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Biomedical subjects

Y Kaji

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kaji.

137 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Rectal carcinoma: prospective comparison of conventional and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed MR imaging.

The purpose of this study is to compare the usefulness of conventional MR imaging and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed MR imaging for the depiction and staging of rectal carcinoma. Thirty-two patients were prospectively evaluated by MR imaging using a 1.5-T unit. Based on the results of a barium study and/or digital examination, a balloon catheter was inserted to the level of the lesion before examination. Both conventional T1- and T2-weighted images and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted images were obtained for all patients. The kappa statistics were performed for the evaluation of interobserver agreement and the McNemar test was performed for the analysis of staging accuracy. When only T1- and T2-weighted images were used, 5 of 32 tumors were not detected and the extent of 18 of 32 tumors were unclear. However, when gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed imaging was added, 24 of 32 tumors were well defined and only one tumor was not detected. In determining the depth of invasion, the staging accuracy was 72% for conventional imaging and 68% for all images combined. There was no significant difference between with gadopentetate dimeglumine fat-suppressed imaging and conventional imaging (P > .05). Use of gadopentetate dimeglumine (fat-suppressed imaging) resulted in overestimation of muscular invasion, perirectal fat invasion, and adjacent organ invasion in 12 patients, whereas nine patients were overestimated without the use of gadopentetate dimeglumine. In the detection of metastatic lymph nodes, gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed imaging also was not useful. Tumor detection was excellent using gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced fat-suppressed images. However, the accuracy of staging was not improved by obtaining such images.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malignant vaginal melanoma. Usefulness of fat-saturation MRI.

We present a case of malignant vaginal melanoma studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A dark irregular mass was noted in the anterior wall of the vaginal cavity on physical examination. On fat-saturated T1-weighted MRI, the vaginal lesion was demonstrated more clearly than by conventional T1- and T2-weighted images. Furthermore, the fat-saturated image detected the bladder metastasis from the vaginal lesion.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term outcome of systemic cyclosporine treatment following penetrating keratoplasty.

PURPOSE: To perform a retrospective study to evaluate the long-term outcome of systemic cyclosporine treatment as an adjunct to topical corticosteroid treatment after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). METHODS: Twenty-six high-risk patients (27 eyes) who received systemic cyclosporine following PKP for an average of 5.4 months were compared with another series of 57 patients (57 eyes) who did not receive cyclosporine after PKP. RESULTS: Endothelial rejection developed in 2 cases during cyclosporine treatment and in 6 cases after discontinuation. The rate of rejection-free graft survival was similar between the treated and the control groups. The control group showed a significantly higher rate of graft survival than the treated group. As side effects in the treatment group, transient elevation in blood urea nitrogen or creatine developed in 7 cases. Increase in glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) or glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) developed in 4 cases. Severe side effects were absent throughout the series in both groups of patients. CONCLUSION: Systemic cyclosporine treatment for several months did not reduce the incidence of rejection nor improve the rate of graft clarity in the long term in high-risk patients after PKP.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily receptors in developing rat eyes.

PURPOSE: To ascertain the role played by the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily in retinal development by determining the changes in the expression patterns of their receptors during development of the normal rat retina. METHODS: The expression of type I and type II receptors of the TGF-beta superfamily was observed at the protein level in rat eyes at embryonic age 17 days (E17), at birth (P0), at postnatal days 3, 6, 9, and at 11 weeks (P3, P6, P9, and adult, respectively). RESULTS: Activin type I receptor and BMP type IB receptor were first detected in P6 and P3 retinas, respectively, at the protein level, and activin type II receptor was first detected in the P0 retina. The other receptors (TGF-beta type I and II receptors, activin type IB receptor, BMP types IA and II receptors) were detected at E17. The period from P0 to P9 corresponded to the period of dynamic changes in the rat retinal development. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the expression of TGF-beta superfamily is regulated along with retinal development and may be related to retinal development.

Activin Receptors, Type I↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term effects of topical cyclosporine A treatment after penetrating keratoplasty.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcome of topical 2% cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment as an adjunct to topical corticosteroid treatment of patients after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). METHODS: We reviewed the records of 83 patients (86 eyes) who had undergone PKP and received topical CsA treatment postoperatively; also the records of 95 PKP patients (97 eyes) who received the same treatment, except for the 2% CsA eyedrops, and served as controls. The patients were also subdivided into high-risk and low-risk groups. The clinical outcome of PKP was evaluated by the rates of graft survival and rejection-free graft survival, using the Kaplan-Meier method, and compared with the log-rank test. RESULTS: In the high-risk patients, the rejection-free graft survival rate was 69.7% in the CsA group and 45.4% in the control group (P =.030), but there was no significant difference in the graft survival rate between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Topical cyclosporine treatment is effective in reducing the risk of allograft rejection in high-risk patients.

Corneal Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amyloid deposition in seminal vesicles mimicking tumor invasion from bladder cancer: MR findings.

Amyloid deposition in the seminal vesicle is a not unusual finding at autopsy. A case of MR findings of amyloid deposition in the seminal vesicles with urinary bladder cancer is reported. Invasion of the seminal vesicle could not be excluded on T2-weighted imaging, but gadopentetate dimeglumine may be useful in its ability to differentiate amyloid deposition from seminal vesicle tumor invasion.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI in predicting the response of ovarian endometriomas to hormone therapy.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to investigate the usefulness of MRI in predicting the response of endometriomas to hormone therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI and laparoscopy at the onset of treatment and follow-up MRI after 6 months of hormone therapy were performed in 21 patients with 49 endometriomas. T1- and T2-weighted images were obtained with a 1.5 T apparatus using a body coil. The lesions were divided into a responder group and a nonresponder group according to whether the lesion size decreased by > or = 50% or not. RESULTS: With MRI, shading was seen in 25 of 27 lesions (93%) from the nonresponder group, but in only 6 of 22 (27%) from the responder group. Low SI rim was seen in 59% of the responders and 89% of the nonresponders. Multiplicity in 68% of the responders and in 85% of the nonresponders and irregularity in 41% of the responders and in 78% of the nonresponders were shown. Multiple logistic analysis revealed shading was the most important factor in prediction of the response to hormone therapy. CONCLUSION: Shading was an important sign in evaluating the response of endometriomas to hormone therapy. MRI may assist in selecting the appropriate therapy for endometriomas.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathology of uterine cervical carcinoma: diagnostic comparison of endorectal surface coil and standard body coil MRI.

OBJECTIVE: We compared body coil (BC) MR images and endorectal surface coil (ERC) images with respect to the visualization of the cervix and adjacent tissues and the histopathologic correlations of the imaging findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients with cervical carcinoma underwent MRI using both coils for evaluation of the cervix and adjacent tissues. In all patients, surgical confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained after imaging. RESULTS: The ERC images were superior to BC images for visualization of the cervix, parametrium, anterior vaginal wall, and posterior bladder wall (p < 0.005). The accuracy of detecting parametrial invasion by ERC and BC imaging was, respectively, 95 and 79% (p < 0.05), while the differences of accuracy between BC and ERC imaging were not statistically significant in staging or in assessing for invasion to corpus, vagina, bladder, and rectum. All the false-positive sites of parametrial invasion on BC images were diagnosed correctly on ERC images. CONCLUSION: Endorectal surface coil imaging is useful in assessing the extent of cervical carcinoma, especially parametrial invasion, because it can delineate the tumor and the normal tissues in detail.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An adult case of retropharyngeal cellulitis; diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging.

We experienced an adult case of cellulitis in the prevertebral space with retropharyngeal and danger space, and, which was suspected to be due to a fish bone stuck in the throat. Its lesion could not be demonstrated on plain radiograph, postcontrast computed tomography, or laryngoscopy, but noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the lesion and was useful in assessing the efficacy of medication.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ectopic ureter draining into seminal vesicle cyst: usefulness of MRI.

Ectopic ureter draining into seminal vesicle cyst is very rare congenital anomaly, which is thought to be caused by ectopic ureteral bud arising on the mesonephric duct. It is often associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. We experienced a case of ectopic ureter draining into seminal vesicle cyst that is associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis. Generally, an invasive modality, that is, cyst puncture, cystography, or seminal vesiculography, is essential in the confirmative diagnosis of ectopic ureter. However, we could establish a definitive diagnosis with magnetic resonance imaging.

Adult↗