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Biomedical subjects

Y Kagami

Publications and source records attributed to Y Kagami.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA for a novel phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-responsive gene that is highly expressed in an adult T-cell leukemia cell line.

To identify gene products that might be involved in leukemogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), we constructed a cDNA library from an ATL tumor cell line named IKD. By differential plaque hybridization using [32P]cDNAs of poly(A)+ RNA from IKD cells and a human T-lymphotropic virus type I-infected T-cell line (C91/PL) as probes and RNA blot analysis, we obtained a single cDNA clone of a gene that is highly expressed in IKD cells. Expression of this gene was also detected in fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells of several ATL patients but not in those of healthy donors. Sequence analysis showed that the cDNA was that of a previously undescribed gene. On structural analysis of the cDNA (1,897 base pairs), a short open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 54 amino acid residues was found. Exposure of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a T-cell lymphoma cell line (Jurkat), and quiescent human embryonic lung cells to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate resulted in rapid, transient expression of 2.0-kilobase mRNA of this gene. This induction of the gene was not inhibited by an inhibitor of protein synthesis, cycloheximide. From these findings, we suggest that this gene, named APR, is a member of the cellular immediate-early-response genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Chronic cytopenia associated with T8 lymphocytosis successfully treated with glucocorticoids].

We reported a prednisolone effective case of T 8 lymphocytosis. The patient was 83 years old male, who had suffered from hypoplastic anemia for more than 5 years before he admitted to our hospital. His blood picture was peculiar because adding to granulocytopenia, CD8 (+) large granular lymphocytes were dominant among his lymphocytes. A few days after administration of bolus methylprednisolone, prominent reticulocytosis and rapid improvement of anemia occurred and the latter continued for more than 1 year. We performed in vitro study on the mechanism of his cytopenias. The result of Southern blot analysis showed that his blood lymphocytes had a unique rearranged pattern of T cell receptor beta chain gene. Mononuclear cells had an inhibitory effect on autologous and allogenic CFU-E colony formation of bone marrow cells. These facts suggest that colony proliferating CD8 (+) lymphocytes had an inhibitory effect on erythropoiesis in vivo, and prednisolone blocked this inhibitory pathway in this patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of cefbuperazone in severe infections complicated with hematological disorders].

The efficacy and the safety of an antibiotic in cephamycin group, cefbuperazone (CBPZ), were investigated in 93 patients with severe infections complicated with hematological disorders. The efficacy evaluation was made in 85 cases with underlying hematological disorders including 49 cases (57.6%) of leukemia and 18 cases (21.2%) of malignant lymphoma. The overall efficacy rate was 50.6% of the 85 evaluable cases. The clinical efficacy rate for sepsis and suspected sepsis was 53.4%. The most frequently used group of antibiotics for combination therapy was aminoglycosides in 37 cases, in which an efficacy rate of 62.2%, a higher rate than the efficacy rate of 48.5% for all the combination therapy cases, was obtained. In 16 cases in which penicillins were used as combination drug, the efficacy rate obtained was low, 31.3%. Efficacy rates obtained for cases with different neutrophil counts at the start of therapies were as follows: 52.2% in 23 cases with neutrophil counts below 100/mm3, 46.2% in 13 cases with neutrophil counts between 100 and 499/mm3 and 51.3% in 39 cases with neutrophil counts equal to or above 500/mm3, thus no significant differences in efficacy rates were observed for patients with different neutrophil counts. These results appear to suggest that CBPZ, alone or in combination with other antibiotic such as aminoglycosides, may be quite useful in the treatment of severe infections in patients with hematological disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The AMeX method: a multipurpose tissue-processing and paraffin-embedding method. II. Extraction of spooled DNA and its application to Southern blot hybridization analysis.

In our previous report, we described a new fixation and paraffin-embedding method (the AMeX method) that preserves many of the antigens that are normally destroyed by routine formalin fixation. The current study was conducted to examine the preservation of high-molecular-weight DNA in tissues processed by this method. DNA was extracted from AMeX-processed tissue sections after deparaffinization by the same method as that used to extract DNA from fresh tissues. The total amounts of DNA extracted from 10 mg each in wet weight of AMeX-processed and fresh mouse liver tissues were identical. In tissues of malignant lymphoma, the total amount of spooled DNA extracted from 50 sections, each 20 microns thick, was about 8 micrograms/mm2. The electrophoretic pattern of DNA digested with restriction endonucleases on agarose gel from AMeX-processed tissue sections did not differ from that of fresh materials. Southern blot hybridization analysis also revealed that the mobility of specific DNA fragments was identical for AMeX-processed and fresh tissues. The AMeX method was thus proved to be a versatile multipurpose tissue-processing procedure, which is expected to provide important information regarding the correlation between morphology, phenotypic expression, and gene alteration.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with multi-drug chemotherapy and radiotherapy].

Multi-drug chemotherapy containing cisplatin has been reported to be one of the most active chemotherapy regimens in advanced or recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, the current status of clinical investigation of combination chemotherapies is reviewed. And our data are presented in head and neck cancer with multi-drug chemotherapy containing cisplatin. Thirty-five patients of stage 3-4 and 70 patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were treated by multi-drug chemotherapy containing cisplatin, and radiotherapy and/or operation. The overall response rate was 71.4%, with 17.1% complete remission in previously untreated, locally advanced patients and 31.4% in recurrent or metastatic patients. Problems of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and future direction of clinical study in locally advanced or recurrent head and neck cancer are discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Radiotherapy and chemotherapy of esophageal cancer].

Radiotherapy for esophageal cancer is an available modality as well as surgery. Since radiotherapy for esophageal cancer is generally used for those patients with inoperable extensive disease, radiotherapy alone is unsatisfactory. New methods of radiotherapy are intracavitary treatment, hyperfractionation etc. Combination chemotherapy, especially including CDDP, seems to be more effective than single agents. Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is used by many investigators in an attempt to improve both local control and the cure rate of esophageal cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Antiemetic efficacy of betamethasone versus betamethasone combined with metoclopramide in cisplatin-treated cancer patients].

This study was designed to compare the antiemetic effect of betamethasone alone with that of betamethasone combined with metoclopramide. Forty-seven patients on chemotherapeutic regimens including cisplatin were entered into this study. Betamethasone was given in 4 doses of 20 mg/body at 30 minutes before and at 2.5 and 8 hours after cisplatin. Metoclopramide was given in 4 doses of 1mg/kg on the same schedule. Within 24 hours after the administration of cisplatin, no vomiting was observed in 42.9% of the patients treated with betamethasone alone and in 76.9% with betamethasone and metoclopramide. Betamethasone combined with metoclopramide was superior to betamethasone alone for the antiemetic effect in cisplatin-treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Concurrent adult T-cell leukemia and acute myeloblastic leukemia.

A 49-year-old man developed adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) at the same time. Using Southern blotting analysis, the leukemic cells of the ATL were found to contain the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) proviral genome, whereas those of the AML did not, indicating the HTLV-I not to be associated with the AML oncogenesis. At the initial presentation, the serum anti-HTLV-I antibody was judged on screening by a routine particle-agglutination (PA) test and an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IF) to be negative. By Western blotting analysis, however, the serum was proved to be positive for anti-HTLV-I antibody. These results indicate that a routine PA-test and an IF may show false negative reactions on very rare occasions of low antibody titer. This is the first report of a coincidence of ATL with another type of leukemia.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1988

A soluble-factor(s) secreted by a human skin cancer cell line supports clonal growth of adult T-cell leukemia cells.

Leukemic cells from four out of eight patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) were successfully grown by cocultivation with HSC-I cells, a human skin cancer cell line, in the presence of interleukin-2. Three of these four cultures of growing cells showed rearrangement of the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene like the original leukemic cells in vivo, and also showed conservation of the patterns of HTLV-I integration of the original leukemic cells in vivo. Cell-to-cell contact between HSC-I cells and leukemic cells was not necessary for growth of the leukemic cells. The results indicate that some soluble growth factor secreted by HSC-I cells and interleukin-2 are required for the in vitro growth of leukemic cells from some patients with adult T-cell leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clinicopathologic, immunophenotypic, and immunogenotypic analyses of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma.

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-like T-cell lymphoma is a distinct peripheral T-cell lymphoma, which closely resembles angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD) and/or IBL, but is characterized by focal or sheet-like proliferation of immunoblasts and pale cells of T-cell nature. In this report, 36 patients with IBL-like T-cell lymphoma were analyzed. The disease is clinically characterized by generalized lymph node swelling, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, skin rash, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, marked male predominance, predilection for the elderly, and poor prognosis. There was no association with human T-cell leukemia virus type I or human immunodeficiency virus. IBL-like T-cell lymphoma may be divided into two categories (CD4+ type and CD8+ type) by surface marker analysis. It can also be divided into three categories on the basis of the histologic findings of distribution of morphologically recognizable tumor cells: nine cases of "inconspicuous type," six cases of "patchy type," and 21 cases of "diffuse type." Two cases of "inconspicuous type" converted later to "diffuse type." DNA hybridization analyses in the ten recent cases revealed that three of four "inconspicuous types" and five of six "diffuse types" showed clonal rearrangement of T-cell receptor-beta chain gene without rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene, providing strong evidence for clonal proliferation of T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Efficacy and problems of radio- and chemo-combination therapy for malignant bone tumors].

In this study we reviewed cases of osteosarcoma, malignant lymphoma of bone and Ewing's sarcoma. Historically, osteosarcoma was unresponsive to chemotherapy. Most patients were treated by radiation or amputation alone and 80% of them died from pulmonary metastasis within 2 years. Five-year survival rate was 13%. Introduction of ADM, HD-MTX and CDDP improved dramatically the prognosis of these cases. Five-year survival rate was 60%. On the other hand, 11 cases of malignant lymphoma of bone and 4 cases of Ewing's sarcoma were treated by radiation with no local recurrence. VEPA or CHOP chemotherapy was used for the former with a five-year survival rate of 45%. For the latter, T-11 protocol (Rosen) was applied, and all patients survive with no metastasis. Other organ injuries circulatory disturbance, bone necrosis and growth-disturbance of bone in radiotherapy, myocardiopathy caused by ADM and renal toxicity of CDDP are all problematic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The usefulness of intracavitary brachytherapy in esophageal cancer].

Two different irradiation methods for the treatment of esophageal cancer have been compared and analyzed. One group of 146 patients were treated by external irradiation alone at the Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, while another group, consisting of 76 patients, were treated by external irradiation combined with booster intracavitary brachytherapy utilizing Radium-226 tubes at the National Sapporo Hospital. The patients that were treated by the addition of booster intracavitary brachytherapy showed a better response than the patients treated by external irradiation alone, with respect to the local control rate and survival. Booster intracavitary brachytherapy was found to be a more effective method for patients with esophageal smaller lesions and/or patients manifesting the serrated spiral, or funnel type lesions in their X-rays.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1987

A unique T-cell line derived from an HTLV-1-negative adult T-cell leukemia patient.

A unique T-cell line, designated ATL-5T, was established from lymphoma cells in pericardial effusion of an adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patient not carrying HTLV-1 provirus. The cell line is OKT4 and/or Leu3a+ and OKT8 and/or Leu2a+, but interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R)- and HTLV-1 provirus genome negative, and has cytogenetically abnormal karyotypes. The cell line contains rearranged T-cell receptor beta-chain gene, which was identical in rearrangement pattern to the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene in primary cells. These results suggest that factors other than HTLV-1 may sometimes be associated with HTLV-1-negative ATL. The ATL-5T cell line we describe here is unique, and should contribute to further elucidation of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of HTLV-1-negative ATL and HTLV-1-positive ATL.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMed1987

[UFT in esophageal cancer: a report of two cases].

We report two patients with esophageal cancer who responded to UFT. The patients were a 71-year-old female and a 61-year-old male, both of whom had recurrent disease in the esophagus or abdominal lymph nodes. They had received previous treatment consisting of radiotherapy and chemotherapy containing cisplatin, methotrexate and peplomycin. Each patient was administered UFT 400 mg/day p.o. No toxic effect was seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[The dose of radiotherapy in esophageal cancer combined with external beams and intracavitary radium brachytherapy].

Between 1974 and 1982, 78 primary esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were treated by external irradiation combined with additional intracavitary radium therapy. 50 to 60 Gy were given by external irradiation, and 5 to 20 Gy were delivered on the surface of the esophageal mucosa. The combined dose ranged from TDF 110 to 140 on the esophageal mucosa and TDF 95 to 120 at a depth of 5 mm from the esophageal mucosa. The 5-year survival rate was 19.3% by this combined radiotherapy alone. We conclude that the optimal dose of the combined therapy for esophageal cancer ranges from TDF 95 to 120 at a depth of 5 mm from the esophageal mucosa.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Brachytherapy of cancer].

Brachytherapy is one of most effective methods of radiotherapy for cancer, and therefore, low-dose-rate brachytherapy is widely used for carcinoma of the uterus and carcinoma of the tongue. Between 1974 and 1983, 76 primary thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were treated with external irradiation combined with additional intracavitary radium therapy at the National Sapporo Hospital. The esophageal primary control rate was 34% and the 5-year survival rate was 24.1%. We believe that external irradiation therapy followed by additional intracavitary radium irradiation produces good results. Also, from 1982, 30 patients with small residual or unresectable tumors received interstitial irradiation using an after-loading technique and iridium-192 seeds. Eighteen of these 30 patients treated with iridium-192 were recurrent cases, and 20 had outer tubes intra-operatively inserted into the tumor following iridium-192 irradiation. Ten of these patients had brain tumor, nine had cancer of the head and neck, and each of the remaining fifteen had the following malignancies: lung cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, uterus cancer, skin cancer and soft tissue sarcoma. Overall 4-year survival was 17.1% in among the patients treated with Ir 192. Favorable preliminary results from these patients and those of various clinical trials on the extension of indications for brachytherapy were also reported.

Adult↗