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Y Kohli

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kohli.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Mucosubstance and lectin histochemistry of DMH induced colonic tumor in rats].

Histo-pathological appearances of DMH-induced colonic tumor in Wistar rats were sequentially observed upto the 35th week after the drug administration. In our series, 28 tumors were successfully induced in the colonic mucosa of 19 out of 64 rats treated with DMH, and they were histologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. However, there were differences in the histo-pathological findings of the carcinoma between the distal colon and the proximal colon in rats. That is, the slowly growing type of well differentiated adenocarcinoma was likely to originate from the proper mucosa in the distal colon, while in the proximal colon the rapidly growing type of tumor did from atypical glands in the lymphoid follicles. Therefore, it was suggested that histogenesis and growing processes of the carcinoma were differed in the distal colon from that in the proximal colon in rats. Second, epithelial mucosubstances and lectin-binding properties of these lesions were examined histochemically. There were differences in the lectin-binding patterns of UEA-I and PNA between carcinomas and/or atypical glands in the lymphoid follicle and normal background mucosa in rat colon. In the UEA-I staining, almost all tumors were positively stained except for one case, and in the well differentiated type a positive staining was discernible at the cell apex and secretory product in tumors, while in the undifferentiated type, it was seen at the cytoplasma and secretory product. From these histopathological and histochemical studies it may be concluded that these lectins is likely to be useful as tumor markers for the large bowel, and also effective for a diagnosis of minute carcinoma in the large bowel.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Inhibitory action of enprostil (4,5-dehydro-16-phenoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranor-PGE2) on tetra-gastrin stimulated acid secretion in human subjects.

A double-blind study was conducted to examine the effect of enprostil on tetra-gastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion in twelve healthy male volunteers. Each subject underwent four tests in random order on separate days with oral doses of 15, 25, 35 micrograms enprostil and placebo. After measuring basal secretion and gastrin release, tetra-gastrin was injected intramuscularly. Gastric secretion and gastrin release were measured over the next two hours. Enprostil dose-dependently inhibited tetragastrin stimulated gastric secretion volume, acid and pepsin output. There were significant differences in gastric acid secretion inhibition between the 15 and 25 micrograms doses, and the 15 and 35 micrograms doses, but only a slight dose response was seen between the 25 and 35 micrograms doses with no significant difference. Serum gastrin level was not influenced by the administration of enprostil. No side effects attributed to enprostil were observed throughout the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antisecretory effect of a PGE2 derivative, enprostil (TA/RS-84135): inhibitory action of amogastrin-stimulated secretion.

A newly developed prostaglandin E2 derivative, enprostil (TA/RS-84135), was administered to five healthy volunteers in the stomach and duodenum through a teflon tube to examine its effect on amogastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. The acid output 1-3 h after administration of enprostil (35 micrograms) decreased remarkably as compared with that in the same period after placebo administration. However, no significant difference in antisecretory effect was observed between the two routes of administration. A decrease in pepsin output occurred in parallel with the decrease in acid output. These results suggest that the antisecretory effect of enprostil is at least partially due to systemic absorption and the predominantly topical action seen in animals does not seem to occur in man. No side-effects attributable to enprostil were observed during the test period. In conclusion, enprostil seems to be clinically useful as an antiulcer agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clinical significance of immunoglobulin A antibody to hepatitis B core antigen of polymeric and monomeric forms in chronic type B liver disease with acute exacerbation.

Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) was measured by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies in sera from chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). To reinforce the clinical significance of IgA anti-HBc, levels of IgA subclasses and molecular characterization of IgA anti-HBc in sera of 13 patients in the acute exacerbation phase and the remission phase were compared. IgA anti-HBc was significantly higher in sera in the acute exacerbation phase than in the remission phase (p less than 0.025); in particular, more significant changes were observed in IgA2 anti-HBc (p less than 0.0025) and in secretory IgA anti-HBc (p less than 0.001). Analysis of molecular size distribution of IgA anti-HBc by high performance liquid chromatography showed that the elevation of polymeric IgA anti-HBc was significantly greater than that of monomeric IgA anti-HBc in the acute exacerbation phase (p less than 0.05), although there was an increase in both monomeric and polymeric IgA anti-HBc. Thus, the elevation of polymeric IgA anti-HBc suggests that the focal immune response against HBcAg in the liver and secretory IgA anti-HBc is an important marker of acute exacerbation in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1987

Incidence of atrophic gastritis with age in Japan and Canada.

With methylene blue dye spraying endoscopy 392 Japanese outpatients with gastric diseases, and 253 Japanese and 84 Canadian outpatients free of gross findings in the stomach were investigated on chronic atrophic gastritis in special reference to intestinal metaplasia. Second, with the same technique 176 asymptomatic healthy residents in Kyoto, Japan, were also investigated, in which 50 residents were followed for two years and 32 subjects for four years. In each population subjects, with increasing age the fundic-pyloric (F-P) border shifted cephalad indicating atrophy of the fundic mucosa. Japanese subjects, however, showed greater variation in location of the F-P border, and also greater in symptomatic outpatients than in asymptomatic healthy subjects. The reduction in fundic gland area with aging was followed by intestinal metaplasia. In addition, our follow-up study indicates that atrophic gastritis was most likely to advance gradually with increasing age, even in asymptomatic residents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A study on the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence with pirenzepine.

A double-blind, controlled study with either 50 mg of pirenzepine or a placebo once a day was performed in 128 patients to determine the effect of pirenzepine against relapses of duodenal ulcer, the healing of the subjects' former ulcers having been confirmed endoscopically. The study lasted 12 months at longest; endoscopy was performed at 3,6,9 and 12 month intervals during the study, as well as when subjective symptoms developed. Cumulative non-relapse rates were obtained every 3 months according to the life expectancy table; at 3 and 6 months, they were 85.7% and 73.0% for the pirenzepine group and 67.9% and 49.0% for the placebo group, thus indicating significantly lower relapse rates in favour of the pirenzepine group (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the 12-month cumulative non-relapse rate. Comparison of background factors in relapsed and non-relapsed cases suggested that relapses were more frequent among pirenzepine-treated patients who had required a shorter course of treatment or had received H2 antagonists in the treatment of their previous ulcer. Relapses of duodenal ulcer were closely correlated with relapses of subjective symptoms, but there was no significant difference between the pirenzepine group and the placebo group with regard to the frequency of subjective symptoms at the time of ulcer recurrence. Pirenzepine, like H2 antagonists, proved to prevent ulcer relapses temporarily. The relapse rate with the compound appeared to be higher in cases where the former ulcer had been treated with H2 antagonists.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Trophic effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide on the pancreas of the Syrian hamster.

Repeated subcutaneous injections of cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-OP) to Syrian golden hamsters for 10 days elicited a marked trophic effect on the pancreas, characterized by increased pancreatic weight and increased RNA/DNA ratios with an enhanced content of amylase in the pancreas in treated hamsters. These responses were observed after relatively small doses (100--300 ng CCK-OP x day-1 . 100 g body weight-1) of the hormone over a 10-day period. Although there was a small increase in total pancreatic DNA there was no definite evidence of hyperplasia in response to CCK-OP. DNA synthesis, as measured by histoautoradiography of tritiated thymidine labelled tissues, was increased in pancreatic acinar and islet cells, but not in ductal cells. This investigation, therefore, demonstrates a trophic action of CCK on the pancreas of the hamster similar to that reported for the rat and this may have relevance in studies of carcinogenesis since the hamster is an established species for studying pancreatic cancer.

Amylases↗
PubMed1981

Endoscopic diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia in Canada and Japan.

We carried out comparative studies on chronic atrophic gastritis with accompanying intestinal metaplasia using the methylene blue dye spraying, endoscopic technique on 167 Japanese and 77 Canadian outpatients free of gross stomach disease. In both population samples (Kyoto, Japan and St. John's, Newfoundland) with increasing subject age, the fundic-pyloric (F-P) border shifted cephalad indicating atrophy of the fundic mucosal glands. Japanese subjects, however, showed greater variation in location of the F-P border. The reduction in fundic gland area with aging was followed by intestinal metaplasia, the incidence and severity of which was greater in Japanese than in Canadian outpatients. From these data we conclude that a difference in the gastric mucosa in these two countries may be related to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Earlier diagnosis of gastric infiltrating carcinoma (scirrhous cancer).

We approached the early diagnosis of gastric infiltrating carcinoma, scirrhous cancer, by a retrospective study of 19 patients, together with a prospective study of a single patient, by reexamination and follow-up of gastric roentgenographs and endoscopic films. This study suggests that an early feature of this type of gastric cancer might be IIc- or III + IIc-like depression in the body of the stomach, probably in the fundic region of the stomach. A shallow depression or a slight stiffness of the gastric wall may be one of the earliest roentgenographic or endoscopic findings helpful in early detection of this disease.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1981

Analytical studies on growth of human gastric cancer.

Doubling times of early and advanced gastric cancers were determined on serial double-contrast roentgenographs, and those of tumor metastatic to the abdominal wall from the stomach were calculated from direct measurement. Doubling times of early gastric cancer ranged from 577 to 3462 days, while advanced gastric cancer had doubling times from 69 to 305 days. Doubling times of tumors metastatic to the abdominal wall were shorter, that is, from 17.7 to 60.2 days. The difference of growth rates in these three situations may result from differences in cell loss in each case. Equally important, the peptic ulceration which accompanies early gastric cancer seemed to have a dual significance; that is, in many cases of early gastric cancer it had an important role as a factor in cell loss, but in some cases it was likely to accelerate to a deeper cancerous invasion. From the retrospective or prospective follow-up study, early gastric cancer, type IIb, was likely to show abnormal redness or discoloration on the mucosal surface, which could be more easily recognized at endoscopy with the dye-spraying method.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Effect of hypoxia on acetic acid ulcer of the stomach in rats with or without coenzyme Q10.

As one of the factors contributing to the intractability of chronic gastric ulcer, the effect of hypoxia is examined in this paper, based upon the experimental acetic acid ulcer in the stomach of Wistar rats. Results indicate that hypoxia has a harmful influence on the healing process of chronic, gastric ulcer in rats, and also that this effect of hypoxia can be prevented by administration of Coenzyme Q10 in diet.

Acetates↗
PubMed1979

Endoscopic diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia in asymptomatic (control) volunteers.

The F-P border and strain phenomenon of the gastric mucosa were investigated by the application of methylene blue dye spraying method in endoscopy to 105 asymptomatic control volunteers and the following results were obtained; 1. The pyloric metaplasia is observed in the fundic gland area from the twenties in age and becomes increasing in its number and move widely spreading from the lesser curvature to the anterior and/or posterior wall of the corpus with advancing age. 2. The intestinal metaplasia arises from the thirties in age. 3. The intestinal metaplasia is observed either in the pyloric gland area of following the pyloric metaplasis in the fundic gland area. 4. Histologically, the strain phenomenon of the gastric mucosa is closely related to the intestinal metaplasia. Then, methylene blue dye spraying method is reevaluated to be useful for a precise endoscopic diagnosis of intestinal metaplasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Endoscopic studies on the minute structures of colonic mucosa in the follow-up observation of ulcerative colitis.

Thirty cases of ulcerative colitis were examined endoscopically by means of magnifying colonoscope with dye spraying method (the combined method), and their minute mucosal structures were classified into four categories endoscopically, which correlated well with the histological findings. By this procedure, it was easy to detect the subsidence of inflammation of the mucosa in the quiescent phase or to reveal the active inflammatory involvement of the bowel. Moreover, inspecting the minute changes of the colonic mucosa detected by the combined method, remission was more correctly decided and rigid control is contributing to the decrease in the recent rate of recurrence of ulcerative colitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

On the dye spraying method in colonofiberscopy.

Dye spraying method was applied in colonofiberscopy; 111 cases of normal colonic mucosa and 26 cases of ulcerative colitis were examined by this method. Using indigocarmine in this method, we could recognize the fine mucosal changes more easily and clearly and get better information for differential diagnosis. Furthermore, the degree of staining of the mucosa by methylene blue, one of the ultra vital staining dye, is different according to the stage of the inflammatory process of colonic mucosa itself in ulcerative colitis. Namely the stainability of the colonic mucosa is corresponding to the healing process of the disease.

Adult↗