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Biomedical subjects

Y Kaji

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kaji.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Distribution of glycoconjugates localized by peanut and Maclura pomifera agglutinins during mouse molar root development.

Glycolipids, glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans and sialoglycoproteins have all been implicated in a number of developmentally significant processes related to complex interactions between cell surfaces and the extracellular matrix. The present study was designed to localize glycoconjugates recognized by peanut agglutinin (PNA) and Maclura pomifera (MPA) lectins during mouse molar root development. Postnatal ICR mice at 10, 15, 21, 28 and 42 days were used. Lower jaws were dissected, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, decalcified in 5% EDTA and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were made and stained with FITC-conjugated PNA or MPA. beta-Lactose was used as an inhibitory sugar for PNA, and alpha-D-melibiose for MPA. PNA specifically stained Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS), whereas MPA stained a number of tissues. The outermost layer of root dentin, forming cellular cementum, alveolar bone and HERS showed positive reactions with MPA. Glycoconjugates localized by the lectins may be functionally related to molecules which contribute to root formation and cemento-genesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Normal female urethra and paraurethral structure--evaluation with MR imaging].

The appearance of the normal female urethra on magnetic resonance (MR) images was studied in 40 patients by means of a 1.5 Tesla unit. Morphologic characteristics and anatomic details of the urethra and pubourethral ligament were demonstrated in each patient. MR imaging depicted an outer muscle layer of low signal intensity. Medial to the outer muscle layer, the submucosa was seen as a high-signal-intensity ring, followed by an inner low-signal-intensity ring. In the mid-urethra, a central high-signal-intensity spot was seen in 38% of cases, a finding that may be related to urine and mucus within the mucosal cells. The zonal anatomy of the female urethra was obscure in the over 60 years of age. MR imaging is an excellent tool for demonstrating female urethral anatomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Diffuse endocardial thrombus in left ventricle associated with a case of hypereosinophilic syndrome.

A 16-year-old girl appeared with fever and dyspnea. In her peripheral blood, leukocytes were found to have increased up to 25,200/mm3, and eosinophils occupied 49% of the leukocyte population. By echocardiography, an abnormal echo layer which appeared to be thrombus was observed over the entire left ventricular endocardium including the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, and mild mitral valve regurgitation was noted. After treatment, the abnormal echoes were markedly reduced simultaneously with the improvement of subjective symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Left ventricular function in patients with stable systemic lupus erythematosus.

Echocardiography was used to compare the left ventricular function of 43 female patients with stable systemic lupus erythematosus with 93 healthy females in 3 age groups. Left ventricular systolic function was evaluated by the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular diastolic function was evaluated by the diastolic descent rate of the anterior mitral leaflet (DDR), the ratio of mean systolic velocity to mean diastolic velocity in the left ventricular posterior wall (D/S ratio) and the ratio of peak mitral inflow velocity during the atrial filling period to that in the early filling period (A/E ratio). The left ventricular ejection fraction was not significantly different between patients and normal subjects. However, left ventricular diastolic function evaluated by these indexes in patients was different from normal subjects. These data suggest that left ventricular diastolic function is lower in patients with stable systemic lupus erythematosus than in normal subjects. It appears to deteriorate progressively with age. However, left ventricular systolic function remains normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Acute phenytoin intoxication associated with the antineoplastic agent UFT.

Antineoplastic drugs are known to affect the intestinal wall and suppress the absorption of phenytoin (PHT), resulting in a decrease in the serum PHT level. UFT (not an abbreviation) is a mixture of uracil, which enhances the activity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and tegafur, a masked compound of 5-FU. The authors report three cases in which treatment of malignant brain tumors with UFT caused acute PHT intoxication. Two patients received PHT preoperatively at 150-200 and 270 mg/day, and showed serum PHT levels of less than 5 micrograms/ml. The third patient was started on 150 mg/day of PHT after surgery. Postoperatively, in addition to radiation therapy, each patient received 4 capsules of UFT (each containing 100 mg of tegafur) per day. Their serum PHT levels peaked at 48.2, 30.9, and 24.2 micrograms/ml, and all three exhibited clinical symptoms of acute PHT intoxication. The mechanism of interaction of these two drugs is obscure. Tegafur may compete with PHT in binding to metabolic enzymes in the liver and/or directly suppress PHT metabolism, leading to an increase in the serum PHT concentration. Therefore, when PHT is given in combination with a masked compound of 5-FU, the serum PHT level should be closely monitored.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Quantitative correlation between cardiovascular and plasma epinephrine response to mental stress.

To investigate the quantitative correlations between cardiovascular and endogenous catecholamine response to mental stress, we gave a mental arithmetic test to 20 young healthy men. A direct and non-invasive haemodynamic measurement was performed by serial M-mode echocardiography. Heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, ejection fraction, left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume ratio and plasma epinephrine increased over the baseline period during the test. The peripheral resistance and left ventricular end-systolic volume decreased, whereas left ventricular end-diastolic volume and plasma norepinephrine were unaltered. Furthermore, the degree of change in each haemodynamic parameter showing significant reaction, was well correlated with that of the increase in plasma epinephrine. The data suggest that acute mental stress induces endogenous epinephrine secretion resulting in a beta-adrenergic activated state in the cardiovascular system, namely, positive chronotropism, positive inotropism and vasodilatation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of multiple sclerosis with high CSF antibody titer to HTLV-I].

A case of multiple sclerosis (MS) in a 39 year old Japanese female with high antibody titer to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was reported. At the age of 15, gait and urinary disturbances accompanied by sensory impairment in the lower abdomen and lower extremities developed suddenly. The motor disturbance slowly progressed to tetraparesis over a period of 15 years with several remissions. At the age of 28 the patient suffered from an acute loss of visual acuity, unilateral initially, and became blind by the age of 34. On admission to our department in September, 1987, the patient was alert and had spastic paraparesis, the impairment of all sensory modalities below the level of Th 10 and urinary disturbance. Weakness of facial muscles, nystagmus, deviation of the tongue and dysarthria were also noted. By the PA method, the antibody titer to HTLV-I was measured x512 in the serum and x64 in the CSF. Western blotting analysis of the CSF disclosed the bands to p19, p24 and p28 of HTLV-I gag proteins. The CSF contained a few ATL-like atypical cells and showed mild lymphocytosis, but the total protein was not increased. The computed tomography revealed diffuse low density areas in the cerebral white matter. The magnetic resonance imaging disclosed high intensity signal areas in the cerebral white matter and in the dorsolateral portion of the medulla oblongata on the T2 weighted image. The link of HTLV-I infection to the pathogenesis of human demyelinating diseases was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of fibromuscular dysplasia presenting symptoms like moyamoya disease: "string of beads" appearance of the pericallosal artery].

We report a case of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) presenting a transient ischemic attack (TIA) like Moyamoya disease. The patient, a 16-year-old woman, had recurrent attacks of right hemiparesis induced by hyperventilation. Neurological examinations revealed no abnormality. Angiography showed severe stenosis of both anterior cerebral arteries at the proximal portion with "string of beads" appearance in the left pericallosal artery, and tubular stenosis of the left internal carotid artery at the level of the second cervical vertebra. Renal artery stenosis was not seen. A cerebral-blood-flow (CBF) study with 133Xe SPECT showed marked reduction of CBF in the left cerebral hemisphere at times of hyperventilation. Extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery was performed and histological examination of the superficial temporal artery (STA) revealed intimal fibroplasia which was compatible with FMD. Postoperative angiography showed good filling of the middle cerebral arteries from the STA. The patient has had no recurrence of TIA for a year since the operation. CBF study showed mild low CBF in the region of the left anterior cerebral arterial circulation at hyperventilation. There is no report of intracranial FMD presenting an ischemic symptom induced by hyperventilation. Clinical diagnosis of Moyamoya disease should be made carefully when extracranial vascular lesion accompanies it.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[AUFRAP therapy: combined modality treatment of malignant gliomas with intraarterial infusion of ACNU].

A method of combination therapy was proposed for the treatment of malignant gliomas, and the clinical results were reported. This combination consisted of ACNU (nimustine), UFT (tegafur + uracil), Radiation, vitamin A and PSK (krestin), and was named AUFRAP therapy. Intracarotid infusion of ACNU (100 or 150 mg/body) was done after the administration of vitamin A (100,000 units), in the first and last week of radiation therapy with a total dose of 60-70 Gy. UFT (400-600 mg/day) and PSK (3g/day) were also given orally. After the induction of remission, patients were treated in the outpatient clinic under a similar maintaining protocol. Two patients who received 150 mg of ACNU and daily 600 mg of UFT in combination with radiation therapy showed severe myelosuppression in the early stage of treatment, and the combination therapy was aborted. Two of four patients who received 100mg of ACNU and daily 400mg of UFT did not show such severe side effects and two showed transient, moderate myelosuppression and vomiting. The serum phenitoin concentration doubled and was thought to be a side effect of tegafur. All four patients completed the induction protocol and follow-up CT scans disclosed shrinkage of the remained tumors, decreased contrast enhancement or no evidence of recurrence. Interactions of these drugs and radiation were discussed and the literature was reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Enterotoxigenic Staphylococci of canine origin.

Enterotoxigenic staphylococci were isolated from cecum and rectum from 26 (5.8%) of 451 dogs. Of the 30 enterotoxigenic staphylococci isolated, 14 (46.7%) belonged to biotype E, which has been considered to be of canine origin (Baird-Parker's classification modified by Hájek and Marsálek). They produced exclusively enterotoxin type C. This is the first evidence of enterotoxigenic staphylococci of canine origin.

Animals↗