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Biomedical subjects

Y Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Y Jiang.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Effects of microinjection of tutin into nucleus tractus solitarius region on the morphology of neural tissue of this area in rabbit].

Four hours after unilateral microinjection of tutin (10 micrograms) into the NTS region, the nervous tissue surrounding the center of microinjection showed the following morphologic changes: 1. Under the light microscopic examination (n = 5), the neuronal body showed chromatolysis and the nuclear basophilia enhanced in about 17% of the neurons, the lacunae of neuropil distended and gave a "spongy" appearance. The neurons with lesion mingled with the normal ones in the absence of distinct demarcation. 2. Under the electron microscopic examination (n = 3), the cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum distended, and the nuclear electron density increased on account of the increased nuclear chromatin in the affected cells. The organelles of dendrites decreased or disappeared; the neuroglia looked edematous. There were only a few axons which looked edematous in the neuropil. Microinjection of the same volume (1 microliter) of NS into the other side of NTS region in the same rabbit didn't show any sign of damage as those described above. Thus, our preliminary results suggest that tutin might damage the soma and dendrites of some neurons, and therefore, it might be a neuroexcitotoxin.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of panaxadiol and panaxatriol saponins on action potentials of normal and xanthine-xanthine oxidase damaged cultured myocardial cells].

Wistar rat myocardial cells were cultured. PDS 20-80 micrograms.ml-1; PTS 1.25-20 micrograms.ml-1 dose-dependently decreased their action potential parameters, indicating the possibility of being concerned in the blockage of Ca channel. After the free radical damage was induced by xanthine 0.42 mmol.L-1--xanthine oxidase 5.3 nmol.L-1 (X-XO). All the action potential parameters of the cardiac cells decreased without exception. Both PDA and PTS antagonized the electrical appearance of membrane damage induced by X-XO, suggesting that both PDS and PTS protect the myocardial cells from oxidative damage.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of liuwei dihuang decoction and its compatible prescriptions on lipid peroxide and lipofuscin].

Our experiment has shown that liuwei dihuang Decoction can decrease the contents of lipid peroxide in the serum as well as lipofuscin in the liver of the older mice to the level of the younger ones, while the two compatible prescriptions derived from the decoction, "Three invigorators" and "Three purges", cannot produce the same effect. All the three forms of prescription have no action on the lipofuscin in the heart.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of liuwei dihuang decoction and its compositions on blood sugar and glycogen in mice].

We have studied the effects of liuwei dihuang decoction (LDD) and its compositions on blood sugar and glycogen in mice, and found that sanbu, shanzhuyu-danpi and shanyao-fuling matched pairs can reduce the level of blood sugar, while LDD, sanbu, shudi-zexie and shanzhuyu-danpi matched pairs can increase the content of glycogen in liver. The present study is only a preliminary research on the effects of LDD and its compositions on the metabolism of sugar in the body.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Post-translational modification of a monocyte-specific chemoattractant synthesized by glioma, osteosarcoma, and vascular smooth muscle cells.

Chemotaxis is an important step in monocyte recruitment in inflammation, wound healing, and tumor growth. We reported previously that monocyte chemotactic activity secreted by malignant cells and normal smooth muscle cells is associated with a protein or family of proteins that are related to the monocyte-specific smooth muscle cell-derived chemotactic factor (SMC-CF) (Graves, D. T., Jiang, Y. L., Williamson, M. J., and Valente, A. J. (1989) Science 245, 1490-1493). Similar monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCP-1) produced by U-105MG human glioma cells have also been identified (Yoshimura, T., Robinson, E. A., Tanaka, S., Appella, E., Kuratsu, J., and Leonard, E. J. (1989) J. Exp. Med. 169, 1449-1459). We now report that the MCP-1 gene is expressed in MG-63 human osteosarcoma and vascular smooth muscle cells and that SMC-CF antiserum specifically immunoprecipitates proteins synthesized by U-105MG glioma cells. Experiments were undertaken to elucidate the processing pathway of MCP-1/SMC-CF-like proteins in each of these cell types. These experiments demonstrate that larger MCP-1/SMC-CF-like proteins are derived from a Mr = 9000 precursor. Post-translational modification involves the addition of O-linked carbohydrates and sialic acid residues. Differences in carbohydrate processing account for the heterogeneity in MCP-1/SMC-CF-like proteins produced by different cell types. Secretion of these proteins occurs rapidly following processing events in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi compartment.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1990

Relationship between hormone profiles and the restoration of spermatogenesis in men treated with gossypol.

Gossypol acetic acid was administered orally to 35 male volunteers at a dose of 20 mg once a day for 52-70 days in the loading phase and twice a week for 22 months in the maintenance phase. Sperm counts and the serum concentrations of LH, FSH, prolactin, testosterone and oestradiol were monitored regularly during treatment and for a follow-up period of 12 months. At around 90 days after treatment, all treated participants approached or attained azoospermia and remained at this level throughout the maintenance phase. By the end of the follow-up phase, eight treated men were still azoospermic, while sperm counts in the other 27 men were restored to normal levels. The only hormone that changed significantly during and after the treatment was FSH. From the 6th month of the treatment to the end of the follow-up phase, serum concentrations of FSH in the eight participants that reached irreversible azoospermia were significantly higher than in the other 27 men or in controls. It is suggested that monitoring of FSH levels might be of diagnostic use for identifying those participants with irreversible azoospermia during gossypol treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the ovary--report of 5 cases].

Five cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the ovary (OPNHL) are reported. All were B cell lymphomas (1 small cleaved, 2 non-cleaved and 2 cleaved non-cleaved lymphoma) and treated with operation combined with chemotherapy, 2 of whom also received radiotherapy. One case died 15 months after operation, 4 are still alive, and 2 of these 4 have survived for over 3 years. The clinical manifestations of OPNHL are similar to those of ovarian carcinoma, therefore, it is difficult to diagnose this disease before operation. Histologically, it is important to differentiate OPNHL from granulosa cell tumor and dysgerminoma. Debulking operation should be attempted and timely chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy given for better results even for advanced ovarian lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Protective action of selenium and manganese on xanthine and xanthine oxidase induced oxidative damage to cultured heart cells.

Ventricular myocytes from neonatal Wistar rats were cultured with 80% Dulbecoo's modified Eagle medium and 20% fetal bovine serum. An appropriate amount of xanthine and xanthine oxidase was added to the culture medium to increase the content of free radicals in cardiac cells. Variation in action potential and input impedance of cardiac myocytes indicated the oxidative damage to the membrane. The ultrastructure of heart cells, characteristically the myofilaments and mitochondria, was damaged. Electron spin resonance measurement demonstrated that xanthine and xanthine oxidase elevated the free radical content, while selenium (Se) and manganese (Mn) reduced the free radicals in cultured heart cells. Supplementation of 0.173 microgram/ml Se and 0.1 microgram/ml Mn into the culture medium separately or simultaneously antagonized the damage induced by xanthine and xanthine oxidase. The possible mechanism might be the production of superoxide anion free radical leading to free radical damage to cardiac cells. Se and Mn might play a role as scavengers through glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase respectively and thus protect cardiac cells from free radical damage.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

[Normal radiologic anatomic variants and X-ray findings of hypervitaminosis D of the ulna, radius and carpal bones in children].

The forearm and wrist radiographs in 400 children with age ranging from 2 months to 2 1/2 years were analyzed. Comparatively, x-ray films and their correlated macrosections of the wrist of 14 children's cadavers about the same age were studied. Alternate lines of increased, decreased, and increased density at the distal metaphysis of the ulna and radius were accountable. All these are normal variants of the development of the ulna and radius of infants. A series of abnormal x-ray signs were demonstrated in children administered over 100,000 IU of vitamin D every month on the average. These signs are blurred cortical bone with linear periosteal reaction, disorganization of the cortical bone, osteoporosis, cortical thickening and sclerosis of the ulna and radius, dense and thick calcified ring of ossification nuclei of the carpale, and dense metaphyseal band of the ulna and radius. The more vitamin D was administered, the more frequently abnormal x-ray signs occurred. These signs coincide with the results of radiopathologic and microangiographic correlations of hypervitaminosis D in animals, an experiment we had made before. The x-ray findings of hypervitaminosis D are very complicated. Only based on a series of x-ray signs rather than a single dense metaphyseal band could a radiologic diagnosis of hypervitaminosis D be made.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1990

[Chemical constituents of the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N. E. Br].

Compounds were isolated from the aqueous extract of the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida var. major and seven of them were identified as 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)malic acid, quercetin, hyperin, vitexin, rhamnosylvitexin, diethylamine hydrochloride and sorbitol respectively by UV, IR, NMR, MS, some chemical techniques by comparison with the standard spectra of known compounds.

Diethylamines↗
PubMed1990

[Posterior scleral reinforcement operation in the high myopia with macular degeneration].

The authors performed posterior scleral reinforcement operation on 23 cases of high myopia with macular degeneration. One eye underwent surgery and the another eye served as control. Follow-up period ranged from 3 to 24 months. It was found that the corrected vision and refractive degree of the operated eye maintained the original levels and that the control eyes tend to become worse during the follow-up periods. It was also observed that the blood circulation of the macular area of operated eye seemed to be improved, and the bioelectricity was activated. No serious complications were found. Therefore the authors pointed out, for high myopia patients, if the condition advanced constantly, the posterior scleral reinforcement operation is a method of choice before other better therapeutic methods are established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[An observation of the anticancer activity of mitoxantrone hydrochloride injection].

Experimental results of anticancer activity of DHAQ.HCl are reported in this paper. It was discovered that DHAQ.HCl, mitoxantrone hydrochloride, had an obvious anticancer effect on the experimental tumor strains:Ehrlich ascites cancer, Sarcoma-180, Leukemia P388, etc., and that it was more effective to Leukemia P388 than to other strains. The anticancer activity of DHAQ.HCl was better than DHAQ (P less than 0.05). No side effect was observed on the local sites (s.c.) of tumor planted or drug injected. And also a good anticancer effect was observed on the sites of tumor planted by local injection. It is suggested that this observation can provide some information on the choice of routes of administration of this drug clinically.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment and prevention of asymmetrical intrauterine growth retardation with huoxue huayu prescription].

The purpose of this study was to observe the therapeutical and preventive effect of the compound prescriptions of Huoxue Huayu (promoting blood circulation to remove stasis, PBCRS) and Yiqi Huoxue, replenishing Qi to remove stasis, RQRS) on experimental intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) caused by passive smoking during pregnancy in rats. The fetal average birth weight and the erythrocyte deformability were found to be significantly reduced in the smoke-exposed group compared with the control group. However, there was a significant increase of blood viscosity (at both shear rates), Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH levels and the erythrocyte fragility in the smoke-exposed group in comparison with the control group. After the mother-rats were given PBCRS and RQRS prescriptions during gestation, the fetal average birth weight and erythrocyte deformability were markedly increased. The blood viscosity, Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH levels and erythrocyte fragility of pregnant rats were decreased. No differences were found in the control group and the two treated groups. The electronic microscope observation of erythrocyte shape shows there were some protrusions on the surface of red cells in the smoke-exposed group. The protrusions were significantly reduced in the two treated groups, which was similar to the control group. The erythrocyte deformability, the blood viscosity, Hb, Ht, MCV, MCH levels indicate that there was a significant correlation between them and the fetal average birth weight respectively. This study indicates that blood stasis is one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of asymmetrical IUGR and that the PBCRS recipe could improve intrauterine growth environment of fetal which could treat and prevent IUGR in obstetrics.

Animals↗