic glomeruli in some patients with IgA nephropathy. It appears that the deposits of IgA and/or C3 did not influence the major components of glomerular capillary walls in patients with IgA nephropathy. It is concluded that the initiating factors of the collapse and/or sclerosis of glomerular capillary walls might be due to various factors other than the deposition of glomerular IgA-dominant immune-complexes in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗
PubMed1988

Polyclonal IgA in IgA nephropathy.

Polyclonality of IgA production in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was studied to elucidate the immunological aberrations in patients with this disease. The amounts of IgG, IgA and IgM and their kappa/lambda ratios in sera and supernatants of lymphocyte cultures were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This method was sensitive enough to detect as little as 10% of monoclonal IgA in total IgA. The amount of IgA in IgAN was significantly increased in sera and supernatants without pokeweed-mitogen (PWM), but not changed in supernatants with PWM. There were no significant changes in the production of other immunoglobulins between IgAN and controls both in vivo and in vitro with and without addition of PWM. As far as the kappa/lambda ratios of immunoglobulins were concerned, no significant deviations were observed between IgAN and controls in any samples. These results indicated that increased IgA in patients with IgAN was polyclonal, supporting the concept of the heterogeneity of this disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical significance of precordial ST segment depression during acute inferior myocardial infarction].

To investigate the mechanisms and clinical significance of precordial (V1-V4) ST segment depression during acute inferior myocardial infarction, stress thallium-201 scintigrams and coronary angiograms were obtained within four to eight weeks after the onset of myocardial infarction in 37 patients experiencing their first acute inferior myocardial infarction. Among 18 patients with precordial ST depression (group 1), 11 with concomitant disease of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) had positive results on exercise test, whereas in seven patients without LAD lesion, only two had positive exercise test (p less than 0.01). In 19 patients without precordial ST depression (group 2), 11 had severe stenosis in the LAD. However, among these 11 patients, only two had positive exercise tests. Patients with precordial ST depression demonstrated a higher frequency of positive exercise tests than those without it (p less than 0.01). On stress thallium-201 scintigraphy, a perfusion defect involving the inferior wall was present in all patients, but additional anterior wall ischemia was present in only five of the 18 patients in group 1. These five patients had chest pain on exercise tests and a severe stenosis greater than 90% in the LAD. There was no significant difference in the frequency of additional posterolateral wall infarction between groups 1 and 2. In 18 patients in group 1, sigma ST (total degrees of ST segment depression in leads V1, V2, V3, and V4 in the acute stage) was significantly greater in 11 patients with LAD lesion than in seven without (p less than 0.05), and sigma ST greater than five mm was observed in 12 of 13 patients who had additional anterior wall ischemia and posterolateral wall infarction on stress thallium-201 scintigraphy (p less than 0.05). Myocardial revascularization, such as aortocoronary bypass surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), was performed in six of the 18 patients in group 1 in the chronic stage, but in only one of the 19 patients in group 2. Thus, in patients with initial acute inferior myocardial infarction, those with precordial ST depression seemed to be a high-risk group. It was suggested that, during the early stage of myocardial infarction, this abnormality on electrocardiograms is related to the summation of effects of anterior wall ischemia and posterolateral wall infarction. Furthermore, the sigma ST evaluation is useful in differentiating a mirror image of inferior wall infarction from anterior wall ischemia and posterolateral wall infarction as the mechanism of precordial ST depression.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

Preoperative pulmonary blood flow and one-lung anaesthesia.

The distribution of pulmonary blood flow was measured in supine patients before surgery by means of lung perfusion scanning with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin in an attempt to predict values of PaO2 during subsequent one-lung anaesthesia. The PaO2 values during one-lung anaesthesia were well correlated with the preoperative lung perfusion partition ratios (r = 0.84, p less than 0.05). In 9 of 40 patients, PaO2 was less than 80 mmHg during one-lung ventilation (FIO2 0.99). In these patients the lung perfusion ratios of the dependent lung were as low as 41.0-48.2 per cent. These results indicate that preoperative measurement of pulmonary blood flow can predict values of PaO2 during one-lung anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Serum and urine levels of phenol following phenol blocks.

In 20 patients with chronic peripheral vascular disease measurement was made of serum and urine phenol concentrations after lumbar or thoracic sympathetic block with 4-10 ml of seven per cent aqueous phenol. Peak concentration times (tmax), peak concentrations (Cmax), lag times (Tlag), apparent elimination half-lives (t1/2el), and areas under the serum concentration curves (AUC) were determined. The values of tmax, Cmax, Tlag, t1/2el, and AUC were 18.8 +/- 2.5 min, 3.01 +/- 0.28 microgram X ml-1, 5.3 +/- 1.6 min, 30.3 +/- 2.8 min, and 365 +/- 41 micrograms X ml-1 X min-1, respectively, for unconjugated phenol. Values for conjugated phenol were 54.9 +/- 4.5 min, 4.15 +/- 0.25 microgram X ml-1, 9.9 +/- 5.9 min, 64.0 +/- 7.3 min, and 838 +/- 95 micrograms X ml-1 X min-1, respectively. The cumulative urinary excretion in the conjugated form within 8 h ranged from 31 to 63 per cent of the dose administered. The results indicate that phenol has a very short half-life and is excreted quickly into the urine, conjugated with sulfate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Modified open renal biopsy: results in 934 patients.

Nine hundred and thirty-four cases of open renal biopsy using the 'Kawamura-modified forceps' have been performed over the past 9 years under general anesthesia. Sufficient amounts of renal tissue for routine histology, immunofluorescence staining and electron microscopy were obtained in all 934 cases. There were no serious major complications attributable to the procedure. It is concluded that this procedure can be performed easier and faster than the previous technique of percutaneous renal biopsy, although patients undergoing open renal biopsy with the Kawamura-modified forceps have to be transferred to the operating room for this procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A case of IgA nephropathy associated with adeno- and herpes simplex viruses.

We report here an adult case of IgA nephropathy associated with episodes of recurrent tonsillitis. Various kinds of viral antigens were examined in the renal and tonsillar tissues by immunofluorescence. Granular depositions of adeno- and herpes simplex viral antigens were detected in the glomerular mesangial areas and in the tonsillar epithelial cells by immunofluorescence. IgA and IgA1 deposits were also observed in the glomerular mesangial areas. It was suggested that IgA nephropathy might be caused by multiple antigenic substances, including adeno- and/or herpes simplex viruses, located in the tonsillar regions.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1987

Detection of IgA-class circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy using a solid-phase anti-C3 Facb enzyme immunoassay (EIA).

The detection of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy is described. A solid-phase anti-C3 Facb enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed for detection of IgA-, IgG- and IgM-CIC in sera. The C1q-binding enzyme assay was also used for the detection of CIC in sera from these patients and healthy adults. Twenty-two patients with IgA nephropathy, 14 patients with other glomerular diseases and 19 healthy adults were examined by anti-C3 Facb EIA. The levels of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in sera from patients with other glomerular diseases and healthy adults. CIC measured by the C1q-binding enzyme assay was detected in some patients with IgA nephropathy. The levels of serum IgA in patients with IgA nephropathy were significantly higher than those in patients with other glomerular diseases and healthy adults. However, there was no significant correlation between the levels of IgA-CIC in sera and those of serum IgA in patients with IgA nephropathy. There was also no significant correlation between the levels of IgA-CIC in sera and the degree of histopathological injuries in the patients. It is concluded that the solid-phase anti-C3 Facb EIA is useful for the detection of IgA-CIC in sera from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunofluorescent studies on S-protein in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Detection of S-protein, which is a regulatory component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), and of C9 in glomeruli by immunofluorescence in 11 of 15 patients with IgA nephropathy is described. The study showed that glomerular injuries such as glomerular adhesion to Bowman's capsule and crescent formation were more marked in glomeruli with S-protein and/or C9 in patients with IgA nephropathy. S-protein co-existed with C9 in glomeruli from such patients. It is suggested that the deposition of S-protein might reflect certain types of histopathologic injuries in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy. It is concluded that activation of terminal components of complement may be one of the exacerbating factors in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Double immunofluorescence studies of IgA and poly C9 (MAC) in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Double immunofluorescent studies on IgA, poly (MAC) or C3 in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy are described. Renal biopsy specimens were obtained from 12 patients with IgA nephropathy, four patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN) and two normal human kidney (NHK). These specimens were incubated with monoclonal anti-poly C9 (membrane attack complex; MAC) and then stained with FITC-labelled goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin (Ig) antiserum. After washing with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (pH 7.4), the sections were stained with rhodamine-labelled rabbit anti-human IgA antiserum and examined by fluorescence microscopy. The sections were also stained with FITC-labelled goat anti-human C3 antiserum and then stained with rhodamine-labelled rabbit anti-human IgA antiserum. Markedly combined depositions of IgA and poly C9 or C3 in glomeruli were observed in patients with IgA nephropathy. There was a significant correlation between the deposition of poly C9 and the grading of histopathological injuries in such patients. There was also a significant correlation between the deposition of poly C9 in the extraglomerular vascular vessels and the ageing in patients with IgA nephropathy, PGN and NHK. It appears that the deposition of poly C9 might detect directly the activities of complement in glomeruli from patients with IgA nephropathy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Detection of immunoglobulin depositions by immunofluorescence and/or immunoperoxidase (P-AP method) in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Deposition of immunoglobulins in the glomeruli by immunoperoxidase (IP) and/or immunofluorescence (IF) using unfixed materials obtained from 25 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was evaluated. The results indicated that the deposition of IgA, IgM or IgG in the glomerular capillary walls using a peroxidase anti-peroxidase (P-AP) method was more prominently detected than by using IF. The results of double staining indicated that both P-AP and IF were able to stain mesangial and capillary depositions of IgA was more widely detected by P-AP than by IF. It is concluded that the P-AP method has the advantage of indicating the deposition of immunoglobulins in glomerular capillary walls, and evaluating the histopathological significance together with IF in patients with IgAN.

Biopsy↗