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Biomedical subjects

Y Murayama

Publications and source records attributed to Y Murayama.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[A clinicopathological study on carcinoma of the gastric stump, with special reference to mucosal change].

Ten carcinomas of the gastric stump reconstructed by Billroth I (one case) and Billroth II (9 cases) methods were treated an average of 20 (range: 7-46) years after partial gastrectomy. Because of highly advanced carcinoma, total gastrectomy with resection of invaded organs was performed. The 5-year survival rate was 33%, and was not different from that in patients with carcinoma of the cardia. Thus, the prognosis of gastric stump carcinoma was not poor if extended radical operation was carried out. The mucosa showed severe atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia or atrophic and hypertrophic gastritis in patients with carcinoma. However, the mucosa was hyperplasia of the glands in almost all patients with stomal ulcer. Thus, our findings suggest that atrophic change with intestinalization plays a role in gastric carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Prognostic factors in breast cancer and recurrence: study using a quantification theory; type-II].

The relevance of age, menopausal status, histological type as classified by the Japan Mammary Cancer Society, level of invasion of the primary tumor, invasion of breast cancer cells into blood vessels, invasion of breast cancer into lymphatic vessels, histopathological TNM stage, and SHBG as a prognostic factors was studied to determine their discriminatory powers in predicting cancer recurrence by the type II quantification theory using a computer. We followed up 98 breast cancer patients with 23 recurrent cancers from 3-9 years; the followup period in cases with no recurrence was 10 years after mastectomy. Our study showed that the discriminatory power of those prognostic factors in predicting recurrence were ly (0.44108) greater than histopathological TNM stage (0.39719) greater than menopausal status (0.35701) greater than v (0.30513) greater than level of invasion of primary tumor (0.26072) greater than histological type (0.24311) greater than age (0.23369). The discriminatory rate of these 7 parameters in predicting recurrence was 82.609%. SHBG, which shows hormone dependence of breast cancer, had low discriminatory power.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Plasma sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and obesity in breast cancer patients.

The important finding was that sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) binds 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) with more efficacy than 17 beta-estradiol in patients with breast cancer and that SHBG binds it with less efficacy than 17 beta-estradiol in normal women. An unexpected finding was that there was no correlation between SHBG-binding capacity for 17 beta-estradiol and that for DHT of the same plasma. On the basis of these findings, we confirmed that SHBG-binding capacity for 17 beta-estradiol was a useful predictive index of hormone dependence of human breast cancer. We studied the correlation between SHBG-binding capacity for 17 beta-estradiol and Kaup Index as an index of obesity to examine the interaction between obesity and carcinogenesis of hormone-dependent breast cancer. Significant positive correlation between SHBG-binding capacity for 17 beta-estradiol and Kaup Index was achieved in premenopausal patients. Our results indicate that obesity is an important risk factor for carcinogenesis of hormone-dependent breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Survival and factors related to the survival of recurrent breast cancer patients--a study with quantification theory].

Survival and factors related to survival were determined, using quantification theory, in 41 patients with recurrent breast cancer treated by a multidisciplinary approach. Average survival was 33 +/- 22 months (average +/- standard deviation), 50% survival was 32 months and 49% survived for more than 36 months. The important survival factors were the histological stage and effective therapy. First recurrence sites, menopausal status, number of organs involved in cancer recurrence and histologic type were not important factors to the survival. Using these 6 factors, we can distinguish the long survival group from the short survival group with 75% accuracy. The cumulative correlation ratio was 0.764.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Immunological activities of Capnocytophaga cellular components.

Whole cells of a clinical isolate (strain S-3) of the genus Capnocytophaga were divided into cell envelope (CE) and cytoplasm (CP) fractions by mechanical disintegration followed by differential centrifugation, and a part of the CE fraction was further fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) treatment into the peptidoglycan and SDS-supernatant fractions. The other part of the CE was extracted with butanol-water or hot phenol-water to isolate butanol-lipopolysaccharide and phenol-lipopolysaccharide, respectively. All of the test fractions except CP exhibited multifold immunomodulating activities, namely, the adjuvant activities to cellular as well as humoral immune responses against ovalbumin in guinea pigs, the mitogenicity on splenocytes of guinea pigs and BALB/c mice (but not on their thymocytes), the stimulation of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages (in terms of increased glucosamine uptake), and the activation of the human complement system through alternative as well as classical pathways. In addition, the test fractions other than the CP evoked dermatoxic reactions on rabbit skin with characteristic variations among them. The immunomodulating activities of SDS-supernatant were noteworthy in view of the fact that this fraction was essentially free of muramic acid and diaminopimelic acid and did not cause the gelation of horseshoe crab amoebocyte lysate except when it was used at the very high dose, suggesting that there was practically no contamination by peptidoglycans and lipopolysaccharides in the SDS-supernatant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Isolation and partial characterization of a genus common antigen and species specific antigen of Capnocytophaga.

Sixteen strains of Capnocytophaga were isolated from the pocket of a localized juvenile periodontitis patient. These strains were divided into four groups on the basis of morphological and physiological traits. Strains from group I and group III were identified as C. ochracea and group II as C. sputigena. An antigen common to genus Capnocytophaga was purified utilizing immunoabsorbent chromatography from lysates obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment of C. ochracea strain S1. An antigen specific to C. ochracea was prepared by sequential gel filtration and preparative isoelectric focusing. The genus common and species specific antigens isolated were immunologically unique and pure when tested by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion against rabbit antisera prepared to Capnocytophaga and other gram-negative rods. The genus common antigen was susceptible to trypsin and pronase digestion, was soluble in chloroform-methanol, but was unaltered by ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease treatments and periodate oxidation. Antigenicity of the species specific antigen was destroyed by periodate oxidation. The genus common antigen appeared to be lipid-associated protein, while the species specific antigen consisted mainly of carbohydrate. These specific immunological reagents would be valuable in diagnosing and monitoring diseases.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Eubacterium saburreum and Veillonella parvula: a symbiotic association or oral strains.

A cocci-filament association was discovered in bacterial cultural studies of a subgingival plaque sample. Components were isolated and identified as Veillonella parvula and Eubacterium saburreum. A E. saburreum cell-associated material consisting of approximately 25% glucose and 70% protein was found which may play a role in the adherence of V. parvula to this filament. Acid end product analysis via gas liquid chromatography showed an uptake of lactic and succinic acids by V. parvula resulting in increased levels of acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids in mixed culture of the E. saburreum and the V. parvula strains. The ability of E. saburreum to adhere to nichrome wire and to glass surfaces as well as the secondary plaque forming ability of V. parvula indicates that these organisms may play a role in the maturation of human dental plaque.

Dental Plaque↗
PubMed1981

Effect of cellular reaction in gastric cancer tissue and in regional lymph nodes on the mitotic activity of cancer cells.

An in vivo stathmokinetic technique was used to analyze the mitotic activity of cancer cells from 47 gastric cancer patients. The effect of cellular reaction in cancer tissues and regional lymph nodes on the mitotic activity of cancer cells was examined. Based on the main kind of infiltrating cells in cancer tissues, the cellular reaction was classified into agranulocyte (lymphoid leukocyte) type and granulocyte type. Agranulocyte type was found in 40 cases. The mitotic activity of cancer cells was examined in relation to the degree of agranulocyte infiltration: the average mitotic index in cancer cells 16 hr aft a single dose (0.02 mg/kg body weight) of vincristine sulfate was 91.5% in 22 cases of trace and slight infiltration, 81.3% in 12 cases of moderate infiltration and 53.2% in 6 cases of marked infiltration. The 3 values of mitotic index were significantly different from one another. The relationship between the average mitotic index of cancer cells in primary cancer lesions and the 4 groups of regional lymph node reaction was examined. However, statistically significant results were not obtained. These results suggest that the infiltration of agranulocytes in cancer tissues affects the mitotic activity of cancer cells, and that moderate and marked degrees of infiltration suppress the mitotic activity. It was also suggested that the reaction of regional lymph nodes does not affect the mitotic activity of cancer cells in primary cancer lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗