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Biomedical subjects

Y Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nishimura.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Operative ultrasonography for lung cancer surgery.

During 60 operations for lung cancer, high-resolution (7.5 MHz) operative ultrasonography was performed to evaluate direct cardiovascular invasion of tumor (24 operations), lymph node metastasis (30 operations), liver metastasis (13 operations). Immediately after thoracotomy or sternotomy but before tissue dissection, operative scanning enabled delineation and evaluation of the evaluation of the vessels and heart (atrium) behind or within the tumor and detection of regional lymph nodes. The accuracy of operative ultrasound in diagnosing the presence or the extent of cardiovascular invasion was 91.7% (22 of 24 operations), which was significantly (p less than 0.02) higher than preoperative studies (62.5%), including computed tomography and angiography. Of the 24 surgical procedures, 23 were consistent with operations proposed on the basis of operative ultrasound findings, whereas only 16 were consistent with preoperatively proposed (p less than 0.01). Operative ultrasound provided the capability of depicting lymph nodes as small as 3 mm. More lymph nodes (8.0 +/- 1.84 nodes per cancer) were detected with operative ultrasound than with computed tomography (4.8 +/- 1.56 nodes) (p less than 0.001); however, the sensitivity and specificity of operative ultrasound in determining lymph node metastasis were 82.4% and 67.3%, respectively. No liver metastasis was identified. The information provided by operative ultrasound regarding cardiovascular invasion and lymph node and liver metastasis was considered helpful in selecting the type of surgical procedure an in avoiding unnecessary tissue dissection.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of thoracic duct cyst].

A case of mediastinal thoracic duct is described. A 27-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital for abnormal finding of her chest X-ray film, which revealed a mediastinal mass. CT scan, endoscopic ultrasonography, MRI showed that the mass was cystic in the posterior mediastinum. Intra operative ultrasonography demonstrated a thin-walled ovoid cyst containing some high echoic parts inside, which suggested condensed milky fluid. The small pedicle entered the upper pole of cyst was found at surgery and the cyst contained chyle about 300 ml. Histopathological specimen of resected cyst showed a structure of thoracic duct with some lymphoid tissue. Postoperative course was smooth. The characteristic finding of ultrasonography seemed to be valuable in the diagnosis of thoracic duct cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Histologic evaluation of tissue response to sintered lanthanum-containing hydroxyapatites subcutaneously implanted in rats.

Hydroxyapatite, lanthanum-containing hydroxyapatite, and lanthanum- and zirconium-containing hydroxyapatite discs were implanted subcutaneously in the backs of rats. The implanted discs and surrounding tissues were removed at 5 and 12 hours, and 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after implantation, and fixed in paraformaldehyde. Tissue samples were dehydrated and embedded in paraffin. Paraffin sections were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, van Gieson's, and Masson's trichrome. The early tissue reaction was exudative due to fibrin deposition and infiltration by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. The later reaction was characterized by the formation of fibrous tissue without inflammatory cell infiltration. The tissue reaction to all three types of material was identical by two months after implantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study on intracranial arachnoid cyst: with reference to the middle cranial fossa].

Thirty-two cases of congenital arachnoid cyst (AC), 26 cases of supratentorial, and 6 cases of infratentorial cyst are reported. They were encountered over a period of 9 years. The 26 supratentorial cysts consisted of 21 cases located in the middle fossa, 2 in the frontal, and 3 in the suprasellar. Patients' ages ranged from 7 months to 67 years (mean: 19.3 years), with a male to female ratio of 23:9. The most common symptoms were headache, epileptic seizure, and cranial enlargement. Based on observations between neuroradiological examinations including analysis of the cyst content, and operation, typical AC might be defined as "duplicated arachnoid and its splitting", and it may be said that "there is continuous existence of cerebral structure such as cortex and white matter lying adjacent to AC on MRI". Out of 32 cases, 15 received surgical treatment because of mass effect of AC itself, abnormal dynamics of the AC fluid, and/or increasing sign of ICP. 13 cases had resection of AC outer membrane with craniotomy, and the remaining two had cystoperitoneal shunt. One of the shunting cases complicated subdural hematoma. Surgical treatment was discussed and radical craniotomy rather than a shunt procedure was preferred. Prognosis of all cases was favorable and uneventful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Muscle carnitine deficiency associated with myalgia and rhabdomyolysis following exercise].

A case of 16-year-old female with myalgia and myoglobinuria following prolonged exercise was reported. Neurological examination revealed mild weakness of proximal muscle in the lower extremities. Serum CK, LDH, myoglobin were significantly increased during the attacks. On biopsy, the muscle fibers contained myriad lipid-filled vacuoles, in predominantly type 1 fibers. Electron microscope examinations revealed numerous lipid droplets adjacent to mitochondria and glycogen particles. Carnitine level in the patient's muscle was markedly reduced (under 5% of control), but the serum carnitine concentration was normal. The muscle carnitine palmityl transferase level was not depressed. A forearm ischemic test resulted in normal lactate production. On exercise tolerance test by a bicycle ergometer, mild exercise (15-30 watts for 15 minutes) induced myalgia and marked elevation in serum CK, lactate and pyruvate, while severe exercise showed no increase in serum CK level. The findings suggest that the energy production system in the skeletal muscle was impaired. However, the enzyme activities of NADH oxidation in mitochondria and the anaerobic glycolysis pathway were within normal limits. During fasting (36 hours), there was a normal production of ketone bodies, suggesting that hepatic metabolism of lipids was normal. She showed good response to L-carnitine therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Antimicrobial activity of cefteram comparison with other oral antibiotics].

Antimicrobacterial activities of cefteram (CFTM) against clinical isolates collected in 1988 were compared with those of new beta-lactams. 1. Antibacterial activities of CFTM against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Branhamella catarrhalis isolated from acute respiratory tract infections were 8- to 16-fold higher than those of cefaclor (CCL). 2. Activities of cefixime (CFIX) were superior to those of CFTM against B. catarrhalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, but were inferior to CFTM against S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Staphylococcus aureus. 3. Activities of cefuroxime were superior to those of CCL against each of the 4 tested bacterial species from acute respiratory tract infection and S. aureus by 4-fold, but were inferior to CFTM and CFIX against most of Gram-negative rods. 4. Sultamicillin (SBTPC) is considered to have an activity to inhibit beta-lactamase, but its MICs did not exceed the MICs of ampicillin by itself. SBTPC showed poor antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Considering these observations, it is apparent that we are faced with a variety of factors in selecting antibiotics for best results.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1989

[A retrospective study of recurrent breast cancer following radical mastectomy].

During 10 years from 1974 to 1986, 390 patients with breast cancer underwent radical mastectomy in our consisting of 12 local lymph node, 26 bone metastasis and 20 lung metastasis. A total of 63 (69%) were found within 3 years. The time internal between radical mastectomy and cancer recurrence was significantly correlated with three year and five year survival rates. Radiation therapy was a adequate chemo-endocrine therapy was required in the control of bone metastasis.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Total repair of complete atrioventricular canal: relationship between age at operation and late results].

Twenty five consecutive patients with complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC) underwent one-stage operation from April 1981 to Aug. 1987. Average ages at operation was 18 months (2 to 72) and average weight was 7.0 kg (2.8 to 13.8). Fifteen patients were infants and fifteen had Down syndrome. Conventional cardiopulmonary bypass with pulsatile bypass pump (PBP) and moderate hypothermia at 28 degrees C was utilized in all patients. Single patch technique (SPT) was adopted for initial five patients and two patch technique for the latter twenties. Two patients died perioperatively (operative mortality 8.0%), one of whom from mitral stenosis after SPT and the other from misdiagnosis of large subpulmonary VSD. There was no hospital death. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPA), pulmonary systolic pressure to systemic systolic pressure ratio (Pp/Ps) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) were decreased remarkably from preoperative values of 56 +/- 14 mmHg, 0.92 +/- 0.13 and 6.2 +/- 4.9 WU.m2 to postoperative of 31 +/- 16 mmHg (p less than 0.001), 0.54 +/- 0.20 (p less than 0.001) and 4.6 +/- 4.0 WU.m2 (NS), respectively. Six patients had residual pulmonary hypertension in which mPA was more than 40 mmHg. One patient who was complicated with severe mitral regurgitation due to dehiscence of suture line and torn chordae had mitral valve replacement. Mean follow-up period was 26 months (5 to 63). The mean weights of 67%N at operation catched up with 87%N 3 years after operation. There were two late deaths, 4 and 20 months after operation between age at operation, both of whom had residual pulmonary hypertension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Retrograde coronary sinus perfusion of cardioplegic solution in Jatene operation in neonates and infants].

The clinical benefits of retrograde coronary sinus perfusion of a cardioplegic solution were investigated in 7 neonates and 23 infants undergoing Jatene operation. After an initial infusion of albumin-containing crystalloid cardioplegic solution via the aortic root, 21 patients received additional solution delivered by retrograde coronary sinus perfusion (retrograde group) and 9 patients received by selective antegrade coronary perfusion (antegrade group) every 20 to 30 minutes. There were no differences in age, weight, and left ventricular preoperative pressure and morphology between the two groups. Aortic cross-clamping time was 130 +/- 18 minutes in retrograde group and 147 +/- 20 minutes in antegrade group. Postoperative assays of CPK-MB, GOT and LDH, and hemodynamic measurements immediately after cessation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were carried out in all patients. Although there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of enzyme indexes, retrograde group showed a greater variation of sigma CPK-MB from patient to patient than antegrade group. However, hemodynamic parameters of CVP, left atrial pressure and rate-pressure product at 20-30 minutes after CPB were similar in the two groups. Six neonates in retrograde group also demonstrated the similar enzyme indexes and hemodynamic state immediately after CPB to other older patients. We concluded, therefore, that retroperfusion of cardioplegic solution in neonates and infants provides satisfactory myocardial protection as well as antegrade perfusion, and it was a useful means of cardioplegic delivery in Jatene operation, because of its simplicity.

Aorta↗
PubMed1989

Elevated serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptors in HTLV-I--associated myelopathy.

Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured the level of soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2Rs) in the serum of 50 normal controls, 48 human carriers of T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody who had no symptoms, 11 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), and 39 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) (four smoldering, 10 chronic, nine lymphoma, and 16 acute type). The highest levels of sIL-2R were observed in patients with acute and lymphoma-type ATL, as opposed to those with chronic and smoldering-type ATL. The levels of sIL-2R in patients with HAM were roughly between those of smoldering ATL and healthy HTLV-I carriers. Serum sIL-2R levels in healthy carriers were also elevated compared with those in normal controls. These observations suggest that the measurement of sIL-2R levels in patients with ATL can be useful as a noninvasive measure of tumor burden and should aid in the understanding of the natural history of HTLV-I infection leading to the development of ATL.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical significance of exercise induced ST segment depression after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty--assessment by thallium-201 SPECT].

To evaluate the clinical significance of ST segment depression during repeated Treadmill exercise after successful PTCA, Thallium-201 SPECT was performed. The Thallium-201 SPECT was performed before, one week after and 3-6 months after PTCA. All thirty-five patients had one vessel disease and positive Thallium-201 exercise test. During follow-up period for 3-6 months, 11 of 35 patients had persistent ST segment depression. Restenosis of dilated coronary lesion was demonstrated in 6 of 11 patients. In another 3 of 35 patients, exercise induced ST segment depression was disappeared during follow-up Treadmill exercise. In 14 patients with persistent or transient ST segment depression after PTCA, Thallium-201 SPECT demonstrated transient ischemia in 5 of 6 patients with restenosis. In other 8 patients without restenosis, SPECT images did not demonstrate myocardial ischemia and coronary arteriographic findings could not verify side branch stenosis or intimal dissection which might cause myocardial ischemia. The etiology of ST segment depression after successful PTCA in one vessel disease is not produced by exercise induced myocardial ischemia but still unknown mechanisms may be present.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Removal of an intracardiac foreign body].

Four patients with intracardiac foreign body, in whom central venous catheter was accidentally cut and its fragment was migrated into the cardiovascular system, are presented. One patient was surgically treated. Other patients were treated using transvascular catheter technique. In one of three patients, however, a chorda of tricuspid valve was hooked by a grasping catheter and the patient was forced to surgical removal of both a catheter fragment and the grasping catheter. We discussed the method and problems to remove intra-cardiovascular foreign body.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Location of DNA-binding segment of a positive regulator, OmpR, involved in activation of the ompF and ompC genes of Escherichia coli.

OmpR protein is a positive regulator involved in activation of the ompF and ompC genes which encode the major outer membrane proteins OmpF and OmpC, respectively. OmpR protein is considered to have a two-domain structure. In the present study we isolated a C-terminal fragment of the OmpR molecule, which bound to a specific promoter sequence of the ompF gene. We conclude that the C-terminal portion of the OmpR protein contains a DNA-binding site.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between heat-induced vascular damage and thermosensitivity in four mouse tumors.

The relationship between heat-induced vascular damage and thermosensitivity was studied using four mouse transplantable tumors. The tumors used were spontaneous mammary carcinoma, SCC VII carcinoma, EMT6 sarcoma, and B16 melanoma. Under cultured conditions, B16 was more thermosensitive at 43 degrees C and 44 degrees C than SCC VII or EMT6. The in vivo tumor response to heat was evaluated by the growth delay after heating at 44 degrees C for 30 min. Among the four tumors, SCC VII was the most thermosensitive in vivo followed by EMT6, whereas B16 and spontaneous mammary carcinoma were thermoresistant. Vascular damage was studied quantitatively up to 24 h after heating by using microangiography. The order of the four tumors in vascular damage was well correlated with the tumor response in vivo. Histologically, tumor vessels of spontaneous mammary carcinoma were supported by connective tissues, and those of B16 had dense endothelial cells, compared to sparse endothelial cells of SCC VII and EMT6. Our findings suggest that variability in heat sensitivity of tumors is related to variation in the histological structure of tumor vasculature. That is, tumor vasculature with perivascular connective tissues and/or dense endothelial cells is less heat labile than that composed only of sparse endothelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Expression of CD5 regulates responsiveness to IL-1.

The role of the CD5 surface molecule in T cell responsiveness to IL-1 was examined. A CD5-mutant Jurkat cell line was generated from a CD5+ parent cell line. This CD5- mutant subclone was infected with a defective retrovirus containing the CD5 cDNA and/or the neo gene encoding G418 resistance. The CD5+ wild type Jurkat produced IL-2 in response to anti-CD3 mAb, OKT3, cross-linked to a solid surface. IL-2 production was enhanced by co-culture with IL-1 or anti-CD5 Mab. Neither the CD5- mutant nor the CD5- G418-resistant infectant responded to anti-CD5 mAb or to IL-1. Responsiveness to IL-1 was restored by cell surface expression of CD5 in the CD5+ infectant. Both the CD5+ wild type Jurkat and the CD5+ infectant responded equivalently to purified IL-1, IL-1 alpha and rIL-1 beta. Optimal concentrations of IL-1 and anti-CD5 mAb had an additive effect on the enhancement of IL-2 production stimulated with cross-linked anti-CD3 mAb suggesting that IL-1 and CD5 act through distinct, complementary pathways to augment T cell activation. The correlation of CD5 expression and specific binding of rIL-1 beta was examined in these cell lines. Both the specific binding (at 4 degrees C) and subsequent internalization (at 37 degrees C) of 125I labeled rIL-1 beta was equivalent in the CD5+ infectant and the CD5+ wild type Jurkat cell, whereas specific binding of 125I-labeled rIL-1 beta was markedly decreased in the CD5-G418-resistant infectant. These observations strongly suggest that cell surface expression of CD5 regulates binding of and responsiveness to IL-1.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

Liquid chromatographic determination of penicillins by postcolumn degradation with sodium hypochlorite using an hollow-fibre membrane reactor.

A sensitive, high-performance liquid chromatographic method involving postcolumn degradation with sodium hypochlorite and using a hollow-fibre membrane as a reactor is described for the determination of penicillins. Penicillins were separated on a C18 column followed by postcolumn reaction with sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide using aminated and sulphonated hollow-fibre membrane reactors immersed in each solution, and detected at 270-280 nm based on the UV absorbances of the degradation products. At penicillin concentrations of 2 micrograms/ml, the precisions (relative standard deviation) were 2.28-4.78%. The detection limits of the proposed method were 2.5-25 ng for each penicillin at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Ampicillin and its metabolites [(5R,6R)-ampicilloic acid, the (5S,6R)-epimer and (2R)-pierazine-2',5'-dione] in human serum and urine were simultaneously determined by this method.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗