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Biomedical subjects

Y Minamishima

Publications and source records attributed to Y Minamishima.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Induction of intestinal mastocytosis in nude mice by repeated injection of interleukin-3.

The number of mast cells in various tissues of nude mice was examined after daily injection of Interleukin-3 (IL-3), which was purified from the media conditioned by WEHI-3B cell line. Repeated intraperitoneal injection of IL-3 caused a significant increase in the number of mucosal mast cells (MMC) in the epithelium of small intestine more than 30-fold and also to a lesser extent in the villous lamina propria of small intestine and caecum. The number of mast cells in the spleen, approximately 60% of which were formalin-resistant and were assumed as connective tissue type mast cells (CTMC), increased 3-fold by IL-3 treatment. Although statistically not significant, the number of mast cells in the ear skin also slightly increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Cytomegalovirus infections in adult T-cell leukemia patients.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection frequently occurred in patients with malignant lymphoma of T-cell origin, especially with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). This was evidenced by histopathological examination at autopsy, isolation of CMV, and detection of CMV antibodies that indicate recent or active infection. Cellular immune response was suppressed in most ATL patients when examined by skin hypersensitivity reaction to purified protein derivatives (PPD), streptococcal antigens (SuPs), and phytohaemoagglutinin (PHA). None of the CMV-positive patients reacted to them. Thus, the presence of tumor cells of T-cell origin and the absence of skin hypersensitivity reaction seem to be risk factors for CMV infection. Each CMV isolate exhibited unique DNA fingerprints, suggesting that cross-infection of CMV did not occur among the ATL patients on the same ward.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Removal of nonspecific hemagglutination inhibitors, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin A with streptococcal cells and its application to the rubella hemagglutination inhibition test.

A streptococcus, AW 43 strain, was found to bind nonspecific serum inhibitors of rubella virus hemagglutination (HA). This was demonstrated by titration of nonspecific HA inhibitors and by immunoelectrophoresis. Absorption of sera with the mixture of AW 43 cells, which bind IgA in addition to nonspecific HA inhibitors, and AR 1 cells, another strain of streptococci which bind IgG, removed nonspecific HA inhibitors, IgG, and IgA simultaneously, leaving behind IgM and a trace of IgA. Pretreatment of sera with those streptococcal cells prior to the rubella hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test enabled to circumvent kaolin treatment of sera, which partially removes IgM antibodies, and to determine exclusively the early-appearing antibodies. The rise and fall of the HI antibodies thus determined correlated well with that of the IgM antibodies determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Thus, this modified rubella HI test may be useful for serodiagnosis of recent rubella virus infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing human cytomegalovirus.

Hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against human cytomegalovirus (CMV) were generated by fusion of human spleen cells and mouse myeloma cells. Two of the six MAbs obtained neutralized viral infectivity even at concentrations lower than 1 microgram/ml. One MAb required complement for neutralization but the other did not. Both MAbs recognized viral proteins of Mr 130,000 and 55,000. Furthermore, these neutralizing MAbs bound to the surface membrane of CMV-infected cells. These results suggest that human MAbs may provide a new means of passive immunization against CMV infection in humans.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

The efficacy of biological response modifiers against murine cytomegalovirus infection in normal and immunodeficient mice.

The host-mediated antiviral effect of two biological response modifiers (BRM), OK-432 and PS-K, against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) was evaluated in normal and immunologically deficient mice of the same litters. In normal littermate mice, BALB/c (nu/+) or C57BL/6 (bg/+), the BRM-induced resistance against MCMV infection was evidenced by increase in fifty percent lethal doses, decrease in titers of viruses replicated in the target organs and augmentation of natural killer (NK) cell activity of the spleen cells. In T cell-deficient, athymic nude mice, BALB/c (nu/nu), the protective effect was manifested by prolongation of the survival, decrease in the virus titers, and increase in the NK-cell activity, but without decrease in mortality. In NK cell-deficient, beige mutant mice, C57BL/6 (bg/bg), the BRM-induced protection was nullified or minimized, and there was little difference in those parameters between BRM-treated and untreated mice. However, with higher doses of OK-432, but not PS-K, or with sublethal doses of MCMV, the NK cell activity was slightly augmented in the beige mutant mice. Thus both NK cell and T cell activity are essential for mice to overcome acute MCMV infection and it is likely that the protective effect of BRM manifests itself fully, at least in immunologically intact mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

The effect of biological response modifiers on chronic and latent murine cytomegalovirus infections.

Host-mediated antiviral effect of 2 biological response modifiers (BRM), OK-432, and PS-K, against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) was evaluated in chronically or latently infected mice. In the early stage of chronic MCMV infection, the BRM-induced resistance was evidenced by decrease in infectious viruses replicated in the salivary glands and by augmented cytotoxic activity of the spleen cells against YAC-1 cells and MCMV-infected mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF). In the late stage of chronic MCMV infection, the BRM treatment did not eliminate MCMV from the mice, but did prevent exacerbation of MCMV infection in the salivary glands induced by administration of cyclophosphamide (CY). In mice latently infected by MCMV, BRM treatment suppressed CY-induced reactivation of MCMV in the salivary glands. It was suggested that the antiviral effect of BRM against MCMV in chronically or latently infected mice was based on activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Application of a new medium supplement for propagation and storage of human cytomegalovirus.

A new medium supplement, NU-SERUM, was evaluated for cultivation of human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL) and for propagation and storage of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). NU-SERUM was comparable to fetal bovine serum (FBS) in promoting rapid growth of HEL if they were seeded at a sufficient density. HCMV replicated quite satisfactorily in HEL cultured with media supplemented with NU-SERUM as well as FBS. Inactivation of HCMV at 37 C occurred similarly when the medium contained FBS or NU-SERUM. However, at -70 C, HCMV was less stable in NU-SERUM-containing medium than in FBS-containing medium. Sorbitol added to the NU-SERUM-containing medium improved the unstableness of HCMV at -70 C, and HCMV was storable with such medium. Thus, NU-SERUM is useful as an alternative to FBS not only for growth of HEL but also for propagation and storage of HCMV.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Detection of early hemagglutination inhibitory antibodies to rubella virus by pretreatment of sera with streptococcal cells.

A technique that is based on absorption of sera with streptococcal cells and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) was evaluated for its feasibility for serologic diagnosis of recent rubella. The mixture of AR1 and AW43 cells removes IgG and IgA from the kaolin-treated sera, leaving IgM and a trace of IgA, probably oligomeric IgA. Consequently, after the absorption with streptococci, the HI antibodies are detectable exclusively in the early sera of patients with rubella. The streptococci (AR1 and AW43) have several advantages as the absorbent over the staphylococcus (Cowan I) that has been used routinely.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Kaposi's sarcoma in a Korean living in Japan. Review of cases reported in Japanese literature.

An 87-year-old male Korean living in Japan had the typical classic lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma on the extremities. Numerous red-purple nodules and plaques were observed on the edematous forearms and lower extremities. Histologic examination revealed an extensive proliferation of spindle cells and large endothelial cells, which were both positive for factor VIII-related antigens. The patient's sera were positive for IgG antibodies to late antigens of cytomegalovirus and negative for IgM antibodies to late antigens of cytomegalovirus and for IgG antibodies to early antigens of cytomegalovirus. Cytomegalovirus-related antigens were detected in the nucleus or cytoplasm of cells in the biopsy specimens by the anticomplement immunofluorescence (ACIF) test. These results suggest that cytomegalovirus infection might play a role in the development of Kaposi's sarcoma, though it is premature to draw any definite conclusion in this connection. In addition, the characteristics of histologic and clinical findings of Kaposi's sarcoma cases reported in the Japanese literature have been discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

The role of NK cell activity in age-dependent resistance of mice to murine cytomegalovirus infection.

The resistance of mice to cell culture passaged murine cytomegalovirus (CC-MCMV) infection developed with age. In parallel with this finding, augmentation of the splenic NK cell activity in older mice was always higher than that of younger mice. The splenic NK cell activity reached the maximum level at 6 day post infection (PI) in 2-4-week-old mice while in 6-8-week-old mice it peaked at 4 days PI. When the dose of CC-MCMV was increased, the NK cell activity was potentiated accordingly. However, it was decreased on the infection with increased doses of the salivary gland passaged MCMV (SG-MCMV). NK cells augmented by MCMV infection actually inhibited in vitro replication of MCMV when they were added to mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) monolayers infected with CC-MCMV. Splenic and peritoneal macrophages inhibited in vitro replication of MCMV, but their activities were less potent than those of NK cells.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. A case report with special reference to SV40 etiology.

Clinical, light- and electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings of a 44-year-old woman with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy were presented. Autopsy revealed a wide distribution of the demyelinating lesion in the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord, and intranuclear inclusion bodies and papova-like virions in transmission electron microscopy in the nuclei of oligodendrocytes. SV40 antigen was immunohistochemically detected in these inclusion bodies. The widespread extension of the lesions seemed to correlate with the duration of the patient's illness. The prolongation of the clinical course in this case may be dependent upon the lack of serious underlying diseases except for a small nodule of thyroid carcinoma, SV40 infection rather than JC virus infection and/or improved care of that kind of patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Application of "Hirt supernatant" DNA to the molecular epidemiology of cytomegalovirus infections.

Human cytomegalovirus DNA was isolated from infected cells by the Hirt method (B. Hirt, J. Mol. Biol. 26:365-369, 1967). The restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of DNA obtained in this manner were comparable with those of DNA extracted from purified virions. The "Hirt supernatants" were satisfactory for identifying individual cytomegalovirus strains by their DNA fingerprinting.

Cytomegalovirus↗
PubMed1984

Protective effect of biological response modifiers on murine cytomegalovirus infection.

Pretreatment with two biological response modifiers (BRM), OK-432 and PS-K, protected mice from lethal infection by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV). This was evidenced by an increase in 50% lethal doses and a decrease in titers of infectious viruses replicated in the liver and spleen. Spleen cells from the BRM-treated mice augmented the natural killer (NK) cell activity and suppressed the replication of MCMV in vitro. During MCMV infection, the NK cell activity of the spleen cells was maintained at a high level in the BRM-treated mice, whereas it was severely impaired in untreated mice. The BRM-induced protection was nullified by concomitant administration of antiasialo GM1 antibody. Interferon was neither induced by BRM treatment nor enhanced in BRM-pretreated and MCMV-infected mice. Thus, the protective effect of OK-432 and PS-K seems to be based on activation of NK cells and prevention of MCMV-induced inhibition of the NK cell activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Pathogenicity and immunogenicity of temperature-sensitive mutants of murine cytomegalovirus.

Two temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants (ts 21 and ts 24), which could complement each other, were isolated from cell culture-passaged murine cytomegalovirus (CC-MCMV). Characterization in vivo revealed that ts 21 lacked pathogenicity for suckling mice, neurovirulence for weanling mice and productive chronic infection in the salivary gland, whereas ts 24 was positive only for the first two parameters; both mutants retained immunogenicity comparable to that of the wild-type CC-MCMV. The immunogenicity of ts 21 and ts 24 was assessed by mortality of the immunized mice after challenge with virulent, salivary gland-passaged MCMV (SG-MCMV) and by replication of the challenge virus in the immunized hosts. The protective immunity conferred by ts 21 was maintained over a period of 3 months without production of infectious viruses in the salivary gland.

Animals↗