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Biomedical subjects

Y Ling

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ling.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Treating tuberculous pleurisy with effusion by artificial pneumothorax.

The efficacy of artificial pneumothorax therapy was evaluated in subjects with tuberculous pleurisy with effusion. The patients (57 cases) were divided into two groups at random: 30 cases in the control group and 27 cases in the group under treatment. They were all given standard treatment with antituberculous drugs drawing liquid accumulated and injecting antituberculous drugs and corticosteroids into their intrapleural cavity. In addition, the treating group received artificial pneumothorax to enhance the treatment efficacy. The frequency and amount of liquid drawn in the treating group were obviously less than those in the control group. Time necessary to draw all the liquid was substantially shortened in the former case with a higher degree of efficiency (92.59%) than that of the latter (83.33%). We also found that the artificial pneumothorax could raise the intrapleural pressure of 2 to 4 cm H2O, reduce leakage in parietal pleura and evidently increase the absorption in visceral pleura. The results suggest that artificial pneumothorax can reduce the liquid leakage and accelerate absorption of the liquid in thorax. As the two layers of pleura can be isolated by the air in thorax, the occurrence rate of pleural adhesion can be cut down. Hence, it is an effective assistant therapy for tuberculous pleurisy with effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Anatomical observation on the external nasal arteries].

An anatomical study of the arteries of the external nose was undertaken in 16 adult cadavers. These arteries included dorsal nasal artery, the lateral nasal artery, the naso-alar artery, the lower naso-alar marginal artery and the nasoseptal artery, etc. Eighty-five percent of them was branches of the facial artery. The results showed that the external nasal arteries distributed around the nostril in a small and a large circle, which suggested that there may be a two-way blood supply on the nasal tip and the columella. The circulation of the internal and external carotid artery may join on the nasal tip where the blood supplies still remain even after bilateral carotid arteries are ligated. The names of the branches and their features are discussed in the paper.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Reduction mammaplasty using glandular pedicle].

A new technique for reduction mammaplasty with a glandular pedicle was designed based on the anatomical study of the vascular supply to the breast. The features of the procedure include using a pyramidal glandular pedicle that is reliably vascularized and definitely placed, maintaining a thin layer of parenchyme attached to the flap and the modified invert "T" closure. Clinical applications provided aesthetic and safe results of reliable nipple-areola survival, simplicity in breast mound creature and preservation of nipple sensitivity and the possibility of nursing function as well as less complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Qualitative observation and quantitative survey on the vasculature of the lateral thoracic region].

Since 1988, we had studied blood vessels on the lateral thoracic region in 21 patients using ultrasound Doppler flowmeter preoperatively, collaborating with operative observation, to measure the length, caliber and rate of existence of 3 main vascular systems. Our study attempted both to ascertain various regular patterns of vasculature, and to provide anatomical data for the choice of proper sites of pedicles of lateral thoracic flap. Our findings showed that the subscapular-thoracodorsal vascular system was the most constant among the 3 systems. Its average length was 15.43 +/- 0.504 cm, average diameter at its origin was 1.58 +/- 0.122 mm. The thoracoepigastric vein as a venous return system could be chosen first. We concluded that this method was a handy, practical and dependable way to determine the vascularity of lateral thoracic flaps.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1995

[Anatomic structure of the soft tissue of nasal dorsum and its applications in augmentation rhinoplasty].

The nasalis--procerus aponeurosis and its clinical applications in augmentation rhinoplasty were described in this paper. According to our experience, the silicone frame can be put in three anatomical layers of the nasal dorsum for augmentation. The paper showed the manipulating points and problems of the operations done through various anatomical layer, and also pointed out that good results can be obtained with the silicone frame being put on or beneath the nasalis--procerus aponeurosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Anatomical and histological observation on soft tissue of nasal dorsum and the nasalis-procerus aponeurosis].

26 nasal specimens of cadavers were studied with anatomical and histological methods. Two layers of collagen fibre arranged in different pattern were found beneath the nasalis transversus and procerus. The superficial layer of compact collagen fibres directly attached to and wraped up nasalis transversus and procerus, and it was named the nasalis-procerus aponeurosis; the deep layer of relatively flexible collagen fibres was loose subaponeuratic tissue. The study showed that soft tissue of nasal dorsum could be divided into four layers; skin, superficial fascia, skeletal muscle and aponeurosis, and loose subaponeurotic tissue. This result provides scientific basis for proper design of rhinoplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The lateral thoracic free flap in facio-cervical reconstruction].

We have applied the lateral thoracic free flap in 16 patients with face and/or neck defects during the past three years. 13 flaps survived completely and 3 flaps failed which was substituted with skin grafting. The lateral thoracic free flap possesses many supplying vessels and its advantages include big size, hairless skin with well matched color and texture and inconspicuous donor site that can be closed directly. The technique of hemodilution and microvascular anastomotic apparatus are introduced. The indications of the flap and the limitation of its size are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A molecular and carbon isotopic study towards the origin and diagenetic fate of diaromatic carotenoids.

Pyrolysates of high-molecular-weight sedimentary fractions of the Duvernay Formation (Western Canada Basin) are dominated by 1,2,3,4- and 1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene, which, generated via beta-cleavage, indicate the presence of diaromatic carotenoids in the macromolecular aggregates. This was substantiated by desulphurization of sulphur-rich aggregates of the polar fraction, which released (partly) hydrogenated carotenoids. Furthermore, these components were important constituents of the aromatic hydrocarbon fractions and related oils. Apart from renieratane and isorenieratane, 1H NMR analysis established the aromatic substitution pattern of the most abundant component present, which was identified as a diaromatic compound with an unprecedented 2,3,6-/3,4,5-trimethyl aromatic substitution pattern. Molecular and isotopic analyses of both soluble and insoluble fractions of organic matter revealed relationships between diagenetically-derived carotenoids found in bitumen and related oils and their precursors incorporated into high-molecular-weight fractions. Aryl isoprenoids, important components in extracts and oils, were apparently derived from thermal cracking of bound diaromatic carotenoids rather than cleavage of free carotenoids as previously suggested. Furthermore, products derived from diaromatic carotenoids were substantially enriched in 13C relative to n-alkanes of algal origin. Together with the characteristic carotenoids, this isotopic enrichment provides evidence of significant contributions from photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae), which fix carbon via the reversed tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. In spite of the prominence of these molecular signals, the overall isotopic composition of the organic matter indicated that only a very small portion of the preserved organic carbon was derived from the biomass of photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria.

Canada↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis of 20-hydroxy-, 20-amino-, and 20-nitro-14-hydroxy-21-nor-5 beta,14 beta-pregnane C-3 glycosides and related derivatives: structure-activity relationships of pregnanes that bind to the digitalis receptor.

The preparation of derivatives of 14-hydroxy-21-nor-5 beta,14 beta-pregnane and 5 beta,14 beta-pregnane C-3 alpha-L-rhamnosides and tris-beta-D-digitoxosides is described. These derivatives, possessing a C-17 beta COCH2OH, CH2OH, CO2H, CO2Me, CH2NH2, or CH2NO2 group, bind to the digitalis receptor recognition site of heart muscle as measured in a radioligand binding assay. The 21-norpregnane derivatives consistently show greater binding affinity than the corresponding 20 alpha- and 20 beta-pregnane analogs. The C-20 nitro rhamnoside is comparable to digitoxin in binding affinity. The 17 beta-CH2NO2 group is the most effective replacement for the unsaturated lactone in the binding assay found so far, showing binding affinity comparable to that of the cardiac glycosides.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1993

Rapid in situ hybridization for the diagnosis of latent Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with a variety of malignancies. Rapid in situ hybridization techniques have been described for various lytic viral infections because of limited gene expression. However, EBERS (Epstein Barr early RNAs) are expressed in abundance in tumour cells which are latently infected with EBV. We have targeted these transcripts in a rapid (3 h) in situ hybridization assay fo the detection of latent EBV in clinical specimens, including formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material. EBER RNA was detected in control cell lines which have two copies of the EBV genome and in paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens from patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, EBV-associated Hodgkin's disease, Burkitt's lymphoma and post-transplant lymphoma. The technique did not detect EBER RNA in oral hairy leukoplakia, a pathologic process previously characterized as associated with lytic EBV infection. The sensitivity, specificity and rapidity of this technique make it ideal for the diagnostic detection of EBV in latently infected clinical specimens.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed1993

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 14 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnanes: pregnanes that bind to the cardiac glycoside receptor.

5 alpha-pregnane-3 beta,14 beta,20 beta-triol 3-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (8) and 3 beta-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyloxy)-5 alpha-pregn-14-en-20-one (14) were prepared from uzarigenin by ozonolysis followed by zinc and acetic acid reduction and glycosidation. During the glycosidation reaction leading to (8) the corresponding ortho ester (9) was also obtained. Uzarigenin alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (15) also was prepared. Synthesis of 5 alpha-pregnane-3 beta,14 beta,20 beta-triol (20) is described. Structures were established by analysis of their NMR spectra. The binding affinity of 5 alpha and 5 beta cardenolide and pregnane derivatives as measured in a radioligand binding assay was determined and their structure-activity relationships compared. The receptor binding affinity of the 5 alpha derivatives is less than that of the corresponding 5 beta derivatives.

Acetates↗
PubMed1993

In situ detection of lytic Epstein-Barr virus infection: expression of the NotI early gene and viral interleukin-10 late gene in clinical specimens.

Riboprobes that detect two genes expressed only during productive infection were developed to characterize the clinical spectrum of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytic infection and identify diseases that may be responsive to antiviral drug therapy. The NotI antisense probe hybridizes to tandem repeats in the abundant early lytic cycle BHLF1 mRNA. Transcripts were detected in lytically infected cell lines, AIDS-associated oral hairy leukoplakia, bone marrow of a patient with virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, and spleen of an AIDS patient but not in EBV-positive primary central nervous system lymphomas or in circulating EBV-infected B cells from a patient with acute infectious mononucleosis. The viral (v) interleukin-10 (IL-10) probe hybridizes to the unique 5' end of the late lytic cycle BCRF1 mRNA, which encodes a protein homologous to the human cytokine IL-10. The vIL-10 probe detected transcripts in lytically infected cell lines and within the differentiated layers of oral hairy leukoplakia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Entropic analysis of biological growth models.

Using the concept of isomorphism, we provide a quantitative description of the thermodynamic characteristics of the Logistic, Bertalanffy, and Gompertz biological growth models. With the help of the entropy expressions derived from the isomorphic probabilistic models, we show that the Logistic, Bertalanffy, and Gompertz growth models have distinct thermodynamic characteristics, though they have similar sigmoid trajectories in the time domain. The entropic analysis further reveals that the Gompertz model corresponds to a completely open system, in which cells receive adequate nutrition and competition among cells can be neglected. We have also applied the present entropic analysis to the modeling of tumor growth. Our results suggest that the entropic expression provides a theoretical justification for using the Gompertz model for describing the development of tumor cell populations. The entropic analysis may play an important role in studying the mechanisms of different biological growth processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Retinal hemorrhage in newborn infants].

The fundi of the 527 infants born within one week were investigated. The results showed that 54 cases (78 eyes) had retinal hemorrhage. Among them, 23 cases (28 eyes) accompanied macular hemorrhage. The retinal hemorrhage in newborn infants was higher in vaginal delivery than in cesarean section, and the incidence of the fetal distress was higher in the newborn infants with macular hemorrhage. The essential causes of the retinal hemorrhage in newborn infants, development of infant macular and the mechanism of amblyopia induced by macular hemorrhage were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A fundus photographic method with narrow spectral band luminance.

We perfected the narrow spectral band fundus photographic system using interference filters at the wavelengths of 417, 478, 500, 530, 547, 570, 589, 607, 628 and 648 nm. Tests about the light penetration of filters and exposure of various brand films were made on this system. Studies of the contrast of fundal tissues and structures under the different narrow spectral band light were made on 43 Chinese fellow eyes. The results indicates that the interference filters of 570 nm have the highest light penetration. Kodak and Gongyuan films (make in China) are the optimal ones. Narrow spectral band fundus photography can eliminate the chromatic aberration and therefore improve the documentation of fundal details, enhance the contrast of pictures as compared with routine white light fundus photography.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1993

Polar lipids of strains of Prevotella, Bacteroides and Capnocytophaga analysed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.

The polar lipid composition of representative strains of Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella intermedia, P. melaninogenica and Capnocytophaga ochracea was determined. Samples were analysed by FAB-MS. Forty major peaks had m/z values expected for known carboxylate anions, ranging from m/z 211 (tridecenoate) to m/z 381 (pentacontanoate). A further fifty-five major peaks were studied between m/z 561 and m/z 722. Forty-five anionic phospholipids of several series were identified. The Pearson coefficient of linear correlation revealed the similarity of the P. intermedia spectra from repeat experiments (r = 0.98), as opposed to inter-species comparisons (0.55, 0.22, 0.20). Thus, FAB-MS rapidly yields data on molecular species within phospholipid families not readily obtained by other means. The data obtained may have chemotaxonomic potential.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1992

Differences in the histogenesis of EDL and diaphragm in rat.

We have examined the histogenesis of the diaphragm and extensor digitorum muscle in rat embryos, with the aim of defining differences in developmental patterns that can be related to the functional requirements of these muscles during and after development. Patterns of interactions between myotubes and other cells, and frequency of gap junctions are quite different in the two muscles. In diaphragm, primary myotubes (at day 16 in utero) are closely associated with each other, forming parallel sheets or palisades and communicating by gap junctions. Secondary myotubes have formed by day 18, but are immature, and the frequency of gap junctions is lower. The arrangement in palisades is maintained even after fibers are separated from each other by their individual basal lamina. In EDL primary fibers at day 16 have fewer gap junctions, and the peak in communication occurs after the appearance of secondary myotubes (day 18 and 21). Secondary myotubes are more mature than in diaphragm at day 18.

Animals↗