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Biomedical subjects

Y Misawa

Publications and source records attributed to Y Misawa.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Two cases of Marfan syndrome, surgically treated for complicating spontaneous pneumothorax].

Two cases of spontaneous pneumothorax in the patients of Marfan Syndrome were reported. Nine and 13-year-old girls were admitted to our hospital complaining of chest pain and dyspnea for the first time. Tension pneumothorax was confirmed by the chest radiograph. Both of them had the physical stigmata of Marfan Syndrome including cardiovascular abnormalities. The drainage tube was inserted into the thoracic cavity. As the drainage was ineffective, the surgical treatment was undertaken. The thoracic cavity was opened though axillary incision and bullae were resected. The patient of pneumothorax with the Marfan Syndrome should be examined preoperatively about cardiovascular abnormality using chest computed tomography and echocardiography. As far as the surgical intervention was concerned, the axillary approach is preferred to the median sternotomy, as such patient highly probably require cardiovascular operation in future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Management of infective endocarditis].

Clinical manifestations and the results of management of infective endocarditis were reported. Of 46 patients, 17 cases received medical treatment alone (group A), and 29 cases underwent surgical interventions (group B). Affected valves were aortic in 29, and mitral in 24. In group B, however, infection occurred on the aortic valve in 22, and on the mitral valve in 11. Aortic valve was more often affected in group B than in group A (p less than 0.05). Embolic complications were observed in 5 of group A, 4 of whom had involvement of cerebral vessels, and in 4 of group B, all of whom had cerebral emboli. Of 8 cerebral embolic episodes, 6 emboli originated from mitral valvular lesions. In group A, 6 (35.3%) died of cerebral accidents or acute heart failure within 30 days after the onset of illness. In group B, 20 cases were operated on at chronic stage, and 9 cases underwent operation at active stage. Various procedures, alleged to be the most favorable, were selected to the individual patient. No mortality was found in the former group, but one patient (11.1%) in the latter group died of multiple organ failure 31 days after surgery. All patients, who were operated on at active stage, received intravenous administration of antibiotics for 6 to 8 weeks after the operation. Comparing the actuarial survival rate of group A and group B, group B was superior to group A for initial 4 years, but no significant difference was discernible thereafter.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1991

Possible involvement of lignin structure in anti-influenza virus activity.

Commercial lignins suppressed the growth of influenza A virus infecting MDCK cells, and the RNA-dependent RNA synthesis, as efficiently as the high-molecular weight fractions extracted from pine cone of Pinus parviflora Sieb. et Zucc. The anti-influenza A virus activity of both pine cone extract and commercial alkali-lignin was considerably reduced by treatment with sodium chlorite, but was not affected by sulfuric acid or trifluoroacetic acid. The degraded components of lignin, various synthesized polyphenols unrelated to lignin, and natural and chemically modified glucans, were not appreciably inhibitory. The data suggest that the polymerized phenolic structure of lignified materials is responsible for the anti-influenza A virus activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Unregulated expression of the erythropoietin receptor gene caused by insertion of spleen focus-forming virus long terminal repeat in a murine erythroleukemia cell line.

A murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cell line, F5-5, expressed 10,000 binding sites for erythropoietin (EPO) per cell, 10-fold more than was expressed by other murine erythroleukemia cell lines and normal erythroid progenitors. Northern (RNA) and Southern blot analyses revealed overexpression of mRNA for the EPO receptor (EPOR) and rearrangement of one of the EPOR gene alleles in F5-5 cells, respectively. Molecular cloning of F5-5-derived cDNA encoding EPOR revealed that the 5' noncoding region of the EPOR cDNA corresponds to the 3' long terminal repeat sequence of the polycythemic strain of Friend spleen focus-forming virus (F-SFFVP). The aberrant EPOR transcripts containing the 3' long terminal repeat sequence were mainly expressed in F5-5 cells. The same integration upstream of the EPOR gene was also observed in other subclones and the parent cell line. It is possible that overexpression of EPOR by viral promoter insertion will confer growth advantage to an F-SFFVP-infected erythroid progenitor cell, leading to positive clonal selection through further leukemogenic steps.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Two cases of dissecting aortic aneurysm associated with the right-sided aortic arch].

Two cases of dissecting aortic aneurysm with the right-sided aortic arch were reported. Aortography and chest CT demonstrated DeBakey IIIb dissecting aortic aneurysm in association with the right aortic arch and aberrant left subclavian artery arising from the diverticulum of Kommerell in two cases. In the first patient, a 47-year-old male, the intimal tear was repaired with patch grafting under the femoro-femoral bypass using centrifugal pump. Although the dissected lumen was completely closed with thrombus, paraplegia occurred and its recovery was unsatisfactory. In the second patient, a 53-year-old male, maintained on antihypertensive medication for one month, he expired at home 17 days after discharge. Since this type of dissecting aortic aneurysm is extremely rare, nine reported cases, including our two cases, are reviewed. Accurate diagnosis and careful surgical treatments of this disease are mandatory to obtain the satisfactory outcome.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical experience with omniscience and omnicarbon prosthetic heart valves].

Omniscience valves were implanted in sixty-two patients. Twenty-eight of these patients underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR), 15 had mitral valve replacement (MVR) and 8 had aortic and mitral valve replacement (DVR). Post-operative events occurred in nine (5.9%/patient year) of the AVR group, in three (1.7%/patient year) of the MVR group and in three (5.4%/patient year) of the DVR group. The actuarial freedom from all events at five years in the AVR, MVR and DVR was 74 +/- 8%, 88 +/- 6%, 67 +/- 16%, respectively. Cardiac death occurred in four (2.5%/patient year) of the AVR, one (0.6%/patient year) of the MVR and two (3.6%/patient year) of the DVR. The freedom at five years in the AVR, MVR and DVR was 88 +/- 6%, 96 +/- 4%, and 77 +/- 14%, respectively. Valve-related complications were noted in four patients. Post-operative cerebral hemorrhage was seen in three of the AVR. Maximum opening angle of the Omniscience valve was 39.1 +/- 4.5 degrees at the aortic position and 44.6 +/- 9.7 degrees at the mitral position. Omnicarbon valves implanted in ninety-five patients, fifty-eight of these patients underwent AVR, 24 had MVR and 13 had DVR. Events occurred post-operatively in four (2.6%/patient year) of the AVR group, in three (12.2%/patient year) of the MVR group, but in none of the DVR group. The freedom at five years was 89 +/- 6% in the AVR and 84 +/- 8% at three years in the MVR. Post-operative cardiac death occurred in one (0.7%/patient year) of the AVR and in two (8.1%/patient year) of the MVR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment and their long-term results of the ascending aortic lesions involving coronary arteries].

Seventeen patients underwent surgical treatment of the ascending aorta, aortic valve, and coronary artery as well. Diagnosis of 13 patients were annulo-aortic ectasia, 3 had dissecting aneurysm (type I: 2, type II: 1), and one had supra-valvular aortic stenosis. In annulo-aortic ectasia, Bentall's method was carried out in 11 cases, and Cabrol's operation was performed in 3, one of the latter group had received Bentall's procedure 4 years prior to the second operation. One patient died of acute myocardial infarction 3 days following operation, who had severe stenosis of the left anterior descending artery not detected by preoperative angiography. During long-term follow up, 2 patients died of cardiac failure. Three patients had dissection of the ascending aorta and coronary artery (right coronary artery: 2, left coronary artery: 1). The aorta was reconstructed, aortic valve was replaced, and coronary artery was revascularized with saphenous vein graft. They have been alive and well up to post operative 6 years. Right coronary ostioplasty as well as aortic valve replacement and extended aortoplasty were attempted in one patient with Williams' syndrome. This patient had been well until sudden death which occured 11 months after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A severe respiratory distress in a new born infant with double aortic arch without cardiac anomalies].

A 39-day-old girl underwent operation for double aortic arch. She required endotracheal intubation at 23-day-old because of severe respiratory distress. Echocardiography, esophagography and angiocardiography revealed double aortic arch without other cardiac anomalies. At the operation the lesser arch and ductus arteriosus were divided. Soon after the operation her respiratory distress disappeared and fiberbronchoscopic examination showed rapid recovery of the deformed trachea.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 administration during cardiac surgery].

Twenty patients, subjected to open heart surgery using standard moderate hypothermic and nonpulsatile extracorporeal circulation (ECC), were divided into two groups. In the control group only nitroglycerin was administered for the control of peripheral arterial blood pressure during ECC. In the PGE1 group, prostaglandin E1 (10 ng/kg/min) and nitroglycerin were used simultaneously. Plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin I (A I) and II (A II), aldosterone (Ald), epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) were increased to equal levels in both groups. PRA, A I, A II, and Ald increased five-fold from the initial value during ECC, while E and NE increased twenty-fold. Total peripheral vascular resistance was high in both groups, but the deviation from the normal level was significantly lower in the PGE1 group. Oxygen consumption during ECC revealed similar patterns of change in both groups. Peripheral arterial blood pressure was more easily controlled at acceptable levels in the PGE1 group. We concluded that the administration of both nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 may sustain satisfactory peripheral circulation during ECC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Serial assessment of left ventricular function after valve replacement for isolated aortic regurgitation].

Between 1978 and 1990, serial echocardiographic studies were performed on consecutive twenty-five patients of isolated aortic regurgitation (AR) before and after aortic valve replacement (AVR). The mean follow up period was 55 +/- 30 months. The serial changes in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd), left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVDs), fractional shortening (FS), and ejection fraction (EF) were assessed. According to preoperative echocardiographic studies, 25 patients were divided into two groups: Group I with LVDs greater than 50 mm and FS less than 25%, Group II with LVDs less than or equal to 50 mm and/or FS greater than or equal to 25%. One year after AVR, echocardiographic studies revealed normalization of LVDd and LVDs in Group II, and persistent left ventricular enlargement with lower FS and EF levels in Group I. However three years after AVR, LVDd, LVDs, and FS and EF of Group I returned to normal levels. It was concluded that in order to normalize the left ventricular function in isolated AR patients, those who had LVDs greater than 50 mm and FS less than 25% required three years after AVR, those patients who had LVDs less than or equal to 50 mm and/or FS greater than or equal to 25%, required only one year after AVR.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Isolation of genes highly expressed in early and late stages of Friend virus-induced erythroleukemia in mice.

We isolated two genes that are highly expressed in Friend erythroleukemia. The first one, expressed at an extremely high level in a late-stage tumorigenic cell line F5-5, was found to be a species of intracisternal A-particle. Most of those genomes in F5-5 DNA were not amplified nor rearranged compared with those in the normal cell DNA, suggesting transcriptional activation. Another late-stage cell line T3K showed similar results. The second gene, highly expressed in early-stage cells but weaker in late-stage cells, was identified as one of the heme-synthesizing enzymes, uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. Usefulness of these two genes for the analysis of erythroid transformation and differentiation will be discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chemical modification of erythromycins. II. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of O-alkyl derivatives of erythromycin A.

A series of O-alkyl erythromycin A derivatives have been synthesized and their antibacterial activities compared with those of erythromycin A (1) and 6-O-methylerythromycin A (3). Methylation of the hydroxyl groups of erythromycin A analogue proceeded stepwise by the two main pathways beginning at the C-6 and C-11 positions, individually. O-Alkylation, other than methylation, took place at the C-11 hydroxyl group exclusively. Among O-alkyl derivatives, 6,12-di-O-methylerythromycin A (5) showed comparable in vitro antibacterial activity to those of 1 and 3. 11-O-Methylerythromycin A (8) was slightly less active than 1. O-Methylation at the C-4" position resulted in a decrease of antibacterial activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Chemical modification of erythromycins. III. In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of new semisynthetic 6-O-methylerythromycins A, TE-031 (clarithromycin) and TE-032.

The in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of 6-O-methylerythromycin A (TE-031, A-56268, or clarithromycin) and 6,11-di-O-methylerythromycin A (TE-032) have been compared with those of erythromycin A (EM) and josamycin (JM). TE-031 and TE-032, having the same antibacterial spectra as EM, are active against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria, some Gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, L-form bacteria and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The activity of TE-031 against clinical isolates is equal to or two times more potent than that of EM, whereas TE-032 is slightly less active than EM. The activities of TE-031 and TE-032 are pH dependent (more active at pH 8 than at 5) and are increased by adding serum to medium. TE-031 and TE-032 show dose-related bactericidal activities against Haemophilus influenzae. The therapeutic efficacies of TE-031 and TE-032 against systemic and subcutaneous infections provoked by Gram-positive bacteria in mice are 4- to 35-fold superior to those of EM and JM. TE-031 and TE-032 have demonstrated higher and longer-lasting plasma levels than EM when administered orally to mice, rats or dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis after cardiopulmonary bypass].

One hundred and eight patients who required transfusion during and after cardiopulmonary bypass, and were followed for more than three months postoperatively. Non-A, non-B posttransfusion hepatitis (NANB-PTH) occurred in 19 patients (17.6%) between three and twelve weeks after the operation. The patients who developed NANB-PTH had received a large amount of blood transfusion than those who had not (24 +/- 12 Units versus 16 +/- 10 Units, p less than 0.05). The mean age of the former was 48 +/- 18 year-old and that of the latter was 33 +/- 24 year-old (p less than 0.05). The difference of the cardiopulmonary bypass time between them was not significant. The mean age and number of transfused blood units between the male and female patients were statistically not significant. However the incidence of NANB-PTH in male (13 of 54 patients, 24.1%) was higher than that (5 of 54 patients, 9.3%) in female (p less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[An operated case of supravalvular aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation and narrowed right coronary ostium].

A 38-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of a heart murmur and mild fever. Physical examination disclosed a systolic murmur of grade 3/6 at the apex and a diastolic murmur of grade 4/6 at the 2nd intercostal space of the left sternal border. The chest radiograph revealed mild cardiomegaly. The ECG showed left ventricular hypertrophy and ST segment depression in leads I, aVL and V4 to V6. Aortogram demonstrated supravalvular aortic stenosis (SAS) and aortic regurgitation. At the operation, we found the right coronary ostium was severely narrowed by the thickened right coronary cusp and the fibrous ring causing SAS. Aortic valve replacement and extended aortoplasty were performed. He had been doing well but suddenly died 11 months after the operation.

Adult↗