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Biomedical subjects

Y K Joshi

Publications and source records attributed to Y K Joshi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Etiological spectrum of viral hepatitis and prevalence of markers of hepatitis A and B virus infection in north India.

The etiological spectrum of viral hepatitis and the prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis A and B virus infection in healthy persons in north India were studied. Hepatitis A virus was found to be the most common cause of acute hepatitis in children (67%). It was a less frequent cause of this disease in adults (14%). Hepatitis A virus was only rarely the cause of acute (12%) and subacute (4%) liver failure. It was recorded as the etiological agent in an epidemic among schoolchildren. Exposure to hepatitis A virus occurs in early childhood, and by the age of 10 years, 90% of healthy persons have serological evidence of hepatitis A virus infection.Hepatitis non-A non-B virus was the cause of acute hepatitis in 44% of adults and 24% of children with this disease. This virus was also the most important etiological agent in acute liver failure (55%) and subacute hepatic failure (51%). It was the cause of all the hepatitis epidemics in the general population.Only 9% of hepatitis cases in children were due to hepatitis B virus whereas 42% of cases in adults were attributable to this virus. Hepatitis B virus was the causative agent in 33% of cases of acute hepatic failure and 45% of cases of subacute hepatic failure. The carrier rate for hepatitis B virus was 5% and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen was found in up to 38% of specific population groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Acute viral hepatitis with bridging necrosis. Collaborative study on chronic hepatitis.

Bridging necrosis was recorded in 14% of 361 patients with acute viral hepatitis on examination of the liver biopsy. The clinical and biochemical features of acute viral hepatitis with bridging necrosis were compared with acute viral hepatitis with no bridging necrosis (NBN). It was noted that fever of more than 8 days' duration in the preicteric phase, the presence of mild ascites and pedal edema during the icteric phase, increasing or persistently high levels of serum bilirubin even 4 weeks after the onset of the icteric phase and positive hepatitis-B surface antigen were significantly more common in acute viral hepatitis with bridging necrosis. Hepatitis-B surface antigen clearance was slow in this group. The long-term complication of chronic hepatitis was more frequent in patients with acute viral hepatitis with bridging necrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Subacute hepatic failure; is it a distinct entity?

We prospectively studied patients with subacute hepatic failure due to subacute hepatitis to find out 1) its relative prevalence compared to acute liver failure due to fulminant hepatitis and chronic liver failure due to chronic active hepatitis; 2) its clinical, biochemical, and morphological hepatitis; 3) the role of virus B in its etiology; and 4) its prognosis and whether there were any predictors of bad prognosis. Thirty-three patients with subacute hepatic failure were registered during a 3-year period. Persistent or progressively deepening jaundice of 8 weeks duration and development of moderate to sever ascites in patients starting otherwise typical features of acute viral hepatitis, defined the subacute hepatic failure group. The characteristic features included moderate to deep icterus, ascites, and peripheral edema; encephalopathy and gastrointestinal bleeding were infrequent. Liver function tests were abnormal but not diagnostic. Submassive and bridging necrosis of the liver were the main histological findings. Virus B etiology was recorded in 42% of the patients. Mortality was 66%. This condition is highly fatal and not infrequent in India.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Lactose intolerance in North and South Indians.

A multicenter study was carried out in India to determine the incidence of lactose intolerance in healthy volunteers from different parts of the country. The incidence was found to be 66.6% in the subjects from two South Indian centers at Trivandrum and Pondicherry. In contrast, the incidence in the subjects from a North Indian center in New Delhi was much lower, i.e., 27.4% (p less than 0.001). The lower incidence in the North Indian subjects may perhaps be due to the fact that they are descendants of the Aryans who have been dairying for long and are known to be lactose tolerant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

An epidemic of veno-occlusive disease of liver in central India.

An outbreak of veno-occlusive disease which was probably caused by consumption of cereals mixed with seeds of a plant (Crotalaria sp.) containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids occurred in the Sarguja district of India in November-December 1975. 42% of the 67 recorded cases died.

Adolescent↗