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Biomedical subjects

Y Kamiya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kamiya.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Fundamental and clinical studies on ceftazidime in pediatric surgery].

Fundamental and clinical studies of ceftazidime (CAZ) were performed in pediatric surgery. The results obtained were summarized below. Serum and urinary levels of CAZ were measured in 5 patients following injection (CAZ: 10 or 20 mg/kg, intravenous bolus injection). Highest levels in serum were observed within 30 minutes, 30.4 micrograms/ml and 49.5-62.9 micrograms/ml with 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses, respectively. Then serum levels of CAZ decreased gradually except in 1 case with a metabolic disease, and serum half-lives (T 1/2) were 1.19-1.88 hours for the high doses. The highest levels in urine were observed in 0-2 hours, and the urinary recovery rate was 59-100%. The bile levels were also measured in 3 patients who underwent radical operations of congenital biliary atresia (CBA). Highest levels of CAZ in bile, 4.47-9.66 micrograms/ml, were noted in 0-2 or 2-4 hours following injection. Recovery rates for 8 hours were 0.11, 0.17 and 0.20% for the 3 patients. The CAZ was administrated to 7 patients for prophylaxis of the postoperative infection (5 cases) or to treat ascending cholangitis in CBA (2 cases). Clinical results were good in 4, fair in 1, poor in 1 and unknown in 1. No clinical and laboratory side effect due to the administration of CAZ was observed. It is concluded that CAZ is a safe and effective antibiotic in pediatric surgery.

Bile↗
PubMed1985

Oxidation of biological membranes and its inhibition. Free radical chain oxidation of erythrocyte ghost membranes by oxygen.

The oxidation of human and rat erythrocyte ghost membranes by molecular oxygen has been performed in an aqueous suspension at 37 degrees C. A constant rate of oxygen uptake was observed in the presence of radical initiator. alpha-Tocopherol in the membrane suppressed the oxidation and the induction period was clearly observed. alpha-Tocopherol decreased linearly during the induction period and when it was depleted the induction period was over and a rapid oxidation started. The rate of oxidation was proportional to the square root of the rate of initial radical generation. The kinetic chain length, the ratio of the rate of propagation to that of initiation, was long, ranging from 7 to 100. These results indicate that the erythrocyte ghost membranes are oxidized by a free radical chain mechanism by molecular oxygen. Among the fatty acids of membrane lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids were oxidized exclusively. Proteins as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids were oxidized and the formation of the high- and low-molecular-weight proteins and the decrease of protein bands were observed on gel electrophoresis.

Amidines↗
PubMed1985

Effect of phytyl side chain of vitamin E on its antioxidant activity.

Inhibition of the oxidation of methyl linoleate and soybean phosphatidylcholine in homogeneous solution and in aqueous dispersion by four chain-breaking antioxidants, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, and stearyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, was studied to examine the effect of the phytyl side chain of vitamin E on its antioxidant activity. These four antioxidants exerted similar antioxidative activities. They were also effective as antioxidants in protecting the oxidation of soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes in water dispersion. However, when they were incorporated into dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes, only 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol could suppress the oxidation of soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes dispersed in the same aqueous system. It was concluded that the antioxidative properties of vitamin E and its model without the phytyl side chain are quite similar within micelles and liposomes as well as in homogeneous solution but that the phytyl side chain enhances the retainment of vitamin E in liposomes and suppresses the transfer of vitamin E between liposomal membranes.

Butylated Hydroxytoluene↗
PubMed1985

Familial odontogenic keratocysts. Report of 3 cases and review of Japanese dental literature.

Familial odontogenic keratocysts are described in this report. The Case 1 patient, who has 3 sisters, developed odontogenic keratocysts. The 2 younger sisters (Cases 2 and 3) also had odontogenic keratocysts, although the elder sister did not have any odontogenic cysts. The father of the patients had a history of removal of a jaw cyst, and the mother was found later to have malignant ameloblastoma. Besides the odontogenic keratocysts, the Case 1 patient had basal cell nevus, prominent frontal process, and ocular hypertelorism; the Case 2 patient had prominent frontal process; the Case 3 patient had prominent frontal process, ocular hypertelorism, and squint. All 3 sisters are suspected of being patients with the basal cell nevus syndrome. The Japanese dental literature concerning the basal cell nevus syndrome is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Oxidation of lipids. 7. Oxidation of phosphatidylcholines in homogeneous solution and in water dispersion.

The rates and products of the oxidations of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) in organic homogeneous solutions and as multilamellar liposomes in an aqueous dispersion were studied at 50 degrees C initiated by oil-soluble and water-soluble azo compounds and with the aim primarily of elucidating the effect of substrate and the reaction medium. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were oxidized exclusively among the fatty acids in PC. The product distribution was determined by the number of double bonds: in the oxidation of methyl linoleate and dilinoleoyl PC, the conjugated diene hydroperoxides were formed almost quantitatively, whereas in the oxidation of PC and polyunsaturated fatty acids having three or more double-bonds, cyclic peroxides were also formed. The oxidizability of PC was dependent on the content of doubly allylic hydrogens and their reactivities were suggested to be similar, independent of parent substrate and reaction medium, although the oxidizability of PC in nonpolar organic solvents is markedly enhanced by the formation of reverse-phase micelles.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition of oxidation of methyl linoleate in solution by vitamin E and vitamin C.

The oxidation of methyl linoleate in solution initiated with azo compounds has been studied in the absence and presence of vitamin E and vitamin C. Both vitamin E and vitamin C acted as a chain-breaking antioxidant and they suppressed the oxidation and produced an induction period. The inhibition rate constant for the scavenging of peroxy radical was calculated at 37 degrees C as kinh = 5.1 X 10(5) M-1 s-1 and 7.5 X 10(4) M-1 s-1 for vitamin E and vitamin C, respectively. It was suggested that each vitamin E could trap two peroxy radicals, whereas vitamin C could trap only one peroxy radical under the reaction conditions employed in this study. When both vitamin E and vitamin C were present, the oxidation was suppressed quite efficiently and the apparent inhibition rate constant was obtained as kinh = 4.0 X 10(5) M-1 s-1. Furthermore, vitamin E remained almost unchanged and only vitamin C was consumed at the initial stage and vitamin E was consumed after vitamin C was exhausted. It was concluded that vitamin E trapped the peroxy radical and the resulting alpha-chromanoxy radical reacted with vitamin C to regenerate vitamin E.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental and clinical evaluation of latamoxef in pediatric surgery].

Latamoxef (LMOX), a new oxacephem antibiotic, was studied for assessment of fundamental and clinical efficacy in 6 patients with neonatal surgical diseases, and in 1 with congenital bile duct atresia. The results were obtained as follows: The serum levels of LMOX were 73.4--89.6 micrograms/ml at 15--30 minutes following 20 mg/kg intravenous one shot injection in postoperative neonatal surgical patients. The mean rate of urinary excretion was 29.1% for 6 hours following administration of LMOX. The biliary levels of LMOX were 5.52--10.2 micrograms/ml in maximum following 20 mg/kg intravenous one shot injection in a patient with congenital bile duct atresia, but the excretion rate in bile was poor from liver disfunction. Also, the negative correlationship was obtained between bile and urine excretion rate. LMOX was administered to 6 cases of neonatal surgical patients for prevention of the postoperative infection. The clinical results were good in 4, fair in 1 and not evaluated in 1 of these cases. No side effect was experienced.

Bile↗
PubMed1976

Purification and some properties of microsome-bound thyroglobulins.

The sonicate of microsomal fraction of hog thyroid was found to contain two species of proteins which reacted with anti-thyroglobulin antiserum and corresponded to 2 to 3% of total protein of the fraction. The two species were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, repeated sucrose density gradient centrifugations and separated from each other by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis into S-mb thyroglobulin (the slower-migrating microsomal-bound fraction), F-mb thyroglobulin (the faster-migrating microsomal-bound fraction), and thyroglobulin itself. Amino acid compositions of the proteins were essentially the same as that of thyroglobulin. Mannose contents also were close to that of thyroglobulin while galactose and fucose contents decreased in the order: thyroglobulin, F-mb thyroglobulin and S-mb thyroglobulin. S-mb thyroglobulin had no sialic acid and no iodine at all. F-mb thyroglobulin was sialylated to an extent of less than 80% of, and iodinated to an extent of less than 50% of that of thyroglobulin, respectively. Antigenic activities of F-mb thyroglobulin and of S-mb thyroglobulin were qualitatively the same as, but quantitatively less than, that of thyroglobulin. Sedimentation coefficients of S-mb thyroglobulin and F-mb thyroglobulin were approximately 1 S lower than that of thyroglobulin. All the properties of the thyroglobulin-related proteins suggested that S-mb thyroglobulin and F-mb thyroglobulin were the products by the sequential modification of thyroglobulin polypeptide in the pathway of thyroid hormone production.

Amino Acids↗