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Biomedical subjects

Y Koike

Publications and source records attributed to Y Koike.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Some perceptual dimensions and acoustical correlates of pathologic voices.

Perceptual criteria for classifying pathologic voices in comparison with normal voices were studied with the use of the semantic differential technique using 12 pairs of polar-opposite adjectives. The factors extracted from the data by means of the D-method and of the maximum likelihood method were correlated to fundamental frequency, a frequency perturbation quotient, and an amplitude perturbation quotient. The utterances produced by 9 normal and 15 pathologic subjects together with 9 synthesized vowel samples were investigated. The fisrt factor was related to evaluation of voice quality and was also closely related to the amplitude perturbation. The second and the third factors were associated with intensity and fundamental frequency of the stimuli, respectively. Some minor factors other than the three dominant factors were also supposed to be relevant to the distinction of pathologic voices.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1975

Subtotal pharyngolaryngectomy conservation surgery for carcinoma of sinus pyriformis extending toward the larynx.

In newly developed surgery for pyriform sinus tumor extending toward the larynx, the supraglottic portion of the larynx and the vertical half of the larynx on the tumor side are included in the area of resection. The arytenoid and cricoid cartilages on the tumor side and the vertical half of the hypopharyngeal wall are resected. Three out of seven patients remain cured at the end of 5 years and this ratio is the same as that for total pharyngolaryngectomy for pyriform sinus tumor. The resulting voice is somewhat hoarse, however, verbal communication is not remarkably affected. It is concluded that in surgical repair for pyriform sinus tumor extending toward the larynx, subtotal pharyngolaryngectomy is the procedure of choice to preserve the laryngeal function and anticipate reasonable prospects for a cure.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1975

Characterization of "Pasteurella" piscicida isolated from white perch and cultivated yellowtail.

The morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of twelve "Pasteurella" piscicida strains isolated from white perch and yellowtail are described and the present uncertain taxonomic status of the organisms is discussed. The organisms isolated were gram-negative rods showing bipolar staining and pleomorphism. No spores or flagella were observed. They were non motile and viscid colonies were formed. Growth was observed in a temperature range of 20 to 30 C and the salinity range of growth was between 0.5% and 4.0%. They were aerobic and facultative anaerobic. Oxidase and catalase were produced. Nitrates were not reduced to nitrites. Lysine and ornithine decarboxylases were not produced but arginine dihydrolase was produced. The egg yolk reaction was positive. Tween 80 and tributyrin were decomposed. Phosphatase was produced. Beta hemolysis was revealed on a medium containing defibrinated blood from chickens or carp but not from mammals. Methyl red and Voges-Proskauer tests were positive, and acetoin was produced from 2,3-butanediol. Glucose was fermented without gas production. Acid was produced from fructose, mannose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, dextrin and glycerol. These organisms differed from all other members of the genus Pasteurella with respect to nitrate reduction, arginine dihydrolase, Voges-Proskauer and methyl red tests. The formation of viscid colonies and inability to grow in a medium without sodium chloride or at 37 C were additional characteristics of these organisms.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1975

Restoration of voice after laryngeal surgeries.

Some aspects of speech deficiency in Japanese-speaking patients who had undergone surgeries for laryngeal malignancy were studied. Surgical procedures included reconstructive surgeries after total laryngectomy and conservation surgeries. A series of listener-judgments and some acoustic analyses of speech were made. The recorded voices of the patients were more or less hoarse. The median speaking pitch varied greatly from patient to patient, and often assumed an unusual value. The average articulation score for five Japanese vowels was computed for each subject. The score varied from patient to patient, and was thought to be useful in quantitatively evaluating speech quality. It was shown that certain glottal consonants such as /h/ can be affected by laryngeal surgeries. It was emphasized that the larynx should be regarded not only as a generator or a vibrator, but also as an articulator which produces consonants. The listening tests also revealed that the intonation pattern of Japanese two-syllable nouns can be influenced by laryngeal surgeries, and that distinction among certain words may become impossible as a result. This type of speech problem may require serious consideration in some language environments.

Environment↗
PubMed1975

Centennial conference on laryngeal cancer papers. Primary laryngoplasty.

A new procedure is described for the surgical reconstruction of the larynx following total laryngectomy. Postoperatively, the voice was as good as that resulting from Asai's laryngoplasty. Aspiration of fluid into the trachea was minimal. The procedure may be briefly summarized as follows: 1. The lateral portion of both thyroid cartilages are left in situ. 2. The posterior laryngeal wall is formed with the superior horns of the same cartilages. 3. The inner surface of the reconstructed larynx is lined by mucosal flaps from the hypopharynx. 4. The reconstructed larynx is firmly sutured to the base of the tongue. This procedure was employed in 19 cases with an extensive laryngeal carcinoma. In five of them healing was retarded by the formation of postoperative pharyngeal fistulas. All patients regained their voices and their ability to swallow.

Deglutition↗