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Biomedical subjects

Y Koide

Publications and source records attributed to Y Koide.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Two cases of multiple liver metastases (H3) from colon cancer treated by home hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy].

Two cases with unresectable multiple liver metastases to both lobes (H3) from colon cancer, in which cases the life expectancy usually does not exceed 1 year, were treated with home hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy employing implantable port system. They could live over one year with good performance status. Drug treatment consisted of the administration of carboplatin (CBDCA), 150 mg/body, given in a minute for one day and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 250 mg/body, given in a 5-hour intra-arterial infusion daily for 5 days. Cycles were administered every 2 weeks. Home hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using an implantable port system, which offers good local control of liver metastases, a high patient quality of life without the need for hospitalization, is suitable for treatment of unresectable liver metastases.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

IFN-gamma induces IL-12 mRNA expression by a murine macrophage cell line, J774.

Interleukin (IL)-12 is a logical candidate for participation in the differentiation of T helper (Th) 1 cells. IL-12 is produced by macrophages and B cells and induces the production of interferon (IFN)-gamma from Th1 cells and NK cells. In this study, we show that the IFN-gamma itself is capable of inducing IL-12 mRNA expression in murine macrophage cell line J774. The mRNA was apparent by 12h after IFN-gamma treatment, although maximal induction required 36 to 48h. Furthermore, we investigated the signal transduction mechanism responsible for the mRNA expression. The IFN-gamma-inducible IL-12 mRNA was blocked by two protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors, genistein and herbimycin A, suggesting that PTK is involved in the IFN-gamma-inducible IL-12 mRNA expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The biased V gamma gene usage in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Taking advantage of the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we have analyzed T cell receptor gamma-chain mRNA of synovial fluid gamma/delta T cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in comparison with those of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from RA patients and healthy individuals. The quantitative RT-PCR method in conjunction with nucleotide sequencing revealed the frequent usage of the V gamma 3 gene segment in RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) (p < 0.01) which in PBMC of healthy individuals occurred rarely. PBMC of most healthy individuals expressed the V gamma 9 gene predominantly (p < 0.01) as expected. However, only half of RA patients showed elevated levels of the V gamma 9 gene expression in their PBMC. The gamma-chain mRNA containing the V gamma 3 gene in RA SFMC showed no conserved junctional sequence (complementarity-determining region 3). To investigate the nature of ligands recognized by the V gamma 3-bearing T cells, we analyzed V gamma gene usage of RA SFMC, RA PBMC, and normal PBMC stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) or MT plus interleukin-2 since there is mounting evidence of high reactivity of RA SFMC to MT and mycobacterial heat-shock protein 65. However, the V gamma usage appeared to be mostly V gamma 9 in RA SFMC, RA PBMC and normal PBMC. Taken together these results suggest that an as yet unknown antigen(s) (other than MT) might select gamma/delta T cells expressing the V gamma 3 gene in RA SFMC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The signal transduction mechanism responsible for gamma interferon-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase gene expression.

We examined the signal transduction mechanism responsible for the gamma interferon-induced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) gene expression in a human monocytic cell line, THP-1. Our results suggest that gamma interferon-induced activation of protein tyrosine kinase is a prerequisite for gene expression and that activation of protein kinase C and another unknown signal(s), both of which are transduced by the protein tyrosine kinase, synergistically induce IDO gene expression. Neither Ca2+ influx nor cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinases were suggested to be involved in the signaling pathway.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Efficient transformation of pseudomonas strains with pNI vectors by electroporation.

The optimum conditions for electro-transformation of some Pseudomonas strains including P. putida, P. fluorescens, and P. flavida, were defined using the pNI105 vector, resulting in 100-10,000 fold increases in transformation efficiency compared with conventional chemical transformation with MgCl2. The growth phase of the cultured cells and the field strength were important in obtaining high transformation efficiency. Under optimal conditions, 3.2 x 10(7) transformants per 1 microgram DNA were obtained using a combination of pNI105 and P. fluorescens IAM12022. This value is the highest ever obtained for a Pseudomonas species. In addition, the procedures were applicable to the effective transformation of fluorescent Pseudomonas strains with pNI vectors.

Electroporation↗
PubMed1994

The complete amino acid sequence of pituitary cystatin from chum salmon.

Cystatin, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, was isolated from chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) pituitary glands by ion-exchange chromatography on Mono-Q, gel filtration on Superdex 75, and reverse-phase HPLC on an ODS following ethanol-ammonium acetate extraction. Salmon pituitary cystatin was equipotent to chicken egg-white cystatin in the papain inhibitory assay. The cystatin consists of 111 amino acid residues with two disulfide linkages formed between 66-75 and 89-109, and has 43% identical sequences with chicken egg-white cystatin with consensus sequences of reactive sites, Gly(4), Gln-X-Val-X-Gly (48-52), and Ile(Val)-Pro-Trp (96-98).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Molecular analysis of the pathogenesis of autoimmune insulitis in NOD mice.

Among diabetes-susceptibility genes in NOD mice, only Idd-1 has been clearly assigned: Idd-1 could be a gene complex composed of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, I-A beta and I-E. Employing restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and nucleotide sequencing, we revealed that ILI and CTS mice, which are nondiabetic but are derived from the same Jcl-ICR mice as NOD mice, share the same class II MHC genes with NOD mice suggesting that both ILI and CTS mice also possess susceptible Idd-1 genotype. This was supported by a breeding study. To compare the usage of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta genes in NOD mice with that in ILI mice, we employed quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) which revealed that TCR V beta usages of these mice were indistinguishable. RT-PCR method also revealed that the V beta transcript of T cells infiltrating into pancreas of NOD mice was not restricted but was rather diverse. Since NOD and ILI mice share the same class I and II MHC antigens, we performed lymphocyte transfer experiments between these mice to examine the mechanism by which ILI mice do not develop insulitis. The results of reciprocal transfer of lymphocytes from NOD to ILI-nu/nu mice or from ILI to young NOD mice suggest that ILI mice exhibit autoantigens responsible for the development of insulitis but do not possess T cells reacting with islets. Of the diabetes-susceptibility genes, only in the case of Idd-1 is there any evidence for the identity of the gene products. ILI mice should provide more information on the products of the other diabetes-susceptibility genes of NOD mice.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Effects of alcohol on membrane fluidity of human erythrocyte.

Membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes was measured by a spin label method using an electron spin resonance spectrometer in healthy volunteers after ingestion of alcohol (1.5 ml of whisky/kg body weight). Fluidity in the lipid bilayer closer to the hydrophilic face decreased at 30 min and 90 min, and fluidity in the hydrophobic core decreased at 90 min after ingestion of alcohol. In the same experiment, the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the serum decreased 30 min after ingestion of alcohol, and the triglyceride level increased and free fatty acid level decreased, and serum superoxide dismutase activity increased 150 min after ingestion. Furthermore, membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes was examined in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome who had not any alcohol for about 26 months. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity of patients with alcohol dependence syndrome was not different from that of healthy controls. However, erythrocyte membrane fluidity of the lipid bilayer closer to the hydrophilic face increased in patients who had concomitant liver cirrhosis compared with those who did not. These results suggest that alcohol affects temporal change of membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Leukotrien B4-induced interleukin-1 beta in synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

We examined the role of Leukotrien B4 (LTB4) in the production of Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) by rheumatoid synovial cells since a substantial amount of LTB4 has been detected in the synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The production of IL-1 beta was augmented by LTB4 at concentrations of 10(-9) to 10(-8) M. Furthermore, LTB4 showed the additive effect on the IL-1 beta production with interferon-gamma but not with lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that LTB4 in cooperation with certain cytokines might play a pivotal role in the IL-1 beta production by rheumatoid synovial cells in vivo.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of glucose metabolism in patients with esophageal cancer by PET: estimation of hexokinase activity in the tumor and usefulness for clinical assessment using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose].

We evaluated glucose metabolism of esophageal cancer by PET using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), in order to investigate its clinical usefulness. In 11 advanced cases k3 value reflecting hexokinase activity and Ci/Cp ratio expressing FDG uptake were calculated from radioactivity in the tumor (Ci) and the plasma (Cp). Both k3 and Ci/Cp were well correlated with hexokinase activity from the resected specimen, so Ci/Cp was considered to be a convenient index for clinical assessment of esophageal cancer. Forty-two cases before treatment revealed high accumulation of FDG, and 41 showed more than 2.0 of Ci/Cp. But, 10 normal controls and one esophageal benign tumor showed less than 2.0. As for 13 post-operative cases, 6 cases out of 7 with recurrence showed more than 2.0 for Ci/Cp, but all 6 cases of non-recurrent cases showed less than 2.0. FDG PET is an useful tool for differential diagnosis of recurrence. The clinicopathological findings were investigated in 26 resected cases. Age, location, vertical extension, histologic feature, lymph node metastasis and histologic stage were not correlative with Ci/Cp. As for DNA ploidy pattern, aneuploidy group showed significantly high Ci/Cp rather than diploidy group. Eight cases which showed more than 5.0 of Ci/Cp resulted in poor prognoses compared with 14 cases which showed less than 5.0.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

High-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Clinical usefulness of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in the treatment of gastric cancer was investigated. METHODS: Ten patients with late-stage gastric cancer (four recurrent and six primary cases) with measurable lesions were treated with high-dose combination therapy consisting of etoposide (VP-16) (1200 mg/m2), adriamycin (80 mg/m2), and cisplatin (120 mg/m2) or carboplatin (900 mg/m2) (high-dose etoposide, adriamycin, and cisplatin [EAP] therapy). Afterward, 1 x 10(7)/kg of mononuclear cells, which were prepared from autologous bone marrow before treatment and cryopreserved, were transfused intravenously. RESULTS: All patients recovered from the aplastic period without severe complications. Of nine assessable cases, partial response was observed in eight (89% response rate). CONCLUSION: High-dose EAP therapy with ABMT is recommended as adjuvant therapy accompanied with radical operation for late-stage gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

cDNA cloning of the beta subunit of teleost thyrotropin.

cDNA clones encoding the beta subunit of thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone; TSH) were isolated from a cDNA library made from the pituitaries of immature rainbow trout and sequenced. The precursor of rainbow trout TSH beta consists of 147 aa, which can be cleaved into a signal peptide (20 aa) and a mature protein (127 aa) containing one potential N-glycosylation site and 12 cysteine residues. The protein showed highest homology with human TSH beta (51%) and lesser homology with human follitropin (42%), human lutropin (32%), and salmon gonadotropin (31-33%) beta subunits. The identification of TSH in addition to two gonadotropins (gonadotropins I and II) in the teleost fish suggests that the divergence of three kinds of glycoprotein hormones from an ancestral molecule took place earlier than the time of divergence of teleosts from the main line of evolution leading to tetrapods. Northern blot analysis showed that the expression of the rainbow trout TSH beta gene is specific to the pituitary gland and is significantly higher in immature fish than in mature fish, suggesting that TSH plays some role in the biological processes of immature fish.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of neutral glycosphingolipids in human cataractous lens.

Neutral glycosphingolipids were purified from human senile cataractous lenses by a combination of solvent extraction, Folch's partition, acetylation, and column chromatography using DEAE-Sephadex and Iatrobeads. Six major glycosphingolipids (A-F) from monohexosylceramide to pentahexosylceramide were identified by sugar composition analysis, methylation analysis, secondary ion-mass spectrometry, glycosidase digestion, and chromium trioxide oxidation. Their structures suggested that they were closely related in their metabolism: their sugar chains were in sequence and their ceramide moieties were similarly composed, namely C16:0 and C24:1 constituted most of the fatty acids, and long-chain base components were mostly C18-dihydrosphingosine with a small portion of C18-sphingosine. The sugar chains implied two pathways branching from lactosylceramide: one to globotriaosylceramide and the other to lactotriaosylceramide, which leads to the production of Le(x) glycolipid via neolacto type 2 core chain.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation prevents IFN-gamma-induced HLA-DR molecule expression.

We have previously demonstrated that HLA-DR molecule expression induced by IFN-gamma is associated with phosphatidylinositide turnover, activation of protein kinase C, and elevation of intracellular calcium. Because phosphorylation of phospholipase C-gamma 1 on tyrosine residues is known to be involved in the activation of phosphatidylinositide turnover, we investigated the role of tyrosine protein kinase (TPK) in the signal transduction for IFN-gamma-inducible DR molecule expression on T98G cells. The effects of three specific TPK inhibitors, genistein, herbimycin A, and tyrphostin, suggest that TPK is involved in the signal transduction. These inhibitors inhibited the IFN-gamma-inducible DR molecule expression in a dose-dependent manner. Being consistent with this, immunoblotting with an anti-phosphotyrosine mAb revealed that IFN-gamma induces a rapid increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Genistein not only abrogated the IFN-gamma-induced enhancement of tyrosine phosphorylation, but also inhibited the IFN-gamma-induced production of inositol-4-5-triphosphate and the elevation of intracellular calcium. However, these three TPK inhibitors failed to inhibit the DR molecule expression induced by PMA and A23187. These findings suggest that the tyrosine phosphorylation is an early and critical event that precedes phosphatidylinositide turnover leading to activation of protein kinase C and elevation of intracellular calcium concentration during IFN-gamma-inducible DR molecule expression.

Benzoquinones↗
PubMed1993

HLA class II molecule-mediated signal transduction mechanism responsible for the expression of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha genes induced by a staphylococcal superantigen.

Superantigens including staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) bind to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and interact with T cells bearing particular V beta chains. SEB was shown to induce the expression of interleukin (IL)-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha genes in human peripheral blood monocytes bearing HLA class II molecules. Monoclonal antibodies directed against HLA-DR and -DQ abolished the SEB-induced expression of both the IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha genes, suggesting that the HLA class II molecules mediated the gene expression. Therefore, we investigated the signal transduction mechanism responsible for the expression of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha genes induced by binding of SEB to the HLA class II molecules. Three protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors, genistein, herbimycin A, and tyrphostin, each of which has a different mechanism of action, strongly inhibited the expression of the monokine mRNA induced by SEB. Analyses of PTK activity revealed that SEB induced a rapid increase of membrane-associated PTK activity and this was blocked by tyrphostin. Furthermore, H-7 inhibited the expression of the monokine mRNA induced by SEB, suggesting the involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) in the signaling pathway. The involvement of PKC was confirmed by the observations that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a direct activator of PKC, induced the expression of the monokine mRNA and that SEB evoked the activation of membrane-associated PKC. Both activation of PKC and expression of the monokine mRNA induced by SEB appeared to be inhibited by tyrphostin, but those induced by PMA were not. Taken together, these findings indicate that both PTK and PKC play essential roles in HLA class II molecule-mediated signal transduction elicited by SEB and that PTK activation may precede PKC activation in the signaling pathway.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗