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Biomedical subjects

Y K Batra

Publications and source records attributed to Y K Batra.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Cerebrospinal fluid pressure changes during the induction phase of anaesthesia.

Cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) by lumbar puncture, systemic blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR) were measured for 15 minutes during the induction phase of general anaesthesia in seven groups of six healthy female patients each. Intravenous drugs, thiopentopne 5 mg . kg-1, alfathesin 50 microliters . kg-1 and diazepam 0.5 mg . kg-1 given in 10 to 20 seconds caused a fall of CSFP and BP, whereas ketamine 2 mg . kg-1 and a three-minute induction with halothane three per cent, trichloroethylene one per cent, or methoxyflurane 0.75 per cent caused a sharp highly significant but short-lived rise of CSFP. Unlike ketamine, trichlorethylene and methoxyflurane, halothane caused a simultaneous significant fall of BP. To rule out apprehension as the cause of the rise of CSFP with inhalation agents a second challenge was given with similar concentrations of the vapours while patients were asleep. These still produced a sharp and significant rise of CSFP.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of coagulating and cutting current on a demand pacemaker during transurethral resection of the prostate. A case report.

Electromagnetic interference from diathermy apparatus can be a real hazard in a patient with a demand pacemaker. A case is reported in which the cutting current of transurethral electrocautery deactivated an implanted pacemaker, while coagulating current did not alter pacemaker activity. Therefore frequent short bursts of cutting current were used for successful resection of the prostate. This case emphasizes the need for vigilant care of patients with demand pacemakers requiring transurethral resection.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Corneal abrasions during general anesthesia.

The eyes of 200 healthy adult patients undergoing general anesthesia were stained with fluorescein strips for detection of corneal abrasion in the immediate postoperative period. Twenty-six of 59 patients in whom the eyes remained partly open showed positive staining--an incidence of 44 percent. The remaining 141 patients in whom the eyes were naturally closed or protected with adhesive tape or vaseline gauze did not develop exposure keratitis. It is suggested that covering of eyes is necessary in all cases undergoing general anesthesia so as to avoid this frequent complication of anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Domiciliary mechanical ventilation in a patient with severe chronic obstructive lung disease and respiratory failure.

A patient of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with cor-pulmonale and chronic respiratory failure, who was given intermittent positive pressure ventilation at home, is reported. The patient did remarkably well on home mechanical ventilatory support. We believe this to be the first case report of domiciliary mechanical ventilation in a patient of COPD from India.

Home Care Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infection rates in single- and double-lumen central venous catheters in critically ill patients.

BACKGROUND: Catheter-related sepsis is a well known complication in critically ill patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. Micro-organisms may travel from the skin puncture wound along the external surface of the catheter or from the hub through the lumen of the catheter, to be shed into the circulation causing bacteraemia and sepsis. The incidence of sepsis is said to be about three times greater with multiple-lumen catheters than with single-lumen catheters. METHODS: Fifty patients admitted to our intensive care unit were randomly assigned to have either a single-lumen (Group I, 25 patients) or double-lumen (Group II, 25 patients) hydromer-coated, polyurethane central venous catheters of the same gauge and length, placed through the infraclavicular subclavian approach using the Seldinger technique. A sterile dry gauze dressing at the skin puncture site was changed every day. Skin swabs were taken for semi-quantitative culture studies before catheter insertion and removal, from the proximal 3 cm (lying subcutaneously) and distal 5 cm of the catheter segments on removal of the catheter, and venous blood was drawn from a peripheral vein before removal of the catheter. RESULTS: The most common isolate was coagulase negative Staphylococcus. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the incidence of catheter-related infection and catheter-related sepsis. CONCLUSION: Double-lumen central venous catheters placed in critically ill patients do not cause more sepsis than single-lumen catheters.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of mechanical ventilation in acute severe asthma.

During the last 4 years, fifty-seven patients of acute severe asthma (ASA) were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Twenty-three patients required mechanical ventilation (MV) on 25 occasions. Indications to intubate were persistent hypoxia (PaO2 < or = 55 mm Hg) or hypercapnia with respiratory acidosis (64%), abnormal mentation (24%) and respiratory arrest (12%). All the patients were monitored for clinical features, arterial blood gases (ABG) and peak airway pressure (PAP). During MV, there was one case of pneumothorax (4%), seven (28%) cases of transient hypertension and one (4%) patient died. Mean duration of MV was 3 days and the outcome was favourable. Therefore, resorting to aggressive treatment early in the course of disease proves life saving in acute severe asthma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibreoptic assessment of post intubation laryngotracheal injuries.

The use of endotracheal intubation for respiratory support of critically ill patients has become a standard life saving form of therapy. Most complications of intubation become apparent only after extubation which may manifest in the early or late post extubation period. This study was undertaken to demonstrate the occurrence and extent of laryngotracheal injuries in intubated patients by performing flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy at varying intervals following extubation. It was found that initial laryngoscopy findings were more pronounced in patients intubated for upto twelve days. Furthermore, it was also observed that the initial laryngeal pathology seen on fibreoptic laryngoscopy was not an accurate predictor for the development of adverse post extubation sequelae. Maxillary sinusitis developed significantly in patients intubated nasally. Routine flexible fibreoptic examination of the larynx following extubation is recommended for early detection of granulomas, synechia of vocal cords and vocal cord immobility to prevent troublesome sequelae.

Adult↗