[Mechanism of tongue figure formation].
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Diagnosis, Differential↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Jin
Publications and source records attributed to Y Jin.
[Analysis on skin allergy of rural residents in Anqing area].
To investigate the allergy reaction of rural residents against 12 categories sensibiligen, 9,232 sensibiligen peasants from rural areas of Anqing were observed by 12 categories sensibiligen in skin(methods: point thron). If the diameter of papule erygthema was bigger than that of histamines of control, the reaction was considered to be positive. All cata was analyzed by sas software. The results showed that the allergy reaction degrees were different among the groups with different genders and ages. Family susceptibility was noticed.
China↗
[Impacts of clinicopathologic parameters on lymphatic metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of clinicopathologic parameters on lymphatic metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: One hundred and ninety-three patients who underwent therapy in our department were included in this study. Ten parameters (T and N stages, location, patterns of invasion, thickness, lymphocyte infiltration, karyokinesis count, degrees of differentiation, degrees of cell keratinization and nuclear polymorph) were evaluated to determine their effects on lymphatic metastasis of oral carcinoma using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: By using the univariate analysis, five parameters (T and N stage, pattern and depth of invasion, lymphocyte infiltration) showed significant impacts on pathologic nodal metastasis. From multivariate analysis, however, only patterns of invasion were independent predictors of metastasis. Also, patterns of invasion were the only significant factors that influence the post-operative metastasis besides pattern of neck treatment. CONCLUSION: The pattern of invasion is the most important parameter that influences the metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Adult↗
[Analysis of the expression of BMP-2,3,4,5 in nerve sheath tumors of maxillofacial region].
OBJECTIVE: The aim of present study is to elucidate the relationship between the members of BMP family and the neoplasms of peripheral nerve. METHODS: Eight cases of schwannoma and three cases of malignant schwannoma were collected and all samples were fixed with 10% neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin wax. Five microns thickness sections were prepared for staining with haematoxylin and eosin for histopathological assessment and processed for in situ hybridization for assessing the mRNA transcriptions of BMP-2,3,4,5. Sections of osteosarcoma that previously demonstrated consistent expression of BMP-2 mRNA were included in each batch of staining to serve as positive control. RESULTS: The results showed that all of the neoplastic lesions of nerve sheath showed a consistent expression of BMP-2,3,4,5. The positive signals of benign lesions were obviously increased in the palisading area or the area of accumulated cells. There was no detectable staining in the matrix of tumour and collagenous fiber. The staining intensity was relatively and slightly weak in cells of Antoni B tissue when compared with Antoni A tissue. Nevertheless, the tumour cells in Antoni B tissue also showed BMP-2,3,4 and 5 positively staining. The fibroblasts of schwannoma were negatively stained. The malignant lesions showed higher expression signals of BMPs than benign lesions. CONCLUSION: The results can be concluded that the selected members of BMPs may be involved in the process of growth and progression of the neoplasms of peripheral nerve.
Adult↗
[The quantitative analysis of cyclin D1 expression in RA-treated and non-RA-treated ectomesenchymal cells in vitro].
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the alteration of Cyclin D1 protein between RA-treated and the non-RA-treated ectomesenchymal cells in embryonic mice. METHODS: Ectomesenchymal cells in the developing orofacial processes were explanted from embryonic BALB/c mice on generation day 12(15) (the 15th hour of the 12th day). Primary cells were cultured using the tissue mass method. The variants of growth curves were examined in the RA-treated and normal groups. Protein of Cyclin D1 was detected using immunohistochemistry. The positive degree of Cyclin D1 staining was analyzed using image analysis. RESULTS: The findings showed that the growth of ectomesenchymal cells was inhibited dramatically. Cyclin D1 expressed strongly in normal ectomesenchymal cells. However, its expression decreased evidently after RA-treated. There was significant difference between the test group and the normal group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Low expression of Cyclin D1 may contribute to the inhibition of ectomesenchymal cells. It is necessary for Cyclin D1 to express appropriately during the normal meiosis of ectomesenchymal cells.
Animals↗
[Development of integrated capillary electrophoresis chips].
Capillary electrophoresis in its different operation modes has been demonstrated that it is suitable to be integrated into a planar microdevice which is called integrated capillary electrophoresis chip (ICE chip) or microchip. The use of microfabrication and micromachining allows the integration of complex channel nets and functional units such as pre- and post-column reaction chambers on a single chip, providing good sensitivity and high separation efficiency with low reagent consumption and short analysis time. In the last 10 years an important number of publications have been reported in this area. In the present paper, the development and applications are systematically reviewed with 39 references.
Amino Acids↗
[Analysis of carbon number and ethylene oxide number distribution in alcohol ethoxylates by HPLC/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry].
Alcohol ethoxylates (AEO) of the formula RO(CH2CH2O)nH are an increasingly important class of nonionic surfactants. They are not single component but a complex mixture with a distribution of alkyl and ethoxylate groups. The average number of ethoxylate groups can greatly influence the characteristics of surfactants. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to separate alcohol ethoxylates(AEO) by alkyl and ethoxylate groups. Coupled with on line electrospray mass spectrometry, chromatographic peaks were assigned according to their mass spectra. Using this method, we succeeded in determining the distribution of LION AEO3 (Dobanox25c), which has an alkyl chain with 12, 13, 14 and 15 carbon atoms. Its ethylene oxide numbers vary from 1 to 12. The reason of distortion of the pseudo-molecule-ion intensity is also explained. The response of the MS detector for AEO species increased exponentially as the EO number increased from 1 to 6, after that, the increasing trend became moderate.
Alcohols↗
[An experiment on disinfection using high power microwave].
This experimental disinfection was intended to examine the effect of high power microwave on bacteria, and the putative nonthermal effect. The bacteria of the experimental groups were irradiated by high power microwave in different intensities and time and were compared with the controls--bacteria heated only. The principles of disinfection by means of high power microwave were studied. The results showed that the temperature did not change after the dry bacteria were irradiated by high power microwave in different intensities and time, but the number of bacteria alive decreased significantly(P < 0.05). The high power microwave's effect of disinfection was greater in the wet bacteria group than in the dry bacteria group and the bacteria heated group. These data indicate that the disinfection effect of high power microwave is higher than that of heating. High power microwave can kill dry bacteria, and it has the nonthermal effect in addition to its thermal effect.
Disinfection↗
[Expression of simian virus 40 large T-antigen and p53 protein in chinchilla middle ear epithelial cell line and its significance].
OBJECTIVE: To identify the expression of simian virus 40 large T-antigen (SV40TAg) and p53 protein in the cell nuclei of chinchilla middle ear epithelial cell line and explore the significance of the expression. METHODS: To examine the expression of SV40TAg and p53 protein in cell nuclei of chinchilla middle ear epithelial cell which had been infected and had not been infected with Ad 12-SV40 hybrid virus by immunocytochemistry method. RESULTS: All of the cell nuclei in 1 of 8 culturing dishes which infected with the Ad12-SV40 virus expressed the SV40TAg and p53 protein and had cultured over 46 passages. They have become a cell line. All of the cells in rest 7 culturing dishes and the control cells did not express the SV40TAg and p53 protein in their nuclei and died after culturing 6-8 passages. CONCLUSION: The SV40TAg and p53 protein play some important role in process of cell immortalization. The expression of SV40TAg and p53 protein in cell nuclei of CMEE-1 cell line has close interrelations with establishing the CMEE-1 cell line.
Animals↗
[Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in human esophageal biopsies from carcinoma and precancerous lesions].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in esophageal carcinogenesis. METHODS: iNOS expressions in normal epithelial cells(NC), hyperplastic cells(HC), atypical hyperplastic cells(AHC) from grade I to III, carcinoma in situ(CIS), squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), and adenocarcinoma(ADC) were detected with immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The positive rates of immunohistochemistry staining was 0 for NC, 2.5% for HC, 4.0%, 7.5% and 2.5% for AHC grade I to III respectively, 1.4% for CIS, 8.5% for SCC and 71.4% for ADC. CONCLUSIONS: There is a high expression of iNOS in human esophageal adenocarcinomas. Frequent expression of iNOS may be a potential event in ADC carcinogenesis. There is no correlation between iNOS and SCC carcinogenesis.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Changes of corneal endothelium in patients with primary glaucoma].
OBJECTIVE: To study the density and morphology of corneal endothelium in patients with primary glaucoma. METHODS: 125 eyes of 68 patients with glaucoma were compared with 63 eyes of 32 patients without glaucoma in the same age group. Exclusion criteria included history of corneal disease, ocular inflammation, trauma, contact lens wearing and surgery. The following date were recorded: type and duration of glaucoma, glaucoma medications, and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement. Non-contact specular microscope was performed on the central cornea, endothelial images were analyzed by computer. RESULTS: Corneal endothelium density was significantly lower in patients with glaucoma[(2386.81 +/- 289.76)/mm2] than that in controls [(2540.78 +/- 195.66)/mm2]. Cell density of primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG) [(2262.65 +/- 338.64)/mm2] was significantly low, especially in acute PACG[(1925.16 +/- 403.38)/mm2]. The area of endothelium became bigger than normal. But the endothelium density and morphology of primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG) and non-acute PACG had no changes. No correlation was found between mean recent IOP and endothelium density. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that patients with acute PACG might have lower corneal endothelium density and bigger cell area than those without glaucoma in the same age group. The endothelium density and morphology of POAG and non-acute PACG were as similar as those of normal persons.
Adult↗
Arginine vasopressin gene expression in supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamous following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.
BACKGROUND: Our previous studies indicated that the increased arginine vasopressin (AVP) in ischemic brain regions of gerbils could exacerbate the ischemic brain edema. This experiments is further clarify the relation between AVP and cerebral ischemia at the molecular level. METHODS: The contents of AVP, AVP mRNA, AVP immunoreactive (ir) neurons in supraoptic nucleus(SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion were respectively determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunocytochemistry (II C), situ hybridization and computed image pattern analysis. RESULTS: The contents of AVP in SON, PVN were increased, and the AVP ir positive neurons in SON and PVN were also significantly increased as compared with the controls after ischemia and reperfusion. And there were very light staining of AVP ir positive neurons in the other brain areas such as suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC) and periventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PE), but these have no significant changes as compared with the controls. During different periods of cerebral ischemia (30 approximately 120 min) and reperfusion (30 min), AVP mRNA expression in SON and PVN were more markedly increased than the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The transcription of AVP gene elevated, then promoting synthesis and release of AVP in SON, PVN. Under the specific condition of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the activity and contents of central AVP increased abnormally is one of the important factors which causes ischemia brain damage.
Animals↗
Ex vivo cultured megakaryocytes express functional glycoprotein IIb-IIIa receptors and are capable of adenovirus-mediated transgene expression.
Investigation of the molecular basis of megakaryocyte (MK) and platelet biology has been limited by an inadequate source of genetically manipulable cells exhibiting physiologic MK and platelet functions. We hypothesized that ex vivo cultured MKs would exhibit agonist inducible glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa activation characteristic of blood platelets and that these cultured MKs would be capable of transgene expression. Microscopic and flow cytometric analyses confirmed that human hematopoietic stem cells cultured in the presence of pegylated recombinant human MK growth and development factor (PEG-rHuMGDF) differentiated into morphologic and phenotypic MKs over 2 weeks. Cultured MKs expressed functional GPIIb-IIIa receptors as assessed by agonist inducible soluble fibrinogen and PAC1 binding. The specificity and kinetics of fibrinogen binding to MK GPIIb-IIIa receptors were similar to those described for blood platelets. The reversibility and internalization of ligands bound to MK GPIIb-IIIa also shared similarities with those observed in platelets. Cultured MKs were transduced with an adenoviral vector encoding green fluorescence protein (GFP) or beta-galactosidase (beta-gal). Efficiency of gene transfer increased with increasing multiplicities of infection and incubation time, with 45% of MKs expressing GFP 72 hours after viral infection. Transduced MKs remained capable of agonist induced GPIIb-IIIa activation. Thus, ex vivo cultured MKs (1) express agonist responsive GPIIb-IIIa receptors, (2) are capable of expressing transgenes, and (3) may prove useful for investigation of the molecular basis of MK differentiation and GPIIb-IIIa function.
Adenoviridae↗
The human bone marrow as an immunoregulatory organ.
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Animals↗
The liprin protein SYD-2 regulates the differentiation of presynaptic termini in C. elegans.
At synaptic junctions, specialized subcellular structures occur in both pre- and postsynaptic cells. Most presynaptic termini contain electron-dense membrane structures, often referred to as active zones, which function in vesicle docking and release. The components of those active zones and how they are formed are largely unknown. We report here that a mutation in the Caenorhabditis elegans syd-2 (for synapse-defective) gene causes a diffused localization of several presynaptic proteins and of a synaptic-vesicle membrane associated green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that the active zones of syd-2 mutants were significantly lengthened, whereas the total number of vesicles per synapse and the number of vesicles at the prominent active zones were comparable to those in wild-type animals. Synaptic transmission is partially impaired in syd-2 mutants. syd-2 encodes a member of the liprin (for LAR-interacting protein) family of proteins which interact with LAR-type (for leukocyte common antigen related) receptor proteins with tyrosine phosphatase activity (RPTPs). SYD-2 protein is localized at presynaptic termini independently of the presence of vesicles, and functions cell autonomously. We propose that SYD-2 regulates the differentiation of presynaptic termini in particular the formation of the active zone, by acting as an intracellular anchor for RPTP signalling at synaptic junctions.
Aldicarb↗
Coordinated transcriptional regulation of the unc-25 glutamic acid decarboxylase and the unc-47 GABA vesicular transporter by the Caenorhabditis elegans UNC-30 homeodomain protein.
An important aspect of the specification of neuronal fate is the choice of neurotransmitter. In Caenorhabditis elegans the neurotransmitter GABA is synthesized by the UNC-25 glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and packaged into synaptic vesicles by the UNC-47 transporter. Both unc-25 and unc-47 are expressed in 26 GABAergic neurons of five different types. Previously, we have identified that the unc-30 homeobox gene controls the fate of 19 type D GABAergic neurons. We report here that the UNC-30 homeodomain protein transcriptionally regulates the expression of unc-25 and unc-47 in the 19 type D neurons. UNC-30 bound to the unc-25 and unc-47 promoters sequence-specifically. Mutations in the UNC-30 binding sites of the unc-25 and unc-47 promoters abolished the expression of reporter genes in the D neurons. The ectopic expression of UNC-30 induced the ectopic expression of reporter genes driven by the wild-type unc-25 and unc-47 promoters. Our data establish a mechanism for cell type-specific transcriptional coregulation of genes required for the synthesis and packaging of the neurotransmitter GABA.
Animals↗
Probing the mechanism of C-H activation: oxidation of methylcubane by soluble methane monooxygenase from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b.
The soluble form of methane monooxygenase (MMO) isolated from methanotrophic bacteria catalyzes the O2-dependent conversion of methane to methanol, as well as the adventitious oxidation of many other hydrocarbons. In past studies, it was reported that the oxidation reaction of methylcubane, a radical clock substrate, catalyzed by MMO from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) gave only cubylmethanol as the product rather than methylcubanol(s) or rearranged products characteristic of a radical formed on the methyl group [Choi, S.-Y., Eaton, P. E., Hollenberg, P. F., Liu, K. E., Lippard, S. J., Newcomb, M., Putt, D. A., Upadhyaya, S. P., and Xiong, Y. (1996) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 118, 6547-6555]. Such a substrate radical intermediate would be expected if the mechanism of MMO involves hydrogen atom abstraction as indicated by many previous mechanistic studies. Here it is shown that the reaction of methylcubane with the reconstituted MMO system from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b yields both cubylmethanol and methylcubanols, with methyl hydroxylation favored over cubyl hydroxylation. This unexpected regioselectivity indicates steric effects on the reaction in agreement with past product distribution studies. In addition, the apparent majority product of the reaction is tentatively assigned as one of the possible rearranged products for this radical probe, on the basis of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry data. This result suggests the formation of a radical intermediate in the reaction, thus supporting a radical-based mechanism for this form of MMO.
Bacteria↗
Magnetization directions of individual nanoparticles
The magnetization directions of individual monodomain nanoparticles as small as 5 nanometers in diameter are determined using the Foucault method of Lorentz microscopy. A model is developed to explain the images and diffraction patterns of samarium cobalt nanoparticles as a function of the aperture shift direction. Thermally induced changes in the magnetization direction of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles were observed but with a much slower rate than expected, due to surface anisotropy. When the time scale for magnetization reversal is much shorter than the data acquisition time, as in carbon-coated iron cobalt alloy nanoparticles, the images show an average of such thermally induced changes.
Journal Article↗