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Biomedical subjects

Y Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Nishida.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Hypouricemia].

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Fanconi Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Esophageal adenocarcinoma in an 81-year-old man].

Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is relatively rare. An 81-year-old man with the chief complaints of loss of appetite and general fatigue was admitted to our hospital. By X-ray and endoscopic examination, a diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma in the Ei and Ea areas was made. A biopsy specimen obtained by endoscopy showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, and the tumor origin was recognized in the cardia of the stomach. Lower esophagofundectomy by left thoracolaparotomy was performed. The postoperative pathological diagnosis showed adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and the tumor expansively invading to the cardiac portion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Cloning of a Drosophila cDNA encoding a polypeptide similar to the human insulin receptor precursor.

A Drosophila cDNA clone was obtained using the human insulin receptor cDNA sequence as a probe. The 3586 bp nucleotide sequence predicted a single polypeptide of 1095 amino acid residues which showed considerable homology (35.2%) with the human insulin receptor precursor. Although the cDNA was incomplete at its 5'-terminal region, it encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein as a single precursor of a two subunit molecule having a structural architecture similar to that of the human insulin receptor precursor. The presumptive beta subunit carries a well conserved Tyr kinase domain which showed 63.5% homology with that of human insulin receptor; however the protein of the alpha subunit is only weakly conserved (25%).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Participation of baroreceptor reflexes in blood pressure and sympathetic nerve responses to a synthetic human atrial natriuretic peptide in anesthetized dogs.

The effects of a synthetic alpha human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (hANP) on systemic blood pressure and renal nerve activity were studied before and after sinoaortic denervation with vagotomy in anesthetized dogs. Intravenous injection of hANP (1 microgram/kg) in animals with the neuraxis intact produced a mild decrease in systemic blood pressure and a significant increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity. However, in animals with sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy, a profound fall in blood pressure occurred after administration of hANP. Renal nerve activity in these animals was reduced significantly, in parallel with decreases in systemic blood pressure. These results indicate that activation of peripheral baroreceptors minimizes the hypotension induced by intravenous injection of hANP, and may mask at least centrally mediated cardiovascular effects of hANP.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Establishment and characterization of B cell lines from individuals with various types of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiencies.

Patients with 2,8-dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis are either completely or partially deficient in adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activities. Patients with partial enzyme deficiencies, all of whom have been found among Japanese, are homozygotes having a unique mutant adenine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (APRT*J) in double dose (Japanese type deficiency). We have established B-cell lines from heterozygotes and homozygotes of complete and Japanese type adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiencies as well as normal individuals. Characterization of the cell lines indicated that all homozygous cells were deficient in adenine phosphoribosyltransferase function while all heterozygous and normal cells had functional adenine phosphoribosyltransferase.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed1986

Differential composition of cytosol 5'-nucleotidases between T and B lymphoblasts.

WI-L2 cells (a B-lymphoblastoid cell line) were more resistant than CEM cells (a T-lymphoblastoid cell line) to deoxyadenosine, ara-A (9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine), or ara-C (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) inhibition. This was caused by a difference in the composition of cytosol 5'-nucleotidases between WI-L2 and CEM cells. In intact cells, the endogenous production of deoxyadenosine from WI-L2 cells deficient in adenosine kinase (EC 2.7.1.20) and deoxycytidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.74) was consistently high, despite changes in endogenous adenosine production. Endogenous production of deoxyadenosine from CEM cells deficient in adenosine kinase and deoxycytidine kinase was, however, coordinated with endogenous adenosine production. In broken cells, cytosol dAMPase (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate 5'-nucleotidase) activity of WI-L2 cells was 3-5-fold higher than that of CEM cells. dAMPase activity could be separated from ATP-activated IMPase (inosine 5'-monophosphate 5'-nucleotidase) by gel filtration (molecular weight: dAMPase; 39,000-46,000; ATP-activated IMPase, greater than 150,000). Cytosol ATP-activated IMPase and dAMPase were isolated by phosphocellulose or DEAE-Bio-Gel A chromatography from non-specific phosphatases. The ATP-activated IMPase showed only marginal activity towards dAMP (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate), ara-AMP (9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine 5'-monophosphate), or ara-CMP (cytosine-beta-D-arabinofuranoside 5'-monophosphate), even in the presence of ATP. The activity of ATP-activated IMPase was similar in WI-L2 and CEM cells. dAMPase was separated into two peaks by DEAE-Bio-Gel A chromatography; one of these peaks degraded ara-AMP and ara-CMP. The activities of both peaks from WI-L2 cells were higher than those from CEM cells. These results show that the degradation of dAMP, ara-AMP or ara-CMP was more specific and rapid in WI-L2 than in CEM cells.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1986

Actions of 5'-methylthioadenosine in isolated guinea pig tracheal rings.

The effects of 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) on smooth muscle were investigated using isolated guinea pig tracheal rings. MTA, at high concentrations caused the relaxation of isolated guinea pig tracheal rings in a concentration-dependent manner. These actions were pronounced in the tracheal rings contracted by histamine or leukotriene D4. The tracheal contractions induced by varying doses of histamine or leukotriene D4 were also suppressed by pretreatment of relatively low doses of MTA in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the tracheal rings with propranolol, tetrodotoxin, indomethacin and dipyridamole did not block the actions of MTA. In contrast, theophylline blocked the effects of MTA. These results suggested that MTA action on tracheal smooth muscle cells may be mediated by direct action on adenosine receptors.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1986

Fetal calf serum-mediated toxicity of human polyamines to lymphocytes.

The toxicity of polyamines in the presence of fetal calf serum (FCS) to resting and stimulated human lymphocytes was investigated. Polyamines were cytotoxic to resting lymphocytes in the presence of FCS in a dose-dependent manner. The order of toxicity was: spermine greater than spermidine greater than putrescine. Blastogenic responses of human lymphocytes were also suppressed by spermine and spermidine but not putrescine. The lymphocytes which respond to PWM were most sensitive to polyamine toxicity. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and mannitol were ineffective in preventing the toxicity of polyamines. The sensitivity to polyamine toxicity of lymphocytes varied with age of the lymphocyte donors.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Early postimplantation embryo lethality due to DNA rearrangements in a transgenic mouse strain.

Insertional mutagenesis in a transgenic mouse strain (HUGH/3) was caused by integration of plasmid DNA containing the human growth hormone gene and pBR322 plasmid sequences. From this study, which includes another instance of mutagenesis, and from other reports, it is apparent that insertional mutagenesis occurs fairly frequently during DNA integration in the mouse egg and that it is not specific for the exogenous DNA employed. The mutation in HUGH/3 is recessive and results in death of embryos homozygous for the donor sequences shortly after implantation, at the egg cylinder stage on days 4-5 of gestation. Restriction mapping of the insert and of the flanking DNA regions indicates that integration must have involved a series of complex events. Approximately five copies of plasmid sequences are arrayed in tandem but are interrupted at least twice by mouse cellular sequences. In addition, the mouse flanking DNA shows extensive rearrangements, probably including a deletion of at least 10 kilobases. The rearrangements may reflect an initially unstable DNA structure followed by attainment of a more stable conformation.

Animals↗