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Biomedical subjects

Y Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Noguchi.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Enhancement of enamel crystallinity with gel method during orthodontic treatment. The 2nd report: application of micro-area X-ray diffraction method].

This study is to review an effect on the improvement of enamel crystallinity with gel method in the course of orthodontic treatment by applying gelatin gel method (group II) as well as silica-hydro gel method (group I) to bracket-bonded enamel surfaces of extracted teeth and for a relative review, the chopped cross sections of the above teeth were analyzed by the method of micro area X-ray diffraction. The results obtained were as follows: 1. As a result of identifying by the method of microarea X-ray diffraction, the present of hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3OH and fluorapatite, Ca5(PO4)3F was recognized at any section of every group. 2. In making a relative study of the variation of line profile and peak shift, an outstanding difference was not acknowledged in line profile, however, peak shift in the direction of high angle side was indicated on the experimental side of each group and a tendency for peak shift was more noticeable near by enamel cuticle. At boundary sites and on the control side, the variation was only shown in one part of group II. Also a tendency for peak shift in the direction of high angle side was recognized in group I rather than in group II. From the foregoing results, it was found to be effective to improve tooth substance of the bracket-bonded enamel and in that event, the silica-hydro gel method was suggested to be superior to the gelatin gel method. Also with the regard to the bracket-bonded sides, tooth substance was noticeably improved at enamel cuticle but not sufficiently improved at sites underneath the brackets and at boundary sites of the both, therefore, one of the future subjects would be to review such areas.

Apatites↗
PubMed1989

[Hodgkin's disease diagnosed from the numerous Reed-Sternberg cells in the bone marrow].

A 46-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for fever and weight loss in September, 1986. Physical examinations were unremarkable. CBC revealed moderate anemia and leukopenia with abnormal lymphocytes. Examination of the bone marrow (BM) disclosed peroxidase negative blasts and multinucleated or multilobulated giant cells positive for CD30 (Ki-1) antigen. Chest X-ray was negative. CT scan and echography of the abdomen showed minimal enlargement of retroperitoneal lymph nodes (LN). Lymphangiography revealed mild enlargement of the LN without filling defects. Gallium scan was negative. Hence a diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease (HD) stage IVB was made. She was treated with MOPP therapy with modification and obtained a complete remission. BM involvement of HD occurs mostly in advanced stages. We assumed that this is a rare case of HD in which bone marrow metastasis occurred in a very early stage of the disease or that of bone marrow primary.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1989

[MRI of the paranasal sinus mucopyocele].

Seven cases of the paranasal sinus mucopyocele were examined by MRI. All of the mucopyocele in our series were clearly demonstrated on MRI using long SE pulse sequence as high signal intensity. However, the degree of signal intensity was varied based on the contents of the mucopyocele. We can detect the mucopyocele as a three dimensional image by MRI, however, CT was necessary for evaluating the bone destruction caused by mucopyocele.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Prognosis of intraventricular hemorrhage due to rupture of intracranial aneurysm.

The prognosis of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) from rupture of intracranial aneurysms was studied in 43 patients admitted to our institution and to Kaga Central Hospital between April 1984 and December 1987. The total number of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients admitted during this period was 156, so that 28% of SAH patients had IVH. In this study, the patients were analyzed with respect to IVH grading, volumes of intraventricular and intracerebral hematoma, consciousness level, intracranial pressure (ICP), ventricular dilatation and age. The IVH resulted from aneurysmal rupture of the anterior communicating artery (48%), anterior cerebral artery (distal portion of the anterior communicating artery) (11%), internal carotid artery (21%), middle cerebral artery (25%), and vertebro-basilar artery (14%). The mortality rate in patients with IVH was 33%, a poorer rate than that in patients without IVH (25%). As for morbidity, 44% of the patients with IVH had no or moderate disability, whereas the other 23% had severe disability or were in a persistent vegetative state. On the other hand, there was no or only moderate disability in 63%, and severe disability or a persistent vegetative state in 12% of the patients without IVH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Worldwide clinical experience with sultamicillin.

Sultamicillin at an adult dose of 375-750 mg twice daily or a pediatric dose of 50 mg/kg/d provides effective outpatient/office therapy for community-acquired infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, and skin/soft tissue structures. Given the incidence of Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis in otitis media and the frequent occurrence of beta-lactamase-producing strains, it is particularly appropriate for the therapy of otitis media in infants and children. The increasing prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing pathogens in these infections, coupled with the fact that diagnostic bacteriology is often not available or practical in office practice, suggests that the broad use of sultamicillin might be desirable. Several factors support such usage: 1) the superiority of sultamicillin compared with the ampicillin commercial dosage form as a delivery system for ampicillin; 2) the possible occurrence at the infection site of beta-lactamase-producing organisms, not themselves pathogens, which nevertheless impair the activity of the beta-lactam antibiotic against sensitive pathogens; 3) the complementary binding of penicillin-binding proteins by ampicillin and sulbactam in ampicillin-sensitive organisms; 4) the lack of resistance development following repeated exposure of strains sensitive to sulbactam/ampicillin suggested by in vitro studies; and 5) the inability of sulbactam to induce beta-lactamase production. In addition to broad use in community-acquired infections, oral therapy with sultamicillin should also provide convenient outpatient follow-up for initial parenteral sulbactam/ampicillin therapy. Extensive testing of various laboratory parameters has revealed no evidence of systemic toxicity with sultamicillin. The only significant side effect of sultamicillin is diarrhea/loose stools, which, although a frequent complaint in some studies, is of mild to moderate severity and results in a low discontinuation rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Gastroesophageal reflux after esophageal surgery--evaluations based on esophageal transit scintigram].

By means of esophageal transit scintigram using 99mTc-DTPA, 15 patients (13 esophageal carcinomas and 2 cardia carcinomas) were studied, in whom esophagogastric anastomosis was done according to the posterior invagination anastomosis technique we had devised. In all 8 patients with anastomosis at cervical region, gastroesophageal reflux was not seen on both scintigrams before and after meals, and the average pressure gradient of high pressure zone at anastomosis was 39.8 cmH2O. In 2 of 7 patients with intrathoracic anastomosis, the scintigram before meals showed severe reflex, and the endoscopic findings showed diffuse and moderate erosion in the esophageal mucosa. The average pressure gradient across the anastomosis was 6.5 cmH2O. In these 2 patients, the new fornix with a sharp angle of His was not formed. In the remaining 5 patients with intrathoracic anastomosis, reflux was not seen on the scintigram before meals. However, in 2 of them, the scintigram after meal and endoscopic examination revealed mild reflux and mild esophagitis respectively. Furthermore in one patient very mild reflux was observed only on the scintigram after meals but the endoscopic findings showed the normal esophageal mucosa. In these 5 patients, the average pressure gradient across the anastomosis was 17.0 cmH2O, which was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that in 2 patients with severe reflux and was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) than the mean value of high pressure zone in 8 patients with cervical anastomosis. In conclusion, it is presumed that the formation of a large fornix enough to store food and a sharp angle of His are important factors in maintaining an anti-reflux mechanism. The esophageal transit scintigram was proved to be an excellent technique in detecting and evaluating quantitatively gastroesophageal reflux.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Gingival fibroblasts and tissues attachment to curetted cementum surface in periodontally involved teeth.

We examined whether or not gingival fibroblasts attach to curetted cementum surface in periodontally involved teeth. For in vitro experiment, superficial cementum in periodontally involved human teeth was curetted and cut into 3 X 3 mm fragments, put into a plastic plate and mixed with fibroblasts for 1 to 3 days. Numerous fibroblasts attached to the curetted cementum surfaces, while only a few fibroblasts could attach to the diseased cementum. For in vivo experiment, experimental periodontitis was induced in monkeys by leaving a resin plate in artificially created marginal bone crest for 3 months. In the flap surgery, only superficial cementum was curetted. Two- and 4-month biopsy specimens disclosed that the regenerated gingival tissues attached well to the curetted cementum surface. Both in vivo and in vitro results indicated subjacent cementum in periodontally involved teeth could be a suitable surface for fibrous attachment.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

In vitro interaction between gingival fibroblasts and various root surfaces.

The objective of the present in vitro study was to examine the effect of various root surface treatments on the initial attachment of gingival fibroblasts. Cultured fibroblasts were well spread and attached to demineralized dentin with citric acid, superficially curetted cementum, and root surface with periodontal ligament, while those on the planed dentin showed a poorly spread appearance. The first three root surfaces exhibited rough and irregular surface appearances with a well-developed filopodia and the latter root surface exhibited a smooth appearance, suggesting the texture of the root surface is closely associated with cell attachment. Interiorized collagen fibrils and numerous cytoplasmic vesicles were seen along the cell membrane of fibroblasts facing the root surfaces of the planed dentin, demineralized dentin, and superficially curetted cementum. Thus even the artificially exposed tooth surface with citric acid may be subjected to further alteration by fibroblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies of Chlamydia trachomatis in male urethritis].

From January through December 1986, the urethral smear specimens from 132 male urethritis patients were examined by using Chlamydia trachomatis direct specimen test (Micro Trak). C. trachomatis was detected in 59 (44.7%) out of 132 male urethritis patients, 8 (30.8%) out of 26 patients with gonococcal urethritis (GU), and 51 (48.1%) out of 106 patients with non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). In 5 (31.3%) out of 16 cases, already treated in other hospitals, infection of C. trachomatis was revealed. The age distribution of the patients with chlamydial urethritis (NGU-C) was between 19 and 52 years old, and the average was 30.9 years old. The peak incubation periods of GU and NGU-C were seen within 7 days and between 8 and 14 days, respectively. In NGU-C patients, 70.6% of them showed WBC less than or equal to 9/hpf in first voided urine sediment. The source of infection was a non-prostitute in 22.2% and a prostitute in 72.2% of GU, while in NGU-C 23.5% was infected from a non-prostitute, and 62.7% from a prostitute. Ofloxacin (OFLX) was administered in a daily dosage of 600 mg (in 3 divided oral doses) for 5 to 14 days in 38 NGU-C patients, and C. trachomatis was eliminated in all cases after the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The reversal of increased gluconeogenesis in the tumor-bearing rat by tumor removal and food intake.

The accelerated mobilization of peripheral protein and subsequent increased gluconeogenesis are regarded as mechanisms of cancer cachexia. To determine the relation of gluconeogenesis to different degrees of tumor burden and subsequent tumor removal in the fed and fasted states, we examined the activity and mRNA levels of the key regulatory enzyme for gluconeogenesis: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPck) in the liver of Fischer rats with a transplanted methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma. PEPck activity in liver cytosol, after a 24-hour fast, was significantly higher in the tumor-bearing rats than in their pair-fed controls. The increase in enzyme activity was clearly evident at 8% tumor burden and correlated positively with the degree of tumor burden (r = 0.85, p less than 0.01). Removal of the tumor produced a complete reversal of PEPck activity 10 days after excision. Regular feeding also abolished this increased enzyme activity. A similar trend was seen in the mitochondria. PEPck mRNA levels of rats with greater than 11% tumor burden in the fed state were decreased more than those of controls. PEPck mRNA levels were equally elevated in tumor bearers and controls in the 24-hour-fasted state. These results suggest that tumor-bearing simulates the fasted state associated with hypoglycemia, which in turn triggers induction of the gluconeogenic enzyme, PEPck.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Development of nephrotic ICGN mice--the origin, reproductive ability, and incidence of glomerulonephritis.

ICGN is a strain of spontaneous nephrotic mice with nonproliferative glomerular lesions. It was derived from an outbred Yok: ICR colony in our laboratory. The renal disease constantly occurred in animals of the first to the tenth generations (greater than 13.0%; 70 days of age). When affected males were mated with unaffected females, the incidence of the disease in their offspring was 38.8% (n = 49) at 70 days after birth. When both parents were affected, their offspring were all affected (n = 12). The disease evenly progressed in both sexes. It usually began 40 to 150 days after birth and death occurred within two months after onset. The animals usually showed sufficient reproductive ability as long as unaffected females were used for mating.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of renal oncocytoma].

Two cases of renal oncocytoma are reported. These patients were a 67-year-old man and a 74-year-old man who had incidentally been indicated to have a right renal mass lesion by echography in other hospitals. In both cases, enhanced computed tomographic scan showed a low density renal mass. In selective renal angiogram of the two cases, a spoke-wheel configuration of vessels could be seen in one case, but there was no evidence of renal mass in another. Total nephrectomy was performed in each case. Two masses were pathologically diagnosed as oncocytoma, constructed of large eosinophilic cells with granular cytoplasm and small regular nuclei. These two patients have been well for more than 2 years after the surgery. These are the 25th and 26th cases of renal oncocytoma reported in Japan before December, 1988.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Measurement of portal blood flow by an ultrasonic "duplex" system composed of a pulsed Doppler flowmeter and a linear-type real time B mode electroscanner.

The portal vein hemodynamics of patients with various liver diseases were investigated by means of a duplex system consisting of a linear electroscanner and a pulsed Doppler flowmeter. In cases of chronic liver disease, the cross-sectional area of the portal vein trunk became greater as the liver injury proceeded, while the maximum velocity tended to decrease. However, blood flow volume was no different between the controls and the chronic liver disease group. On the other hand, the splenic venous flow volume tended to increase as the liver injury advanced, suggesting that the increase in splenic venous flow volume is closely related to the formation of esophageal varices. This method permits non-invasive observation of changes during the course of various types of liver disease.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1988

Changes of HDL subfraction concentration and particle size by intralipid in vivo.

The effects of the artificial triglyceride-phospholipid emulsion (10% intralipid) on HDL subfraction were studied in vivo. After a 14-h fast, subjects received intralipid via a 4-h infusion. Serum lipoproteins were analyzed before and at 4 and 6 h after the start of the infusion. At 4-h the following acute changes by infusion were observed. Triglyceride, phospholipid, free cholesterol, and esterified cholesterol in chylomicrons and VLDL increased. HDL2 as well as triglyceride, phospholipid, free cholesterol and protein within the HDL2 increased, while HDL3 decreased. An increase in HDL3 triglyceride was observed. The masses of apo A-I and A-II in the HDL2 density interval rose while these parameters fell in HDL3. There were decreases of apo C-II and C-III in the HDL subfractions and elevations in chylomicrons and VLDL. The particle size of the HDL subfractions increased. However, most of these acute changes at 4 h tended to disappear by 6 h. These results suggest that there is exchange of lipids and reversible transfer of apo C-II and C-III between HDL subfractions and intralipid, and conversion of HDL3 to HDL2 followed by the reverse conversion of HDL2 to HDL3 as the synthetic emulsion is cleared from the plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Dural arteriovenous malformations in the anterior cranial fossa.

Two elderly patients with dural arteriovenous malformations in the anterior cranial fossa are reported. These patients experienced rupture of the malformations at the age of 73 and 87 years. Surgical excision of the malformation was carried out on the younger patient. In the other case megavoltage x-ray therapy was applied because radical operation was not prudent. A search of the literature provided 26 other cases of this malformation involving the anterior cranial fossa. These are the first cases of rupture of arteriovenous malformation in the anterior fossa in patients over the age of 70.

Aged↗