[Effectiveness of disintegration of a pancreatic duct stone with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy].
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Calculi↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Noguchi
Publications and source records attributed to Y Noguchi.
[Inhalation therapy of antibiotics].
We produced experimental murine Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia by air-borne infection using exposure apparatus (LD50: 9.7 X 10 C.F.U./lung). The MIC value of cefazolin was 1.56 micrograms/ml, and that of gentamicin was 0.39 micrograms/ml. We treated this murine pneumonia with aerosolized antibiotics. The infected mice received inhalation of 50 mg (5 mg/ml), 100 mg (10 mg/ml), 200 mg (20 mg/ml) and 400 mg (40 mg/ml) gentamicin were alive. Survival rate of the infected mice treated with inhalation of 1000 mg (100 mg/ml) cefazolin was low, but that of them received inhalation of 500 mg (50 mg/ml) cefazolin was high. On the basis of these experiments it is suggested that aerosol of 50 mg/ml cefazolin gets to alveoli, and inhalation therapy of low level of cephems is proper for bacterial respiratory infections. Inhalation therapy of 50 mg/ml cephem for chronic bronchitis had a marked clinical effect. This proves that aerosol of cephem gets to infected bronchi.
Administration, Inhalation↗
[A case of acute focal bacterial nephritis].
Acute focal bacterial nephritis refers to a renal mass caused by acute focal infection. We report a case of acute focal bacterial nephritis, herein. The case was in a 56-year-old woman, who was hospitalized with the chief complaint of left flank pain, chills and fever. Intravenous pyelography suggested the presence of a mass in the upper pole of the left kidney. Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic mass, CT scan revealed a round, low density mass. Antibiotic therapy resulted in resolution of symptoms, and a follow-up CT scan and ultrasonography showed complete resolution of the renal mass.
Acute Disease↗
[A case of cerebral venous angioma; effectiveness of MRI for confirmation of its hemorrhagic change].
A case of 6-year-old girl with cerebral venous angioma was presented. MRI was found to be quite effective apparatus for evaluating pathological process, especially hemorrhagic change, in this disease.
Brain Neoplasms↗
[Seizures induced by movement].
Three cases with seizures induced by movement are presented. These patients were a 24-year-old man, a 15-year-old girl and a 15-year-old boy respectively. In each case, the onset began at the age of thirteen. The following characteristics were observed in all cases. The attacks were precipitated by sudden initiation of voluntary movement after rest. The attacks were brought on, for instance, by running quickly from a standing position, and were characterized by tonic spasm or choreoathetotic movement of unilateral extremities. They lasted only 5 - 10 seconds, without loss of consciousness and occurred up to ten times daily. Between the attacks there were no abnormalities. Neurological examination and laboratory findings were all negative. EEG at rest showed normal findings in two cases and abnormality in one case. Cerebral angiograms did not show any abnormalities in any of the cases. On CT scans and MRI, mild dilatation of lateral ventricles was observed in one case. One of these three cases was familial. Concerning treatment, carbamazepine was the most effective means to inhibit the attacks in all three cases. Seizures induced by movement may suggest moyamoya disease to neurosurgeons who are not familiar with this disease, so it is important to be able to recognize this disease when it is encountered.
Adolescent↗
Effects of intraventricular noradrenaline on vasogenic edema.
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Animals↗
Rat cytotoxic T lymphocytes against human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-infected cells recognize gag gene and env gene encoded antigens.
T cell immune responses in syngeneic WKA/H rats were analyzed by using lymphoid cell lines, TARS-1, TART-1, and TARL-2, infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Spleen cells of rats in which these cell lines had been rejected were sensitized in vitro with the same cell lines, and cells cytotoxic to these HTLV-1+ cell lines, and cells cytotoxic to these HTLV-1+ cell lines were generated. The effector cells were CTL of the CD5+ CD8+ phenotype and showed restriction of MHC class I Ag. Direct tests as well as cold target cell inhibition tests with an array of cell populations showed that these CTL reacted only with syngeneic HTLV-1+ cell lines. When xenogeneic HTLV-1+ cell lines were similarly utilized for in vitro sensitization, rat CTL specific for syngeneic HTLV-1+ cells were generated. They were not, however, reactive with xenogeneic HTLV-1+ cells used for sensitization. Syngeneic rat cells selectively expressing gag, env, or pX gene coded Ag were prepared by infection of recombinant vaccinia viruses. In cold target cell inhibition tests of anti-HTLV-1 CTL with thus prepared cells, cytotoxicity against the syngeneic HTLV-1+ cells line, TARS-1, was inhibited by syngeneic cells expressing gag gene or env gene coded Ag. Inhibition was, however, more consistent and more dominant by cells with gag gene than those with env gene. Syngeneic cells with pX gene and MHC class I incompatible cells with gag, env, or pX gene did not inhibit cytotoxicity.
Animals↗
Radical surgery for gastric cancer. A review of the Japanese experience.
Overall results after operations for gastric cancer in Japan are far superior to results obtained in the US and Europe. We have reviewed the Japanese literature in an effort to determine what factors explain this difference. It appears that the survival differences are due mainly to a greater frequency of early gastric cancer in Japan; meticulous histopathologic evaluation of the surgical specimens, resulting in more accurate pathologic staging; and the presumed benefit of extended nodal dissection when it extends outside of the level of node-positive disease. Although patients with both apparent and confirmed direct adjacent organ invasion can be helped by resection of those organs, extended resections of uninvolved pancreas and spleen do not improve rate of survival beyond the benefit of improved nodal dissection. Overall, there would appear to be justification for reexamining extended nodal dissection for gastric cancer in the US. Opportunities for a meaningful national study are significant.
Humans↗
Isolation and sequencing of a cDNA clone encoding 96 kDa sialoglycoprotein in rat liver lysosomal membranes.
We isolated and sequenced LGP 96, a cDNA clone corresponding to the entire coding sequence of the rat liver lysosomal membrane sialoglycoprotein with an apparent Mr of 96 K, LGP 96. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates that LGP 96 consists of 411 amino acid residues (Mr 45,163) and the 26 NH2-terminal residues presumably constitute a cleavable signal peptide. The major portion of LGP 96 resides on the luminal side of the lysosome and bears a large number of N-linked heavily sialylated complex type carbohydrate chains, giving the mature molecule of 96 kDa. The protein has 17 potential N-glycosylation sites and 32.1 and 65.3% sequence similarities in amino acid to LGP 107 and human lamp-2, respectively. The glycosylation sites are clustered into two domains separated by a hinge-like structure enriched with proline and threonine. LGP 96 possesses one putative transmembrane domain consisting of 24 hydrophobic amino acids near the COOH-terminus and contains a short cytoplasmic segment constituting 12 amino acid residues at the COOH-terminal end. Comparison of LGP 96 and recently cloned lysosomal membrane glycoprotein sequences reveals strong similarity in the putative transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail. It is very likely that these portions are important for the targeting of molecules to lysosomes. A comparison of LGP 96 and LGP 107 showed numerous structural similarities.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Isolation and sequencing of a cDNA clone encoding acid phosphatase in rat liver lysosomes.
A full length cDNA for acid phosphatase in rat liver lysosomes was isolated and sequenced. The predicted amino acid sequence comprises 423 residues (48,332 Da). A putative signal peptide of 30 residues is followed by the NH2-terminal sequence of lysosomal acid phosphatase (45,096 Da). The deduced NH2-terminal 18-residue sequence is identical with that determined directly for acid phosphatases purified from the rat liver lysosomal membranes. The primary structure deduced for acid phosphatase contains 9 potential N-glycosylation sites and a hydrophobic region which could function as a transmembrane domain. It exhibits 89% and 67% sequence similarities in amino acids and nucleic acids, respectively, to human lysosomal acid phosphatase. The amino acid sequence of the putative transmembrane segment shows a complete similarity to that of the human enzyme. Northern blot hybridization analysis identified a single species of acid phosphatase mRNA (2.2 kbp in length) in rat liver.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Isolation and sequencing of a cDNA clone encoding 107 kDa sialoglycoprotein in rat liver lysosomal membranes.
A cDNA for 107 kDa sialoglycoprotein (LGP 107), the major protein component of rat liver lysosomal membranes, was isolated and sequenced. The 1.8 kbp cDNA contained an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide consisting of 386 amino acid residues (Mr 41,914). The deduced NH2-terminal 10-residue sequence is identical with that determined for purified LGP 107. The primary structure deduced for LGP 107 contains 20 potential N-glycosylation sites and exhibits 82.5, 43 and 60% sequence similarities to mouse LAMP-1, chicken LEP 100, and a 120-kDa human lysosomal glycoprotein, respectively. Among these lysosomal glycoproteins, the amino acid sequence of the putative transmembrane segment is highly conserved. Northern blot hybridization analysis identified a single species of LGP 107 mRNA (2.1 kbp in length) in rat liver, kidney, brain, lung, spleen, heart and pancreas, although its level in pancreas was very low.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Carcinoma at the esophago-gastric junction--its biological behaviour toward the squamous epithelium.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the clinical and histopathological significance of tumors at the esophago-gastric junction (EGJ). The biological behaviour of these tumors was studied, with regard to the infiltrative pattern and mitotic index, in 15 patients with tumors at the EGJ. Twenty-seven tumors at the cardia, with or without esophageal invasion, were chosen for DNA analysis at their most proximal and deepest apexes. The esophageal and gastric apexes of the tumors had the same infiltrative pattern in 14 out of 15 cases and this tendency was not altered with further stratification of the anatomical layers. In comparing the deviations of the stem lines, the relative frequency of nuclei with DNA over 4n and 6n and aneuploid from the DNA histograms between the esophageal and the deepest apexes of the tumor revealed no statistically significant differences, depending on esophageal invasion. From these results, the specificities of EGJ toward tumor invasion or activity were not regarded as consequential, and the EGJ couldn't be regarded as a barrier against tumor invasion.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Role of the medullary vasomotor centre in the development of plateau waves.
Plateau waves can sometimes be found in various neurosurgical patients with increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In spite of the clinical importance of the waves, the precise mechanism producing them is still obscure. It has been reported that the waves are often accompanied by a reduction of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and suppression of respiration, suggesting a role of the brain stem in their development. In this study, we induced intracranial hypertension in dogs by occluding the neck veins, then stimulated the pressor and depressor areas of the brain stem, observing changes of ICP, ABP, cerebral blood flow (CBF), respiration and heart rate. Stimulation of the brain stem usually caused an increase in the ICP accompanied by variations of the ABP, CBF, respiration and heart rate. These variations were divided into two types: Type I and Type II. Type I which was induced by the stimulation of the pressor area of the brain stem comprised an arterial pressor response, an increase of CBF, hyperventilation and bradycardia. Type II which was caused by stimulation of the depressor area, included declines of the ABP and CBF, respiratory suppression and bradycardia. Of these, variations observed in Type II were similar in many respects to the plateau waves observed in clinical practice. We suggest that the depressor area of the medullary vasomotor centre may play an important role in eliciting the cerebral vasomotor reaction in the development of plateau waves in intracranial hypertension.
Animals↗
Analysis of urinary and circulating FDP subfragments and subunits: application of the western-blot technique.
We applied the Western-blot technique for qualifying fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) subfragments and subunits. With this technique we examined urine or serum samples from patients with glomerulonephritis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), in order to observe how primary or secondary fibrinolysis functioned under these pathological conditions. We also tested the antigenic recognition of several FDP antibodies with this technique. The results obtained were as follows: 1) FDP in serum samples from patients with DIC consisted of both fibrinogenolytic and fibrinolytic products; 2) Fibrinolysis was predominant in the serum from one patient with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, and its level increased after fibrinolytic therapy with urokinase; 3) Fibrinogen and fibrin polymers were always the major components of urinary FDP, although fibrinolytic products such as subfragment D-D dimer were detected in patients with glomerular disease and increased in acute exacerbation; 4) Anti-FDP D-D dimer monoclonal antibody (DD 3B6), which is usually considered to react specifically with cross-linked fibrin derivatives, also seemed to have cross-reactivity with non-crosslinked fibrin derivatives.
Blotting, Western↗
The effects of intraventricular administration of norepinephrine on vasogenic edema.
The effects of intraventricular application of norepinephrine (NE) on the development of vasogenic edema was studied in mongrel dogs randomly divided into a control and an experimental group (NE group). Vasogenic edema was produced by infusion of a 2.0 M NaCl solution (hypertonic saline) unilaterally into the carotid artery. NE (40 micrograms/kg) was injected into the lateral ventricle 30 minutes before the infusion of hypertonic saline, after which intracranial pressure (ICP) and systemic blood pressure were continuously recorded. The animals were sacrificed 2 hours after the infusion of hypertonic saline and brain tissues were sampled from both hemispheres for measurement of the water content. Infusion of hypertonic saline produced a marked increase in ICP in the control group and a lesser increase in the NE group. The mean ICP in the control group was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that of the NE group from 30 to 120 minutes after saline infusion. The water content of the saline-infused hemisphere was significantly higher than that of the contralateral hemisphere in the control group, whereas the difference was not significant in the NE group. These results suggest that intraventricular administration of NE may protect against the development of intracranial hypertension due to vasogenic edema.
Animals↗
[Cecoureterocele. A case report].
A case of cecoureterocele in a 22-month-old girl is reported. She was admitted because of recurrent urinary tract infection associated with fever and dysuria. Excretory urogram showed a left duplex kidney with hydroureteronephrosis of the upper and lower moieties. Although the left upper moiety was hypofunctioned, some excretion of contrast medium was noted. Voiding cystourethrography demonstrated reflux into the left upper moiety, and a prominent dilation of the bladder neck and the urethra. Bladder sonography demonstrated an ectopic ureterocele at the bladder neck, and it was diagnosed as a cecoureterocele by endoscopic examination. Left pyelopyelostomy, total ureterectomy from the left upper half kidney and open resection of the ureterocele were performed together with reimplantation of the left lower ureter using Cohen technique in 1 stage. At the operation, the left lower ureter was confirmed as a typical obstructive megaureter. Convalescence was uneventful, and postoperative excretory urogram revealed an improvement of the left pyeloureterogram. But the postoperative voiding cystourethrography showed a remnant of cecoureterocele in the urethra causing bladder outlet obstruction. Endoscopic incision of the remnant cele wall in the urethra resulted in marked improvement in voiding and complete resolution of urinary tract infection. A brief review of cecoureterocele was given.
Female↗
[Esophago-bronchial fistulas in adult].
Esophago-bronchial fistulas in adult are rare and for the most part are due to a malignant tumor. The authors present two cases of benign Esophago-bronchial fistula which were discovered accidentally by esophagography. One case was considered to be congenital. Esophagography is the most useful for diagnosis of this disease.
Bronchial Fistula↗
[The clinical picture of terminally ill patients with lung cancer].
An investigation has been made with regard to the clinical picture of 87 terminally ill patients with lung cancer. It has yielded the following points. 1) Seven patients had been informed of their diagnosis. 2) Intravenous hyperalimentation was administered in 78 cases (90%), oxygen therapy in 68 cases (78%), and morphine in 35 cases (40%). 3) The most frequent cause of death in these patients was respiratory failure, due to progress of cancer, then infection, pleural, or pericardial effusion, or interstitial pneumonitis. 4) Psychic disturbances involved anxiety over breathing, depression, and delirium. In only 12% of the patients did the mental condition seem normal until death. 5) To deal with the dying patient's needs, it is necessary to establish proper treatment for the control of sensory dyspnea and for psychosocial support by a psychiatrist and other professionals for members of the family.
Adult↗