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Biomedical subjects

Y Ishihara

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ishihara.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[[Nitroblue tetrazolium tests of blood and synovial fluid cells in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (author's transl)].

Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test, widely performed to investigate the physiology and function of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes, was evaluated using blood and synovial fluid cells of 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 19 patients with osteoarthritis. There were no significant differences among two joint diseases and healthy controls in NBT test values on blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Seropositive and CRP positive patients with rheumatoid arthritis, however, revealed low values. NBT test value on polymorphonuclear leukocytes of synovial fluids was lower than that of blood in rheumatoid arthritis and was higher than that of blood in osteoarthritis. Negative correlations were seen between NBT test value and nucleated cell count of synovial fluids in these diseases. On the other hand, NBT test by mononuclear cells did not differ from the by polymorphonuclear leukocytes in rheumatoid synovial fluids and these two values correlated well. There was correlation between nucleated cell count and NBT test value on mononuclear cells in osteoarthritic synovial fluids. From these results it was suggested that the severity of joint inflammation might influence the function of not only polymorphonuclear leukocytes but also mononuclear cells of synovial fluids.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of VIP, phenoxybenzamine and prednisolone on cyclic nucleotide content of isolated guinea-pig lung and trachea.

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) increased the cyclic AMP content of guinea pig lung and tracheal tissues. Combinations of the peptide with prednisolone or with phenoxybenzamine potentiated the effect of VIP on cyclic AMP. The trachea-relaxant effect of VIP also was reinforced by the addition of prednisolone or phenoxybenzamine. At the same time, cyclic GMP content in these tissues changed little in response to these agents. The results provide a biochemical basis for the tracheal-relaxant action of these agents, and for the potentiation of bronchodilation by prednisolone and by alpha-receptor blockade. The findings are also consistent with the view that relaxation of airway smooth muscle is mediated by an elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Neuritogenic activity of peripheral nerve myelin proteins in Lewis rats.

The neuritogenic activity of human peripheral nerve myelin proteins in Lewis rats was examined. Experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) was induced by human myelin fraction in all Lewis rats examined. Purified human P2 protein induced mild but definite EAN. None of purified P0 protein, total myelin lipids, gangliosides and cerebrosides induced EAN. Addition of total myelin lipids or gangliosides to the P2 protein did not enhance the neuritogenicity of the P2 protein. Bovine P2 protein, which was inactive in rabbits and guinea pigs, showed considerable neuritogenicity in Lewis rats. We postulate that induction of EAN depends both on the species of host animal and the source of antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Induction of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase and interferon in mouse trigeminal ganglia infected with herpes simplex virus.

The activity of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, which is induced by interferon action, was detected in mouse trigeminal ganglia infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1. When HSV was inoculated on the left cheek of mice, the virus began to appear in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglia on day 2, reached its maximum accumulation on day 4, declined thereafter, and was no longer detected in the tissue homogenate after 11 days. After this short acute productive phase, the virus entered into the latent phase of infection. 2',5'-Oligoadenylate synthetase appeard in the trigeminal ganglia shortly after the beginning of virus multiplication; the synthetase activity began to rise on day 3, reached a maxium level on day 4, and then declined. Interferon activity (type I) also appeared in the infected ganglia, but diminished more rapidly than the synthetase. The antibody against HSV in the sera began to appear at the time when the virus and synthetase were declining. From these results it may be hypothesized, although not concluded, that in the acute productive phase of HSV infection in mouse trigeminal ganglia, virus multiplication is suppressed by interferon action, including 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase induction.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1980

Antagonism of L(-)pantothenic acid on lipid metabolism in animals.

The inhibition rate of L(-)pantothenate as an antagonist of D(+)pantothenate was discussed from the viewpoint of growth and lipid metabolism. The growth rate of mice given pantothenate-deficient diets containing L(-)pantothenate (300 mg per 100g diet) was markedly decreased, and such pantothenate-deficient symptoms as "spectacle eyes" appeared. However, it was recovered by the simultaneous addition of D(+)pantothenate. This result suggets that L(-)pantothenate is an antagonist of D(+)pantothenate. The same phenomenon was observed in a rat experiment. The growth of rats given L(-)pantothenate was extremely poor but recovered by the simultaneous addition of D(+)pantothenate. Its complete recovery was seen when the ratio of L(-)pantothenate to D(+)pantothenate reached 100:1. The same tendencies were observed in the liver levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride, and also in the lipoperoxide values. This experiment suggests that the inhibition rate of L(-)pantothenate to D(+)pantothenate in animals is similar to that of DL-omega-methyl pantothenate.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The potentiating effect of an alpha-adrenergic blocking agent (E-643) on the action of bronchodilators.

The effect of 2-[N-(n-butyloyl)homopiperazin-N'-yl]-4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy quinazoline hydrochloride (E-643), a new alpha-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, on the relaxing responses and on the change of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP contents in guinea pig tracheal (GPT) tissues induced by various bronchodilators was examined. The relaxing responses and the cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP contents in GPT induced by isoprenaline, adrenaline, prostaglandin E2 and chlorprenaline were markedly enhanced with continuous infusion of E-643. These results may suggest that E-643 can be used together with various bronchodilators for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

Effect of calcium antagonist, etafenone hydrochloride, on the isolated guinea pig tracheal tissues.

The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of 2'-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3-phenylpropiophenone hydrochloride (etafenone hydrochloride) on the action of various bronchoactive agents using isolated guinea pig tracheal tissues. Acetylcholine hydrochloride, prostaglandin F2a, histamine dihydrochloride and serotonin-creatinine sulfate induced contractile responses in guinea pig tracheal tissues were attenuated, while, isoprenaline hydrochloride, prostaglandin E2, salbutamol hemisulfate, aminophylline and adrenaline-induced relaxing responses were potentiated with continuous infusion of etafenone hydrochloride. These results suggest that etafenone hydrochloride would become a useful therapeutic agent in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Airway Resistance↗