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Biomedical subjects

Y Kano

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kano.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Tourette's disorder coupled with infantile autism: a prospective study of two boys.

In a longitudinal study, two boys in the Outpatient Psychiatric Clinic at Tokyo University were found to exhibit Tourette's disorder in addition to the original diagnoses of infantile autism. This paper addresses problems of applying the diagnostic criteria of DSM-III in terms of voluntary tic suppression in diagnosing patients with both disorders. Differences between motor tics and stereotyped movements in patients with both infantile autism and Tourette's disorder have been clearly distinguished. This may enable us to identify more autistic individuals with Tourette's disorder by focusing on these differences. In contrast to Burd et al.'s findings and implications, these two boys have not manifested spurts in language and social relationships nor have their conditions significantly improved, despite the development of Tourette's disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fine structural changes in the developing gastric gland cells in the ferret during the postnatal period.

The development of the gastric gland cells in the ferret was studied with particular reference to maturation during the postnatal period. In the newborn, the glands consist of immature parietal cells with numerous mitochondria, and shallow rudimentary intracellular canaliculus with numerous microvilli, and undifferentiated cells. At one week old, mucous neck cells are present containing scattered mucin granules and the parietal cells contain tubulovesicular components. At two weeks old chief cells can be seen with large secretory granules in their basal cytoplasm. The gastric gland cells subsequently increase considerably in size, and their epithelium undergoes rapid histological maturation towards weaning.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Temporal relationship between single unit activity in superior olivary complex and scalp-derived auditory brainstem response in guinea pig.

Single unit activities in the region of the superior olivary complex were recorded from 8 guinea pigs concurrently with the recording of auditory brainstem potentials from the scalp. At any one anatomical site, be it a fiber tract (e.g. trapezoid body) or a nucleus (e.g. medial nucleus of the trapezoid body), the modal latency of the onset discharge of the units encountered corresponded in time with the latencies of several different waves (waves P2-P5) of the auditory brainstem response (ABR). Moreover, at the time of occurrence of just one of the ABR waves, single units in several diverse anatomical sites in and around the superior olive were found with modal latencies of onset discharge at that same time period. The slopes of the latency/intensity functions for both the peaks of the ABR and the modal latency of the onset discharge for most of the single units studied in the superior olive and its adjacent fiber tracts were remarkably similar. These data support the hypothesis of multiple rather than single generator site(s) for components of the ABR, at least, for waves P2-P5 in the guinea pig. These data do not distinguish whether the ABR are generated in part by travelling nerve action potentials or graded synaptic events.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

Interrelationships among X-ray-induced anchorage independence, mutagenesis and chromosomal rearrangements in human diploid fibroblasts.

The changes in the frequencies of X-ray-induced mutations to 6-thioguanine resistance, chromosomal abnormalities and transformation to anchorage-independent growth were examined during confluent holding recovery in density-inhibited cultures of human diploid fibroblasts. Chromosomal abnormalities studied included non-stable aberrations, deletions, and reciprocal translocations measured up to 20 mean population doublings post-irradiation. Complex recovery kinetics were observed. A comparison of these kinetics suggests that reciprocal translocations are associated with the induction of both transformation and mutations. Mutagenesis correlated with deletions and translocations, whereas transformation correlated with translocations only.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1987

Localization of a developmentally regulated neuron-specific protein S54 in dendrites as revealed by immunoelectron microscopy.

We sought to determine the ultrastructural localization of the developmentally regulated neuron-specific protein S54 in the chicken cerebellar cortex and optic tectum. The brains were fixed by perfusion with paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. Frozen sections were immunocytochemically labeled with a monoclonal antibody to S54 protein. The immunoreactivity for S54 protein was localized in dendrites. No immunoreactivity for S54 protein was detected in axons and their presynaptic terminals.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Electrofocusing pattern of fucosyltransferase activity in human leukemic cells.

Fucosyltransferase (FT) activity of normal lymphocytes, normal granulocytes, and various types of human leukemic cells and electrofocusing pattern of FT activity in human leukemic cells and normal lymphocytes were examined using asialofetuin as an acceptor. Levels of FT activity in normal lymphocytes were higher than those of normal granulocytes in which FT activity was almost undetectable. The FT activity was higher in blast cells of acute myeloblastic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis than in blast cells of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The level of FT activity was lower in cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia than that of normal lymphocytes, but it was higher than that of normal granulocytes. Three main isoelectric forms of FT in leukemic blast cells were identified by isoelectrofocusing, and they each had a characteristic focusing point: around pH 4.5 (peak 1); pH 4.9 (peak 2); and pH 5.2 (peak 3). In blast cells of myeloid leukemia, the activity of peak 3 was markedly higher than those of peaks 1 and 2. In blast cells of lymphoid leukemia, the activity of peak 3 was also the highest, but the activity of peak 2 was higher than that in myeloid blast cells. In normal lymphocytes, the major isoelectric form of FT was focused at around pH 4.9 and peak 3 was undetectable. These results indicated apparent differences not only in FT activity but also in isoelectric forms of FT between myeloid leukemic cells and lymphoid leukemic cells.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1987

Cloning and sequencing of the HU-2 gene of Escherichia coli.

The Escherichia coli HU-2 gene was cloned using a DNA fragment from the HU-1 gene as a probe. The amino acid sequence of the HU-2 protein deduced from the nucleotide sequence is in good agreement with the published sequence. The nucleotide sequence has a possible promoter and a typical ribosomal binding site upstream of the translation initiation codon (AUG) and a possible rho-independent terminater site downstream of the termination codon (UAA) of the gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Cross-linking of collagen by ascorbate-copper ion systems.

Cross-linking occurred rapidly in collagen when it was treated with ascorbate-copper ion systems. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns of CNBr peptides suggest that in some respects the modifications by the ascorbate-copper ion systems mimicked those that occurred in collagen with aging.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Development of the bovine ileal mucosa.

The development of the bovine ileal mucosa was studied with particular reference to maturation during the fetal and neonatal period. In this region, by 4-5 months of fetal development, vacuolation of the epithelial cells had occurred on the villi, and the goblet and absorptive cells in the crypts were present. By 6-9 months, the villi were longer and more numerous than in the previous stages. At the same time, the vacuolated cells could be seen predominantly on the upper half of each villus. The absorptive cells and goblet cells were more distinct in the crypt and lower half of each villus. Moreover, the goblet cells showed differences in mucin, while in the submucosa the lymphoid follicles were seen to have enlarged to become a prominent feature of the Peyer's patches at this stage. At birth, in suckled animals, the ileal cells on the lower area of each villus and in the crypt appeared more like mature cells. In contrast, there were numerous inclusion bodies in epithelial cells on the upper half of each villus. They appeared in the apical portion of the cytoplasm as vacuoles with stainable or dense contents. By 1 week, however, epithelial cells no longer contained inclusion bodies, and absorptive and goblet cell populations had begun to emerge from the crypts. These histological results suggest that the bovine ileal mucosa has two distinct turning points during its development in the fetus and the neonate. Initially all the mucosal structures are present in fetuses at 6-7 months of gestation, and then the vacuolated cells covering the ileal villi are replaced by mature, nonpinocytosing epithelium which emerges from the crypts on or before the 7th day after birth (ileal closure).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Photoperiodic modification of negative and positive feedback effects of oestradiol on LH secretion in ovariectomized goats.

Ovariectomized Shiba goats carrying an oestradiol implant (4-10 pg/ml) were kept under a short-day light regimen (10L:14D; Group 1, N = 4) or a long-day regimen (16L:8D; Group 2, N = 4). Plasma LH concentrations were lower (P less than 0.05) in Group 2 than in Group 1 between Days 40 and 200, suggesting an enhanced negative feedback effect of oestradiol on LH secretion under a long-day regimen. On Days 30, 60, 100, 149 and 279, an LH surge was induced by i.v. infusion of oestradiol for 48 h; the infusion rate was gradually increased from 0.5 (0 h) to 4.1 (48 h) micrograms/h, thereby mimicking the preovulatory increase of oestradiol secretion. The duration and magnitude of the induced LH surge were indistinguishable between the groups. The latency from the onset of oestradiol infusion to the LH surge was relatively constant in Group 1, 41.1 +/- 0.9 h (mean +/- s.e.m., n = 17) but was shorter in Group 2 (19.7 +/- 3.7 h, P less than 0.05) on Day 149; less oestradiol was therefore required for induction of the LH surge (27.4 vs 89.7 micrograms, P less than 0.01), suggesting an increased sensitivity to the oestradiol positive feedback under a long-day regimen. These results might be interpreted to indicate that the hypothalamic-pituitary axis of the goat becomes hypersensitive to the positive as well as the negative feedback effect of oestradiol under long-day conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Nonsurgical collection of embryos in Shiba goats.

A method of nonsurgical embryo collection in the Shiba goat, a native Japanese miniature goat breeding nonseasonally, was developed. The apparatus used for flushing the uterus was made on the model of the two-way catheter for cows. Embryo collection was performed on days 5 to 7 in 37 females superovulated with PMSG and hCG and resulted in successful recovery of 69 embryos in 19 females (51.4%). The average number of embryos collected from each successful female was 3.6. The recovery rate of embryos calculated on the basis of the number of embryos recovered and corpora lutea observed by culdoscopy in 15 successful females was 89.5%. This nonsurgical method seem to be efficient enough for collecting morulae and blastocysts in Shiba goats.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of the muscle coat at the omasoabomasal junction and its vicinity in cattle.

Detailed studies on the distribution of the muscle coat at the omasoabomasal junction in cattle, especially in the pila omasi, were carried out in order to clarify the mechanism of closing of the ostium omasoabomasicum. Anatomical and histological observations revealed that the muscle coat forming the circumference of the ostium omasoabomasicum is composed of inner circular and outer longitudinal layers. The former was particularly thickened at the end of the sulcus omasi (pila omasi). Joined to the pila omasi was a thick muscle bundle which extended from the labium sinistrum (left lip) of the sulcus reticuli and ran obliquely along the floor of the sulcus omasi. Moreover, on the abomasal side of the ostium omasoabomasicum, vela abomasi were formed in such a manner as to surround the ostium omasoabomasicum. These were continuous with the edges of the sulcus omasi. Judging from its location and muscular structure, the pila omasi may contract in accordance with the contraction of the reticulum. As a result, the ostium omasoabomasicum may be narrowed and the vela abomasi pulled toward the omasum, perhaps obstructing the ostium omasoabomasicum. Accordingly, it is presumed that the retention of contents in the omasum may effectively prevent abomasal contents from moving backward into the omasum.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1986

Genetic characterization of the gene hupB encoding the HU-1 protein of Escherichia coli.

The gene hupB encoding the HU-1(HU beta) protein of Escherichia coli was mapped between proC at min 9 and minA at min 10 on the K-12 genome by plasmid integration and chromosome transfer studies. Genetic studies using plasmid rescue techniques demonstrated that the lon gene is located very close to the 5' end of hupB and that the two genes are both transcribed clockwise on the E. coli map [Bachmann, Microbiol. Rev. 47 (1983) 180-230].

Bacterial Proteins↗